so ^ 



578 
apy 1 




50 CtS. 



■•«SWE««*'»«^»t'- 



JTANDARD JTOCK FOOD CO., 

0MAHA,NED.,U.l5.A. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



.Sioyyrjaui .ciur^ 

y.oZ'yx.o.. 

Care and Feeding of Sheep | ^P.^.X .S. .... 

"The Standard Farmer" — Story 



Page 

What We have Done and What We are Doing 3 

Why Feed Standard Stock Food? 

Our Customers' Endorsement • • • • 

Our Department of Advice 

'1 he General Farmer 

Condimental Stock Foods ( From Breeder's Gazette) .... 
The Place of Stock Foods (From Orange Judd Farmer). 

Feeding Cattle for Market 

Care and Feeding of Swine 

Care and Feeding of Horses 

The Dairy Cow. 



UBi^AKy.af .caiMS.HE-SS' 
•f-wo' COiJ/es +!■)«;« reel 

.■■JAN.' 17 'mb.. 



7 

8 

8 

9 

17 

18 

19 

71 

97 

111 

121 

181 

Fitting Stock For Show Ring 136 

Comparative Digestion of Farm Animals — Dr. C. W. Sanborn 139 

Composition of Feeds 142 

Farmers' Poultry 147 

Gestation Table 152 

Teeth of Farm Animals 153 

Standard Worm Powder for Hogs 154 

Standard Worm Powder for Horses 155 

Standard Poultry Food 156 

Standard Insect Powder 157 

Standard Stock Liniment 158 

Standard Gall Cure 159 

Price List 160 

{See Alphabetical Index on Third Cover Page.) 



OUR GUARANTY 

Standard Stock Food is the Best Stock Food in the W^orld 

It is made of better and more expensive materials, therefore is of greater 
strength and will go farther and do your stock more good than any other 
stock food. 

It is more carefully compounded and is of absolutely uniform quality, the 
materials being ground in our own mills and every process of its manufac- 
ture being under our personal supervision, with the greatest care that skill 
and experience can devise. 

It contains no antimony, arsenic nor other poisonous matter. We will pay 
$1,000 and the cost of analysis for any such materials detected in it. 

We make no extravagant claims for Standard Stock Food, but we guar- 
antee that it is exactly as represented and that it will do everything that we 
do claim for it. It makes stock thrive. 

,^ To any of our customers who buy and use a package of any size of Stand- 
al'fi Stock Food, or any of our Standard Stock Specialties, in accordance 
'with our printed directions, the purchase price will be refunded, in case they 
find the goods not exactly as we represent them to be. 



Standard Stock Food Company 



The Standard Feeder 

A Manual for the Guidance of 
the General Farmer, the Stock 
Grower, Feeder, Dairyman and 
Ranchman, in the profitable care 
and management of Live Stock 




Published by 

Standard Stock Food Co. 

Manufacturers of 

Standard Stock Food 

"It Makes Stock Thrive" 

Standard Stock Specialties 

Omaha, Nebraska 





Copyright 1904. Standard Stock Food Co. 



sr. 



^r 



A Word at the Start 



This book is an advertisement. It tells about Standard Stock 
Food and the Standard Stock Specialties which we compound. 

But it is more than that. 

It is a convenient guide for every man who owns domestic ani- 
mals of any kind. 

It shows how to make stock thrive. 

It is filled with practical, money-making suggestions — helps in 
your every-day work — not mere theories, but facts drawn from the 
actual experience of farmers and stockmen who hav; made money 
from livestock. 

It has been our endeavor in compiling this book to include in it 
nothing that will not help you to make money. 

We have weighed carefully everything we have said. We have 
said nothing that is not proved by facts. 

We place it in your hands in the hope that it will help you to 
greater profits. We are interested in the livestock industry and its 
success, for our business depends upon it. The more money we can 
helpjj"?^ make, the more money we will make in the end. 

And you can increase your profits by more careful, systematic 
feeding — by getting just a little more good out of every pound of feed 
you feed, and a little more out of every animal on your place. 

The Standard Feeder is designed to show you how to get that 
extra profit. 

It will do that if you follow its advice — the advice of thousands 
of the most successful stockmen in the world. 

Read it— preserve it— consult it. 

Respectfully yours, 

Standard Stock Food Company 

Omaha, Neb., U. S. A. 



When we settled upon the plan of publishing a book to contain a lot of in- 
formation regarding the feeding and care of live stock, and a lot of proof of 
the value of Standard Stock Food, we decided to interview personally, some 
of our customers and get from them the best suggestions of their methods, 
and in their own words, what they think of Standard Stock Food. These 
interviews are published herein. They show just where Standard Stock 
Food stands with them and we believe they will show what it is worth to you. 



The Standard Feeder 



\^HAT \^E HAVE DONE AND 
V^HAT \^E ARE DOING 




First Location 1886 to 
1888 



We should like to know you person- 
ally — and like you to know us. Our best 
friends, our most enthusiastic custom- 
ers, are those who know the most about 
us. 

We don't want to "blow our own 
horn" too much, but if you are inter- 
ested in livestock of any kind, you ought 
to know something about Standard Stock 
Food and the men who make it. 

That's our excuse for this purely per- 
sonal chapter. 

The Standard Stock Food business was 
started in 1SS6— in a very modest sort of 
way. We had no 
capital to speak of, 
no reputation, no 
money to spend in 
booming- the busi- 
ness. 

But we had this: 

A positive knowl- 
edge that the mod- 
ern farm animal, 
pushed to the limit 
of production, real- 
ly needed help at 
all times, in one 

way or another, in the digestion and 
assimilation of the feeding stuffs crowd- 
ed into its stomach. 

We had a positive knowledge — based on 
careful experiments and the practical 
experience of ourselves and others,— of 
the value of our preparation. 

And we had, moreover, an unbounded 
faith in the common sense and good 
judgment of the average American farm- 
er; we felt sure that if we would show 
him that we had a good thing— a thing 
that would make money for him — ho 
would be sure to want it. 

The history of Standard Stock Food 
proves that we did not mistake either 
the merits of our product, or the good 
business sense of the farmer. 

Before putting Standard Stock Food on 
the market, we conducted a long series 
of experiments, on the farms of some of 
the best breeders and feeders we knew, 
and as soon as we were positively sure 
that we had the right thing we started 
in. 

Our first year's sales amounted to only 
25,000 pounds; it was then strictly a "one- 
man business." Mr. F. E. Sanborn mixed 
the food by hand, and would go out into 
the country and sell it. 

There was absolutely no demand for it. 
The average farmer had never heard of 
a stock food and was pretty thoroughly 
convinced in his own mind that corn 
and grass and water and air were all 



that were necessary to produce the best 
condition in his live-stock. 

But all the time Standard Stock Food 
was making friends for itself. The men 
who bought a small box, half under pro- 
test, came back for more and told their 
neighbors about it, so that by the third 
year the sales had increased a thousand 
per cent— reaching 250,000 pounds, and we 
began to feel that we were doing busi- 
ness. 

It was a rare exception, then, for a 
man to buy a hundred pounds of food. 
Most customers were small; they bought 
and fed the food sparingly. But the 
more they learned of the food's value, 
the more they spread its use over the 
farm. The man who fed a little of it to 
his horses, tried it for his milch cows 
and then for his hogs, but it was several 
years before we got any trade to speak 
of a«iong cattle feeders. 

We had started business in ' a little 
room 20x60 feet and had space enough, 
but by the end of three years we were 
crowded and cramped and moved into 
new quarters. 

The new location was a store room, 44x 
132 feet, containing about 5,800 square 
feet. We moved every stick of equip- 



- "I o-m^ 

'''J"'iH!LiJ+ 




Second Location 1888 to 1900. 



ment we had in a single day. and when 
we got it all in we actually felt lost. 

It looked almost as if the room was 
still vacant. 

There was nothing for us to do, but 
to turn in and get business enough to 
fill up the new quarters. 

W^e did it. We worked hard. We put 
in our best licks, but we want to say, 
in passing, that we are sure of this 
thing: 

We never could have done it if Stand- 
ard Stock Food had not been the best 
stock food in the world, and if we liad not 



The Standard Feeder 



conducted the business on a fair, hon- 
est, square-toed business basis. 

We believe, in all modesty, that we de- 
serve some credit for the hard work we 
did, but more credit is due to the merits 
of Standard Stoclt Food, and the fair- 
ness of the business policy we adopted 
from the start. 

We remained in these quarters ten 
years — the business growing and increas- 
ing every year; more and more feeders 
and farmers proving on their own farms 
the truth of our claims for Standard 
Stock Food. 

By this time we had numerous cus- 
tomers, who were buying at one time for 
their own use 1,000 to 5,000 pounds of 
Standard Stock Food, and a few who 



fore, and, as a natural result, our busi- 
ness continued to grow. 

We now have in the central West alone 
more than 100,000 satisfied customers- 
men who would as soon think of try- 
ing to farm without sunshine and rain 
as without Standard Stock Food. 

We have a close, personal and inti- 
mate knowledge of the results of feeding 
Standard Stock Food on the farms of 
more than 10,000 of our customers. We 
keep in close touch with them; we know 
what Standard Stock Food is doing for 
them. 

We believe that the phenomenal suc- 
cess Standard Stock Food has attained 
is due largely to four things: 

1. We have always made it just as good 




Present Office and Main Factory 



bought It in carload lots. 

The business was big and larger quar- 
ters were imperatively demanded. 

So we erected and equipped our pres- 
ent factory on Howard street and 
moved into it January 1, 1900. It is one 
of the best manufacturing buildings in 
Omaha, containing four floors, 66x132 
feet, with a total floor space of about 
35,000 ft. It is fully occupied, exclusively 
in the compounding and sale of Standard 
Stock Food and Standard Stock Special- 
ties. Its value, with the ground it stands 
on, is more than $50,000. 

The move was a good one. It enabled 
us to prepare our products with even 
greater care than we had exercised be- 



as we knew how. When we moved into 
our present factory, we installed a com- 
plete line of grinding, bolting and mix- 
ing machinery, all run by electricity, so 
that we can buy our own materials in 
crude form and grind them in our own 
mills. 

We thus know exactly what we put 
into Standard Stock Food, as we could 
not know if we purchased the materials 
already ground. This enables us to put 
out a product of uniform strength and 
of absolutely the highest quality. 

No other manufacturer of stock food- 
big Or little— pursues this policy. 

2. We buy our raw materials either 
abroad, in the country of their growth, 



'Xha Standard Feeder 




Scenes in Factory of 
Standard Stock Food Co. 



The Standard Feeder 



or direct from the importer, saving the 
jobber's profit and the grinder's profit. 
We not only get a better article, but we 
get it for less money, and have been 
able to reduce the cost to us, and con- 
sequently the selling price, three times 
in the history of Standard Stock Food— 
a reduction of about 50 per cent in eigh- 
teen years. It's mighty good business 
policy to improve the quality and re- 
duce the cost at the same time. 

3. We have kept in closer touch with 
the stockmen of the United States than 
any newspaper, any experiment station 
or any other manufacturer of stock food 
in the country. As we have said before, 



ciple that we must have the friendship 
and good will of the farmers of this 
country, or we would never make a suc- 
cess of our business. We have tried to 
win that friendship and success by de- 
serving it. 

It is these things that have made 
Standard Stock Food the success it is. 
It is these things that have developed 
the business from a one-man business 
in 1886 to a two-hundred-man business in 
1904. 

Today we have many thousands of cus- 
tomers who have used Standard Stock 
Food from one to five years; many thou- 
sands who have used it from five to ten 




Partial Views of Offices 



we have a personal acquaintance with 
more than 10,000 stockmen — men whose 
farms we visit; men who come to see us 
whenever they are in Omaha. These men 
are feeding with sense and judgment; 
they know what they are accomplishing; 
their e'xperience and co-operation has 
been of the greatest assistance to us, 
which we gratefully acknowledge. 

4. We have from the start been abso- 
lutely fair with every customer. We 
have not made them impossible, extrava- 
gant promises; we have not made claims 
we could not substantiate; we have not 
made "guarantees" we did not intend to 
make good. We have gone on the prin- 



years; several thousand who have used 
it Prom ten to fifteen years, and several 
hundred who have used it ever since we 
started in business, the spring of 1886. 

We have more customers who have 
used Standard Stock Food continuously 
for ten years, or more, than any other 
stock food company. 

We have more— many more— large cus- 
tomers for Standard Stock Food than 
any other stock food company— yes, more 
than all other stock food companies put 
together. 

That means something. 

These intelligent, money-making farm- 
ers are not buying Standard Stock Food 



The Standard Feeder 



for the fun of it. They are not doing it 
simply to please us. 

They do it simply and solely because it 
makes money for them. 

From time to time, during the growth 
and development of our business, we 
have added to our line such live-stock 
specialties as have been called for by 
our customers. 

These goods have been prepared from 
formulae, which have grown out of much 
study and experimenting, as well as ac- 
tual practice on our own farm. Every 
article we have put out has been made 
satisfactory to us— and that means abso- 
lutely the best that can be made— fit to 
carry the name "Standard"— before we 
have asked any customer's money for it. 

The present line consists of: 

Standard Worm Powder for Hogs (see page 
154.) 

Standard Worm Powder for Horses (see 
page 155.) 



Standard Poultry Food (see page 156.) 
Standard Insect Powder (see page 157.) 
Standard Stock Liniment (see page 158.) 
Standard Gall Cure (see page 159.) 
These articles are not only good; they 
are the best— founded on experience, 
tested by use. The Standard reputation 
is behind them. If they were not abso- 
lutely all right, we would lose more by 
making them than you would by using 
them. 

We have outlined briefly the history, 
the work and the aims of the Standard 
Stock Food Company. This is our only 
business. All our money and time is in- 
vested in it. Our future success depends 
upon how well we serve you. We have 
more at stake in making Standard Stock 
Food than you have in feeding it, and 
we have never found any one so hard to 
please as ourselves. 

Yours for good feeding, 
STANDARD STOCK FOOD CO. 



\^HY FEED STANDARD STOCK FOOD? 



Ten years ago the feeding of Standard 
Stock Food was looked upon by the aver- 
age farmer as a "fad." He argued that 
corn and hay and water and air was all 
that his stock needed, and that it wasn't 
necessary to feed a medicine to make 
money. We have proved in that time, 
from results obtained by more than 25,0110 
customers within two miles of Omaha, 
where Standard Stock Food is best 
known, that it is necessary in profitable 
feeding. It is no more a medicine than 
the salt, pepper, ginger, nutmeg, allspice, 
baking powder, sugar and other season- 
ing and flavoring stuffs that your wife 
uses daily in preparing your food. 

Standard Stock Food adds a relish to 
the feed it is mixed with— makes it taste 
better. It gives a zest to the appetite; 
it makes the feed ration more palatable; 
and you know that the more palatable a 
ration is the more good it does, whether 
it be your animals' ration or your own. 
If you will let your mind get a firm hold 
of this idea, you will understand why 
Standard Stock Food pays; why it makes 
more gain; why it makes a better finish; 
why it makes stock thrive. 

It stimulates the flow of the digestive 
secretions and causes the feed it is mixed 
with to be more easily digested and bet- 
ter assimilated; more of the nutriment in 
the feed is taken into the blood and the 
improved circulation carries it to every 
part of the body to nourish and build it 
up. These are results you are interested 
in getting. You save the waste, which, 
in the common method of feeding, is 
large, and turn it into flesh, fat, milk, 
finish, condition, or whatever you are 
feeding to get. That's your profit. 



This means a good deal to you; it means 
bigger and better results from your feed- 
ing; it means that your animals do bet- 
ter, look better and sell better; and all 
that it costs you is the cost of Standard 
Stock Food— one cent a day, or less, for 
a horse, a steer or a milch cow; one-third 
cent a day for a hog or a calf; one-half 
that much for a sheep. 

The chief reason why your animals need 
Standard Stock Food is because it helps 
to overcome the unnatural conditions 
under which they are being fed. Reason 
this thing out for yourself: Under natu- 
ral conditions their ration was much 
larger in variety and much less in quan- 
tity; they had a nip of everything that 
grew and did not eat more than they 
needed. It took a steer five years to 
weigh 1,000 pounds; a hog two years or 
more to weigh 200 pounds, and the cow 
only furnished enough milk to nourish 
her offspring. Now, with a limited range 
and a very limited variety of feed, you 
put three pounds a day on a steer and 
make him weigh 1,000 pounds at a year 
old; you put one and a half pounds a 
day on the hog and make him weigh 200 
pounds at six months, and your milch 
cow yields you a flow of milk eleven 
months out of the year. 

You know these are forced results, but 
they are the only profitable ones. Mar- 
ket conditions and competition demand 
that you produce the biggest and the 
best results, but in producing them you 
are going further than nature intended. 
You will agree that, under these condi- 
tions, your animals need help. They need 
the help given by Standard Stock Food. 

It makes stock thrive. 



The Standard Feeder 



Our Customers' Endorsement 



There is nothing in all our business in 
which we take such genuine pride and 
pleasure, as in the thousands of letters 
of enthusiastic praise which we are con- 
stantly receiving from our customers. 

Our files are full of such letters from 
the most careful, intelligent farmers and 
feeders in the country. 

They say that Standard Stock Food is 
good; they say that it is making money 
for them; they say that it does mak^= 
their stock thrive, and they know what 
they are talking about. 

We have printed a few of these letters 
in this book, as the best evidence we can 
produce to prove to you that our claims 
for Standard Stock Food are true. 

These letters are genuine— every one of 
them. We will cheerfully pay $1,000 for 
proof to the contrary. They are a fair 



sample of many thousands more — the 
average run of letters from our files. They 
give definite, positive statements as to 
the value of Standard Stock Food; they 
not only prove the faith of our customers 
in our goods, but give the reasons for 
their faith. 

Would you give such a letter as those 
in this book, if you were not thoroughly 
convinced of the value of Standard Stock 
Food ? 

Of course, you would not. Neither 
would the intelligent men whose names 
are signed to these letters. They mean 
exactly what they say; they tell why they 
think so. 

What Standard Stock Food has done 
for them, it will do for you. It will 
make more money for you, for 

Standard Stock Food makes stock 
thrive. 



FREE— Our Department of Advice -FREE 



It is our aim to help our customers in every way pos- 
sible in the more profitable feeding and care of their 
live stock. We recognize that were it not for the en- 
dorsement and praise they have given to our goods, our 
business would never have grown as it has. We are 
glad, therefore, to return the favors shown to us, and 
in order to do so in a practical, helpful way, we have 
instituted our DEPARTMENT OF ADVICE! 

We offer our customers, without charge, the services 
of this 'department, in charge of our Dr. C. ^\'. Sanborn, 
whose knowledge and skill in the feeding, care and man- 
agement of live stock is unquestioned. 

If you desire any advice or suggestions pertaining to 
the feeding and care of your animals in health or dis- 
ease, write us, giving full particulars regarding them 
and what advice you desire, and the best possible in- 
formation will be furnished you by letter, absolutely 
free. 

From College Professors 

It Promotes Digestion and Assimilation 
Iowa College of Science, Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Ames. la. 
To Whom It May Concern: 

This is to certify that I have chemically examined 
a sample of Standard Food, manufactured by the F. 
E. Sanborn Company of Omaha, Neb., and I find that 
it contains no poisonous or harmful mineral or organic 
substances whatever. The substances composing this 
mixture are those that excite a healthy appetite in do- 
mestic animals, and are promoters of good digestion 
and assimilation. A. A. Bennett, 

Professor of Chemistry. 
Contains No Mineral Matter 
University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. 
I have examined a sample 
of the Standard Horse and 
Cattle Food and find it does 
not contain any mineral mat- 
ter whatever, except a small 
percentage of sulphur and 
common salt. Very respect- 
■ fully, 
H. H. Nicholson, Prof, of 
Chem., Chem. Dept. 

STANDARD STOCK FOOD 

3 lb. Boxes $0.50 

81b. Boxes 1.00 

25 lb. Boxes 3.00 

25 lb. Palls 3.00 

50 lb. Boxes 5.50 

100 lbs 10.00 



Standard 

FOOD 



-J jj/f^^^^^f*" 




^^h.\.. 







^-A^ 



The general farmer makes his profits not in 
a lump, but dollar by dollar — a little at a 
time. It behooves him of all men to "make 
every lick count." 

Standard Stock Food ^vill help him make 
more dollars, because it makes the feed he 
feeds go farther and makes his stock do 
better. 
It makes stock thrive. 




The general farmer — the man who prac- 
tices diversified farming, instead of fol- 
lowing some specialty, is essentially in- 
terested in live-stock. 

He must be, for as a rule, it is from 
his live-stock that he gets all the extra 
profit that makes the difference between 
success and failure. 

His cows, steers, hogs, sheep, colts, 
poultry — whatever he keeps in the animal 
line— are the machines by which he con- 
verts the raw materials his field produces 
into more highly finished products, which 
command a better price in the market. 

And, of course, that's what the com- 
mon-sense feeder is after, — how to get 
the most money out of the crops he 
raises. 

It is true that somebody must raise the 
wheat that feeds the world, the cotton 
that clothes it, the corn and oats and hay 
that town horses consume; the barley 
and corn that city live-stock eat and 
men drink, but as a rule the general 
farmer finds it more profitable to let the 
grain farmer, or the hay farmer, or the 
cotton planter, follow these specialties, 
while he devotes his energies to supply- 
ing the market with his share of pork or 
beef or mutton or milk or butter. 

There is another phase of the question 
which must not be over-looked, and that 
is the maintenance of the fertility of the 
soil. The general farmer ought to make 
it a rule to keep on his farm enough live- 
stock to make the purchase of commer- 
cial fertilizer unnecessary, save in very 
exceptional cases. 

As yet this is, perhaps, not so thor- 
oughly appreciated in the West as in 
the Eastern part of the country, but even 
in tlie richest sections of our prairie 
states, where the soil is so deep that it 
seems practically inexhaustible, it is only 
a question of time until fertilizers of 
some sort will be demanded. 

It certainly is the part of wisdom to 
postpone that day as long as possible, 
by returning to every field a large pro- 
portion of the crop taken from it. 

To do this, the keeping of live-stock is 
absolutely necessary. 



We realize that no set rules can be 
laid down for running a farm. What 
would be highly successful on certain 
farms, under certain conditions, would 
be an utter failure in other places and in 
other seasons. Much of the old time 
prejudice against the so-called "book- 
farming" was well-founded, for it has 
always been an easy matter for the mere 
theorist to wrap himself up in some pet 
notion and be carried away by it. 

I can't sit down in a chair on my farm 
and tell you how to run your farm, be- 
cause there are too many circumstances 
that alter cases. 
But you and I can do this: 
We can sit down together and reason 
out the case. | 

We can get together all the facts we 
can find and then profit by the experi- 
ence of others. 

"V\''e can study the situation and apply 
our common-sense to it, and see, after 
thinking it over, what seems the best 
thing to do under the circumstances. 

After all, when we get down to the 
root of the matter successful farming, 
like everything else, depends upon the 
application of common-sense. 
That's all there is to it. 
But the trouble is too many of us are 
like the boy who always gives the ex- 
cuse, "I didn't think." 

We go ahead in a haphazard manner, 
without trying to see first where we are 
going to land. 
Lets use our heads more. 



The general farmer, as a rule, is both 
a producer of raw material and a manu- 
facturer. 

He produces hay, grain, roots— feeding 
stuffs, and he manufactures pork, beef, 
milk, wool, mutton, butter and eggs. 

As a matter of course, then, he is vit- 
ally interested and his pocketbook is in- 
terested, in keeping the machinery he 
uses in making beef, pork, milk and his 
other products, in the very best condition. 

His live-stock is his machinery. 

He needn't be "fussy" about it, but he 
does want to handle it so as to get the 



10 



The Standard Feeder— Part One 





You are feeding for a special 
purpose. 

You have a definite end in view. 

No matter what you want to 
accomplish, whether to promote 
growth, develop bone and mus- 
cle, or spirit and nerve, to produce 
fat or milk or wool, the animal 
must get vihat you want from the 
feed you feed. 

Standard Stock Food helps 
the animal utilize the feed. 

It helps the animal get more 
good from the feed — and so pro- 
duce more of the qualities you 
want. 

It makes stock thrive. 



most good and the groatost profit out 
of it. 

He wants quick growth and large 
yield, so he feeds to the limit. 

Just as he is careful to put a little oil 
on the hearings of his harvester, and a 
little axle-grease on the axle of his farm 
wagon, so he is careful to keep his live- 
stock machinery well oiled and in good 
working condition. 

■A machine that is heavily loaded with 
work, needs more oil than one that is 
standing idle. 

An animal whose digestive apparatus 
is heavily loaded all the time, needs more 
help than the wild animal that roams the 
plains, free to follow its own sweet will. 

That's the reason so many successful, 
money-making farmers have been using 
Standard Stock Food in connection with 
their regular feeding rations for so many 
years. 

Standard Stock Food is the "oil"— so to 
speak — that keeps the animal's machin- 
ery in good working order. 

Understand; it isn't a medicine, needed 



KOTHING EQUAL TO IT. 

Calhoun, Neb., Febr. 3, 1904. 
1 have used Standard Food for thirteen years 
in a general way, for hogs, horses, and cattle, 
and cannot speak too highly of it, I have 
used several . ther stock foods, hut find none 
of them give the results that Standard Food 
will give, and will say it will pay anyone to 
use it. Caml Saltzman, 



only to cure diseases; it's an every-day 
help— an aid to digestion and assimila- 
tion—just as salt and pepper and mustard 
and spices are aids to the digestion and 
assimilation of your own food. 

We don't say that your live-stock can- 
not get on in a way, without Standard 
Stock Food, any more than we say you 
would die if you stopped using salt and 
pepper. 

But we do say that you both will do 
better— much better— if you have these 
aids to digestion. 

Doesn't that seem reasonable? 



Selection of Stock 

Men in every part of the country are 
making money from all sorts of live- 
stock—some from one kind; others from 
another kind. 

Often the man who keeps nine or ten 
milch cows thinks his neighbor who de- 
votes more attention to hogs and none 
to cows, very foolish. 

But it all depends upon the man and 
surrounding conditions, and a man ought 
to follow his own natural abilities and 
his own preferences. 

If you don't love a horse, it probably 
will not pay you to keep two or three 
brood mares. If you do not admire a fine 
milch cow, it won't pay you to keep a 
dairy herd, other than to supply your own 
table; if you think a sheep a stupid 
brute, with nothing attractive about it. 
sheep will not be likely to do well for 
you. 

Stock your farm with the animals you 
like. You need not have all registered 
stock, but get the best you can procure. 
Don't raise scrubs. They never will 
make any money for you. 

Then exercise every care in feeding. 
Keep them in good condition, growing 



PROVED ITS MERITS. 

Genoa, Neb., May 20, 1901. 

I herewith send you a statement of how the 
cattle have been doing that I have been making 
a test feed with for 60 days past. I have been 
feeding some Standard Food for the last three 
years, but never felt satisfied as to the amount 
of good it did. I fed Standard Food to 25 head 
of mixed cattle last winter, that weighed 826 
pounds to commence with, and put on 222 
pounds per head in 90 days. Yet, I was skep- 
tical and wanted to divide the next bunch and 
make a scale test, with 42 head of yearling 
steers. Your agent came to my place on March 
11, 1901, and we divided the cattle in two 
bunches, 21 head each, your agent manipulat- 
ing the gate, while I cut them out. 

March 11th, lot No. 1, 21 head weighed 15,- 
305 pounds. Standard Food bunch. 

May 11th, lot No. 1, 21 head weighed 17,480 
pounds, growth 2,175 pounds. 

March 11th, lot No. 2, 21 head weighed 15,340 
pounds. 

May 11th, lot No. 2, 21 head weighed 16,860 
pounds, growth 1,520 pounds. 

Difference in growth in favor of lot No. 1, 
655 pounds, or 31 4-21 pounds per head in 60 
days in favor of Standard Food. 

T. E. Bailey. 



The General Farmer 



11 



and thriving, by adding Standard Stock 
Food to their ration, and you can hardly 
fail to make money, for Standard Stock 
Food makes stock thrive. 

THE MALE ANIMAL.— More of us 
"fall down" and lose money by being 
careless about the bull, the boar, the 
ram and the stallion, than from any other 
one feature connected with raising live- 
stock. Competition in these days is so 
fierce that we cannot afford to handicap 
ourselves in this way at the start. 

If you keep your own bull or boar, do 
not hesitate to spend money enough to 
get a really good one; it is real economy. 

While you are at it, you might just as 
well get a registered animal; the pedigree 
does not tell everything, but it does give 
you an opportunity to know what you 
have and enables you to avoid the dan- 
gers of too close inbreeding. 

When you have your mares served, do 
not be persuaded to use a scrub stallion 
in order to save a little in the service fee. 

There will always be a good demand for 
good horses; all the gasoline and elec- 
tricity in the world will never displace 
the good horse, but the days of the 
"plug" are numbered and it's a good 
thing. 

The male animal needs especial care 
and attention at all times. 

See that he has proper feed and to aid 
him in digesting and assimilating it, to 
make it palatable and to keep him on an 
even feed — always an important consider- 
ation—feed Standard Stock Food regular- 
ly. It aids wonderfully in keeping up the 
vitality. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Raise Your Own Feed 

There may be an excuse for the stock- 
feeder or the exclusive dairyman, who is 
carrying on his farm several head of live- 
stock to every acre, to buy concentrated 
feeding stuffs at from $16 to $25 a ton, but 
there is small excuse for the general 
farmers' so doing. 

It should be the rule, so far as possi- 



HARD TO START BUT HARDER TO STOP. 
Albion, Neb., Dec. 5, 1903. 
1 have fed Standard Food to hogs and horses 
for the last five years and think that there is 
nothing like it, Xt was hard to get me started 
to feed it, but it would be harder to stop me 
now. It keeps my hogs healthy and enables 
me to put them on the market two months 
younger, makes them grow larger and faster, 
It is all that is claimed for it, I am feeding 
it now and will continue to do so. 

Jno, Fertig, 

ITS VALUE SOON EVIDENT. 

Pella, la., Sept. 21, 1903. 
I want to tell you what I think of your 
Standard Stock Food. I have fed 300 pounds 
in the last two years to hogs and calves and 
am well pleased with the results on both, I 
have not made any scale tests, but I know 
from what I can see that it pays well to feed 
it, as it only requires a small amount of the 
Feed. Albert Veldhinzon. 




HIGH AUTHORITY. 

Office of the Conservative, 
J. Sterling Morton, Editor. 
Nebraska City, Neb., 

August 9, 1899. 
Dear Sir: This is to inform you 
that at Arbor Lodge we have fed 
Standard Food during the last 18 
months with the most satisfactory 
results. It has been fed to horses, 
cattle and swine. Its effect has 
been entirely in verification of all 
the good that has ever been said of 
it as a condiment for farm animals. 
J. Sterling Morton, 

Ex-Secy, of Agriculture. 



ble, to raise the nitrogenous portions of 
the ration on the farm. 

A little care and foresight will enable 
one to do it. 

Clover, alfalfa, oats, the various peas 
and beans, barley, wheat and rye are all 
rich in protein and combined with corn 
and other feeds make an ideal ration for 
almost any purpose. 

WheiT you raise your own feed, you 
have it at hand, and you get it first cost. 

When you buy gluten meal, or linseed 
cake, or cotton-seed meal or any other 
of the concentrated feeding stuffs, you are 
paying the railroads big freight rates and 
are paying two or three profits between 
the producer and yourself. 

There is no need of your doing it— espe- 
cially as the leguminous crops, supple- 
mented by the manure from your stables. 



A MONEY-MAKER FOR THE FEEDER. 
Fletcher, Neb., June 6, 1900. 
In the year of 1S99 I commenced feeding 
Standard Food to cattle and hogs and am be- 
coming a firm friend of it. While I have not 
made weight tests, yet I have fed the food to 
hogs of all ages, with uniform good results. 
They get more good out of the corn, which is 
our main food here. It makes the hogs grow 
and fatten faster and seems to put them in 
much healthier condition. I believe it is what 
it is claimed to be, a money maker for the 
feeder. I have bought 1,000 pounds. 

Arthur McGill. 



12 



The Standard Feeder— Part On* 



are constantly increasing tlie fertility of 
your farm. 

On the other hand. Standard Stock 
Food, and the ingredients composing it, 
cannot be procured from any other 
source — any more than you can raise the 
salt your animals need. It is not designed 
to take the place of any of the feeding 
stuffs; it simply helps the animal get 
more good out of the feed you feed; thus 
making the ration go farther and do more 
good, at the same time improving the ani- 
mal's general condition, and contributing 
to Its thrift and well-being as nothing else 
will. 

It is not an additional expense, but a 
real economizer. It's a money-saver, as 
well as a money-maker. 

You can't afford to do without it. 

It makes stock thrive. 




The Feeding Ration 

We believe in the balanced ration. 

So does every practical feeder (whether 
he calls it by that name or not) and every 
investigator of the feeding question. 

But we insist that chemical analysis 
does not, and never can, tell the whole 
story. 

Other things must be taken into con- 
sideration. 

It is universally admitted that success- 
ful feeding is most largely promoted by 
keeping in mind these points: 
Palatableness. 
Variety. 
Digestibility, 
Of course starting with the assumption 
that the feeding stuffs contain, in availa- 
ble quantities, the special food elements 
needed for the work required. 

Experiment, experience, and common- 
sense prove that a palatable ration is 
more thoroughly digested than is an 
unpalatable one. This is true in the case 
of man and of all the lower animals. The 
Creator did not make a mistake when he 
gave us the sense of taste— the desire to 
eat the things that taste good. 

The necessity for a variety in the feed- 
ing ration is in a sense secondary to the 
necessity for palatableness. Before we 
began to "balance rations" in accordance 
with their chemical components, the feed- 
ing of a variety of feeding stuffs, was 



necessary in order that the animal must 
secure the food elements from one stuffy 
which another lacked. 

Variety also tended to increase th, 
palatableness of the ration. 

A man could sustain life indefinitely 
on beans and bread, with a little fat pork 
as an occasional addi'cion, but after a few 
weeks of this as a steady diet, he would 
do much better on some food not really 
so rich in nutrition, because of the extra 
relish he would have for the new dish. 

The old time attempt to eat a quail a 
day for thirty days, well illustrates this 
point. 

There is another point, however, in re- 
gard to a variety of feeding stuffs which 
is almost always overlooked in consider- 
ing feeding rations from an experimental 
point of view. Every article of food con- 
tains active principles— which cannot be 
classified as protein or fat, or carbo- 
hydrates. 

For example, in the spring every fam- 
ily rejoices when rhubarb and spinach 
and "greens" and other vegetables are 
available for the table— just as live-stock 
relish roots and apples and pumpkins and 
green fodder. 

We immediately begin to feel better 
when we change from winter diet to 
spring diet. 

Why? Is it because of any additional 
protein in the food we take, or any 
change in the balancing of the ration? 

Not at all. It is because of the active 
principles of these foods — the properties 
they possess which cannot be classed as 
food elements, but might more properly 
be termed medicinal. 

A variety of feeding stuffs, therefore, 
tends to put the animal more nearly on 
the basis it was in its natural, wild state, 
when on a free range it secured a nip of 
every herb that grows, which appealed to 
its taste and appetite. 

The third consideration we mentioned 
is Digestibility. This is self-evident. 
Food that is not digested is not only of 
no good to the animal economy, but is a 
positive detriment, working the digestive 
machinery to get rid of it without any 
gain whatever in nutrition. 

In all of these points Standard Stock 
Food plays an important part. 

It increases the palatableness of the ra- 



DIGESTION ABOUT PERFECT. 

Spilker, Nebr,, March 4, 1904. 

I have fed Standard Food for about eight 
years. I was persuaded by another food com- 
pany to try another food, claiming it was bet- 
ter than Standard Food, but after feeding it 
one winter, I went back to Standard again, as 
my stock did not seem to take to it as they 
did Standard, and I did not get the gain I 
did with Standard. 

I am using 1,000 lbs. per year and feeding 
to all stock on the farm. I am feeding a car 
of cattle ; their digestion is about perfect. I 
am satisfied it pays to feed Standard Food and 
I shall continue to use it. 

C. T, Holstein, 



The General Farmer 



13 



tion. You only have to see the stock go 
for it, to be convinced of that. 

It talces the place of variety in the feed- 
ing stuffs, for in it are skillfully blended 
spices, roots and seeds, which not only 
give a relish to ordinary feeding stuffs, 
rendering them palatable to the animal, 
but also contain those active principles 
demanded by the animal system and for- 
merly secured from the variety of -wild 
plants eaten by the animal. 

As to Digestibility, Standard Stock Food 
renders most important service. Feed- 
ing stuffs are digested by the action of 
juices secreted by the linings of the 
mouth, the stomach, and the intestines. 

Standard Stock Food increases the flow 
of these digestive juices, and thus pro- 
motes the work of digestion, making it 
more thorough, and allowing less undi- 
gested feed to pass through the body as 
waste. 

Your live-stock needs it 

It makes stock thrive. 



twelve or fourteen years ago, in my 
father's days, and it did good work for 
us. Then we dropped it for several years, 
but I have come back to it, because I 
believe it the best thing of its kind I 
can get. I have always fed it with re- 
sults, and am convinced that it pays me 
well. 

"One thing I firmly believe. I believe 
it adds from 25 to 50 cents per hundred 
to the price I get for my cattle. I have 
learned this from experience, and am 
sure of it, for I always get better prices 
for my stuff than those who do not use 
the Food get." 

"Then it must pay you very well," we 
said, "for you not only get a higher 
price for the pounds you put on your 
stuff while you are feeding it, but also 
on all it weighed before you begin regu- 
lar feeding." 

"That's the way I look at it," answered 
Mr. Bacon. 

A little calculation will show that this 




A Bunch of Harvey Bacon's Cattle 



Has Usea -t i-.ong Enough to Know 

Near Cromwell, Iowa, lies the 6()0-acre 
farm of the state of the late C. H. Bacon, 
a progressive farmer who, as a director 
of the Iowa Agricultural Society, had 
much to do with furthering the work of 
agricultural progress in Iowa. 

Mr. Bacon's son, W. H. Bacon, has suc- 
ceeded his father on the farm, and is 
following in his progressive path. 

Mr. Bacon's farm is just rolling enough 
to drain nicely, and is a beautiful bit of 
land. The pictures of his cows, which 
we give, shows that his stock is kept in 
good condition. We asked him about his 
experience with Standard Stock Food, and 
he said: 

"We began using Standard Stock Food 



is from .1!3 to $G a 1,200-pound steer, an 
amount sufficient to pay for more Stan- 
dard Stock Food than half a dozen steers 
would require to finish them for market. 
No matter how little one might believe 
in the merits of Standard Stock Food, 
one could not talk with a farmer like 
Mr. Bacon very long before he would 
become convinced that there must be 
good in it, for such men, when they talk 
earnestly, even enthusiastically, about it, 
carry conviction with them. They are 
right up in front in everything that 
makes for improved stock and greater 
profits, and know what they are talking 
about when they recommend a certain 
line of procedure. 



14 



The Standard Feeder— Part One 




W. T. Locke Stacking Alfalfa 



The Best Ever Sold 

It was a case of waiting 24 hours, or 
driving 20 miles to reach the rich farm 
and pleasant home of W. T. Locke, Mar- 
quette, Nebraska, and anyone who would 
wait so long for a train when he could 
drive through siich a pleasant country as 
Hamilton County, Nebraska, would not 
deserve the opportunity of choosing. 

It was a day in mid-July, pleasantly 
cool. On both sides of the road was 
field after field of corn, wheat, oats, rye 
or alfalfa. The crops were big, the roads 
perfect, and the roadsides as clean as the 
cultivated fields through which they 
passed. 

We found Mr. Locke in a big field, 
busily engaged in stacking the second 

FOR FIVE YEARS. 

Decatur, Keb., April 4, 1903. 
Your agent in Burt County asked me to write 
you regarding my opinion of Standard Food 
from a standpoint of its continuous use for five 
years. During that time I have fed it to all 
kinds of stock with good results. I have to- 
day given my order for 400 pounds more, which 
I will feed to my brood sows, wcrk horses and 
fattening hogs. This tells my opinion of Stand- 
ard Food better than I can write it. If any 
person wishes to know what I think about it, 
just address a card to me at the above place. 
G. W. Hawkins. 

FEEDS IT TO ALL HIS AKIMALS 

Sanborn, la., Apr. 20, 1899. 

The past year I bought of your agent 300 
pounds of Standard Stock Food and fed it to 
hogs, pigs, horses and calves. My horses show 
it plainly in flesh and gloss and do their work 
on a little less feed, as they digest the grain 
better. I can keep the sows in better flesh 
while suckling pigs, and the pigs get more milk 
and do fine. 

I am sure that it will make me more gain 
and a bigger profit than anything I can feed to 
hogs or calves. Feed it to your stock, brother 
farmers, for the money it will put into your 
pocket. 

Standard 7oed ii the Itest thing I have ever 
ttt«d. 

Wm. Porter. 



crop of alfalfa. His farm lies in the 
Platte "Valley and is very productive. 
He had just sold his cattle, but he was 
not slow to give credit to Standard Stock 
Food. 

"I have used it with good results," he 
said, "and I am as good a friend to it 
as you will find. I think it is all right 
in every way, and the best stock food 
ever sold in this country." 

One need not be told that Mr. Locke 
is a good farmer, after once seeing his 
farm. It lies in the level valley of the 
Platte, and the heavy growth of corn 
and alfalfa speaks for the fertility of his 
broad acres. He is one of a family of 
good farrners, and proves the rule that 
Standard Stock Food farmers are at the 
head of their profession. 

THE BEST FINISH. 

Rosedale, Neb., Oct. 29, 1903. 

Standard Stock Food is a good saver and 
money maker. I commenced feeding it last 
winter to my horses, hogs and fattening cattle, 
and fed it regularly to the cattle until I sold 
them in June. I have fed cattle for several 
years, but I never cov.ld get as good a gain and 
finish on my cattle as I did last spring while 
feeding the Standard Food. I know it will do 
all you claim for it. I would not do without 
it for my horses for twice the cost of it. 

I am going to commence feeding the Food 
this fall as soon as I put my cattle in the 
yard, for if it pays to feed it one month, it 
pays better to feed it all through the feeding 
period. 

I take pleasure in recommending Standard 
Food to my neighbors and fellow farmers. I 
would not be without it. F. W. Kayl. 

A KANSAS CUSTOMER. 

Corning, Kans., March 14, 1903. 

I am well satisfied with Standard Food, Both 
my hogs and steers have done well since I have 
fed your Food. I cannot give any weights just 
now, as I have not weighed them. 

I have tried several kinds of Stock Food, but 
Standard Food has proved to be the best I 
have ever fed, as it holds cattle and hogs on 
their feed and gives them a good appetite. I 
am well pleased with it and shall continue to 
feed it. I have today bought 600 lbs. more to 
feed to my hogs, Z have about 100 which I am 
going to feed. J. K. Randel. 



The General Farmer 



IS 



Success With the Standard 

At Pender, Nebraska, we met the cham- 
pion Standard Stock Food Agent, Mr. 
Joseph Kuns, who, in a little more than 
five years, has sold 300,000 pounds of the 
food, all in orfe county, and he told us 
that he had not yet worked the whole 
county. Mr. Kuns is justly proud of his 



Mr. Kratke knows the value of his dol- 
lars and he considers he is making a good 
bargain when he buys Standard Stock 
Food, for he knows he will get two dol- 
lars back for every one he puts into it. 
He is still a young man, and his suc- 
cess has been great, because he has taken 
advantage of all his opportunities to 
make his work as profitable as possible. 




A Family Groap and Meadow on Mr. Eratke's Farm 



success. He began without experience 
and built up a business that is making a 
competence for him, simply by posting 
himself on the merits of Standard Stock 
Food and convincing the farmers and 
feeders of his territory of its value. 

Mr. Kuns took us out to visit Mr. 
Louis Kratke. a German farmer, who has 
earned 4S0 acres of fine land and for five 
years has used Standard Stock Food to 
help him get the greatest profits from 
his stock. 

Mr. Kratke has all sorts of good things 
to say about Standard Stock Food, and 
we noticed that he mixed a liberal por- 
tion of it with the slop he gave to a lot 
of splendid thrifty hogs which he was 
feeding. 

"This food is all right," he said. "1 
have been feeding it right along, and it 
does the bvisiness for hogs and cattle 
every time. I don't allow myself to get 
out of it any time, because I like to have 
it around always. 

"It keeps my pigs strong and makes 
them eat well and they do not have 
trouble about being off their feed any 
time when I give it to them." 



TIME TO FEED STANDARD FOOD. 

Conrad, la., June 23, 1903. 
I have fed Standard Food or five years. I 
thought I would try and get along without 
Standard Food, but find I lose money when 1 
do. I have placed my order with your district 
manager, C. M. Deal, for 500 lbs., and will not 
try to get along without it again. I have fed it 
to all kinds of stock with the best of results. 
The best time to feed Standard Food is 365 days 
in the year. Our hogs grow faster and keep in a 
healthier condition and when they do we are 
better pleased with them. I can at least make 
my pigs 50 lbs. heavier by the time they are 
10 months old, feeding the Food according to 
directions, My neighbors may think it does not 
pay to feed to beef cattle. I cannot feed cat- 
tle successfully without Standard Food. 

Joseph Clar. 

DON'T WANT TO MISS A FEED. 

Elkhorn, Neb., Dec. 31, 1903. 
Mr. Huff, I have run out of Standard Food 
and would like to have some right away, if 
possible. You had better come over right away 
so I won't miss any feeds. R. J. McCormick. 

THE -WHOLE STORY. 

Sidney, la., July 4, 1904. 
To Whom It May Concern: 

This is to certify that I have used Standard 
Stock Food and can cheerfully recommenl it, 
J, W. Shaver, 



16 



The Standard Feeder — Part One 



"BUY IT AND TRY IT." 

Boone, la., April 16, 1902. 

I want to tell you what I think of your 
Standard Food. I have fed it for four years 
end find it is all that you claim for it, I havo 
fed the Food to all kinds of growing and fat- 
tening stock, also to hrood sows, and find it 
excellent, especially during the suckling period, 
as it keeps the sow in hetter flesh, and she 
gives a larger flow of milk, which means a 
hetter growth of the pigs. Last year my pigs 
were farrowed in April — 60 head. I marketed 
them the 13th day of February, at an average 
weight of 262 pounds. I had no trouble get- 
ting all my pigs on the market, there being 
no runts or unthrifty ones, I can shorten the 
feeding period at least one-fourth by using 
Standard Food. 

I shipped 36 calves to Chicago at twenty 
months' of age, at an average weight of 1,250 
pounds In Chicago. These calves were graded 
Herefords and raised by me. They had a feed 
of Standard Food each day with their regular 
food from the time they were weaned until 
sold. They were slick and well finished, and I 
believe the finest brought me at least 20 cents 
per hundred pounds more than they would if I 
had not fed the Food. I would not feed any 
kind of stock without it. In order to get the 
most satisfactory results, it should be fed all 
the time. 

I have fed 4,000 pounds of Standard Food, 
and if a farmer will feed it right, it will give 
him entire satisfaction. I would advise my 
neighbors to give it a trial, as I have done, 
and be convinced. It will make you $3.00 for 
every 51.00 invested. Buy it and try it and 
you will be pleased. One thing I want to men- 
tion — the hogs that follow the cattle will do 
enough better to pay for all the Food the cat- 
tle and hogs loth eat. 

John Vogler. 

A PLEASED CONVERT. 

Herman, Nebr,, March 18, 1904. 
Your agent, Mr. C. E. Norris, tried for a 
year to sell me Standard Food, hut I thought 
I did not need it. He finally got me to take 
25 lbs. I have fed it as near right as I can. 
and have come to the conclusion that it will 
pay any man to feed it. I am going to buy 
more and continue to use it. 

Peter FoUen. 



Success the Best Proof 

A typical Iowa home owned and man- 
aged by P. Kilmartin, of Malvern, Iowa. 
This gentleman has fed more than 5.000 
lbs. of Standard Food. He began feeding 
it some years ago and has been a con- 
tinuous user ever since. The success 
that has attended his feeding operations 
is sufficient proof that he knows how to 
feed and what to feed. 



MAKES GRAIN MAKE MEAT. 

Snider, Neb., March 2, 1904. 
I have bought, in past three j-ears, 6,000 lbs. 
of Standard Food and have fed the same to cat- 
tle, hogs and horses with 'best of results. I 
have made scale tests on cattle, in which I 
ha^ie made 3 lbs. per day per head for three 
months. I have just weighed 60 shoats eleven 
months' old, average weight 300 lbs. I find 
it good for brood sows before and after far- 
rowing, and will not do without it for all 
kinds of stock, as it helps get more out of 
the grain and puts on a better finish. 

Henry Schnoor. 

MEANS THRIFTY STOCK. 

Sadorus, 111. 
Please find check, for which send me another 
100 lbs. of Standard Food. Please ship to 
Ivesdale as before. The feeding of Standard 
Food means a thrifty condition in stock. 

Riley Jeffers. 

A GREAT FOOD. 
Birmingham, la., April 20, 1903. 
Will you please send me 2O0 pounds of Stand- 
ard Stock Food to Birmingham, Iowa?. If you 
remember, I bought 50 pounds from you last 
winter to try it and I told you if I liked it I 
would get more. Well, I got good results from 
it. I think it a great Food, both as a condi- 
tioner and fat-producer. I believe you said you 
would ship me some if I wanted more. I will 
forward the money as soon as I get thfe Food. 

A. B. Cupp, 

FILLED HIS CLAIMS. 

Lyons, Neb., March 25, 1903. 

I have fed Standard Food to my hogs and 
cattle with good results. When I gave my 
first order for 100 pounds, my hogs were at a 
standstill. I was unable to make them put on 
flesh. Corn was high and I didn't know what 
to do. Your agent explained what Standard 
Food would do for my hogs, and it did just 
what he said it would do. It :?ave them an 
appetite and they commenced to gain at once 
and continued to make a good gain, enabling 
me to get them on a good market, which I 
couldn't have done without the Food. 

Last fall, when I put up my cattle, I gave 
an order for 250 pounds of Standard Food. I 
commenced feeding it right from the start. 
I didn't have a steer scour or get off ffied 
during the entire feeding period. I had no 
poddy cattle. The entire bunch was in good 
shape and well fed for the market. I want 
to say rignt here that the hogs following these 
cattle received enough benefit from the Foo'a 
to more than pay for it. 

I had one cow that was fed with this bunch 
of steers. I shipped her to Omaha with a 
bunch that had not been fed Standard Food. 
She was fatter than any of the others and 
stood the 8-mile drive better; she netted me 
$49.94 at South Omaha. I shall feed Standard 
Food when I feed hogs or cattle. 

Hans Jensen. 




Home of F. Eilmartin, Malvern. Iowa 



The General Farmer 



17 



CONDIMENTAL STOCK FOODS 

(From Breeder's Gazette) 



Thei'e is no use disputing the fact that 
condimental stock foods are coming more 
and more into use by the stock feeders 
of this country. Notwithstanding the 
opposition to tliem from certain liigh 
quarters, stock foods are meeting witli 
a larger sale every year. This being 
true, it is well that we should look into 
the matter and discover if we can why 
they are increasing in popularity. We 
dare not assume that the hundreds of 
thousands of farmers and stockmen who 
are using stock foods are fools who are 
being "worked" by a lot of swindlers. 
We have no reason in the world for not 
thinking that a large number of these 
farmers are intelligent, progressive, 
careful and observing and we must as- 
sume that they feed stock foods because 
they are convinced of the usefulness and 
01 the profitableness of using them. 

In the first place the name given these 
preparations is an unfortunate one. 
We do not know why they are called 
stock foods, because no manufacturer of 
them claims them to be foods in the 
common meaning of the term. All of 
them have a base which is composed of 
some regular food product. Some manu- 
facturers use one thing and some an- 
other. It does not matter what the base 
is. It may be cornmeal, oilmeal, bran 
or any other similar material. The 
manufacturers frankly admit that the 
base they use is simply a diluent or car- 
rier for the more valuable portion of 
their products. In England they call 
similar products "stock spices" or "con- 
dimental powders" and these names de- 
scribe with accuracy the character of 
the compounds we call "stock foods" 
in this country. The name is not im- 
portant except as it leads the unin- 
formed in the wrong direction. 

It seems to me, after looking into the 
matter with considerable care, that stock 
foods may serve a useful purpose. I 
have come to the conclusion that their 
most valuable property is in their ca- 
pacity to make feed palatable. It is con- 
ceded by all our best authorities that 
live stock does better when supplied 
with palatable feed than when it is 
obliged to live on feed that does not 
tickle the palate. Of all the condiments 
and seasoning materials used in the 
human dietry not one is absolutely nec- 
essary to health, from the chemist's 
point of view, except salt alone. Why 
then do we use pepper, allspice, nutmeg, 
cinnamon, cardamon seeds, sage, mus- 
tard, Worcestershire sauce, vinegar 
and all the long array of sauces, fla- 
voring extracts, preserves, jams, jel- 
lies, fruit butters, anything, in fact, but 



plain iinleavened bread, meat and vege- 
tables cooked in their natural condition 
and eaten without flavoring or mixing 
with anything except salt? 

We use all these things because they 
make our food more palatable and cause 
us to eat more. In the last analysis 
this is exactly why we use condiments. 
We began doing this because they made 
our food taste better and give us greater 
delight in sitting at the table. It was 
done when men had very vague notions 
concerning things scientific. Later along 
comes the scientist and begins to inquire 
why the desire for condiments is almost 
universal among the nations of the 
earth. He knows they make food more 
palatable, but that is not a very good 
reason for using condiments. It is the 
reason of the unthinking, the savage, 
the barbarian and we civilized people 
are not content to line ourselves up with 
the benighted and unscientific. We want 
a good and substantial reason for the 
faith that is in us before we admit that 
we spice and flavor our food merely be- 
cause it tastes better and induces us to 
eat more. 

Some careful experiments were made. 
We began to make progress along lines 
heretofore untraveled. We eat bacon 
and eggs because the one balances the 
other. Eggs have only a trace of car- 
bohydrates and bacon but a trace of 
protein. Combine the two and they 
taste better, are more wholesome and 
make a "balanced ration." Blindly we 
have been following our appetites, ever 
since bacon and eggs were first used. 
Nature has guided us and has not led 
us astray. Then came an important 
discovery. Palatable food excites the 
organs that secrete saliva and the di- 
gestive juices. It stimulates the secre- 
tion of the juices absolutely necessary 
to the most perfect digestion. Feed a 
man on dry bread alone and soon he 
must drink water, in order that it may 
be moistened enough to allow it to be 
swallowed. Spread the dry bread with 
honey, jam, jelly or fruit butter and his 
mouth literally waters at sight of it. 
Before he has had a chance to taste it 
the salivary glands begin their work 
and his stomach begins to fill with di- 
gestive juices and he will not only eat 
more of it, but digest it more complete- 
ly and thereby get more nutrition from 
it. It is the same with all our food. 
Without knowing it mankind has been 
for ages using condimental foods be- 
cause they gave him better powers of 
digestion. Instinctively he has been 
scientifically preparing his food so as 
to make it more nutritious. 



18 



The Standard Feeder — Part One 



The same reason why men should use 
condlmental foods and flavors of various 
kinds apply with equal force to feeding 
live stock. These foods make feed more 
palatable, stimulate digestion and add 
to the quantity of nutritive elements 
that is extracted from the feed. 

Thirty men were asked in succession 
why they fed a certain stock food* and 
their replies were practically identical. 
As one man they said, in effect: "Be- 
cause it makes our stock eat better, 
fatten better, finish in better shape and 
makes our feed go far farther." The 
writer in every case stood by the side 
of these men when these statements 
were made, saw the stock to which 
stock food was being fed, had an oppor- 
tunity to gauge the intelligence of the 
men and note their surroundings. In 



every case the farmers making these 
statements were intelligent men who 
read, think and keep posted on agricul- 
tural progress. 

Can we believe that all these men, 
some of whom had used the scales to 
confirm their belief in the value of stock 
foods, have been deceived and deluded, 
have been persuaded to waste money on 
something that is unprofitable and of no 
use? Considering the men, their sur- 
roundings and seeing their stock, I am 
compelled to believe that condimental 
stock foods have a place in the dietry 
of live stock where they may be of use 
and add to the value of feed. — Breeder's 
Gazette, Aug. 24, 1904. 



*The food referred to is "Standard 
Stock Food." 



THE PLACE OF STOCK FOODS 



(From Orange Judd Farmer) 



Hundreds of thousands of dollars are 
spent each year by feeders and breeders 
for condimental stock foods. Probably no 
feeds on the market have caused as 
much discussion. Certain people insist 
that they have little food value and are 
not worth the cost. On the other hand, 
thousands upon thousands of farmers 
and stockmen feed these foods to their 
stock and believe they are of great ben- 
pfit in putting on flesh and keeping the 
.inimals in a thrifty, healthy condition. 
In nearly every feed store throughout 
the midille west, various brands of 
these are always on hand, and farmers 
seem to take increasing interest in them. 

If they do not have merit as foods, 
why should they be so popular? The 
explanation seems to be that while they 
have considerable feeding value, they 
are probably unfortunately named. 
Very few, if any, of the manufacturers 
claim they will take the place of corn, 
oats, etc. They insist that they are 
simply condiments or spices, which in 
addition to their value as feeds make 
the ordinary feeds palatable, enable 
stock to eat greater quantities and as- 
similate larger proportions than they 
would without them. In England the 
name is more fortunate, as they are 
called stock spices or condimental 
sauces. It would be much better if 
they were so designated in America. 

After careful consideration and inves- 
tigation the up-to-date and intelligent 
stockmen find that these stock feeds 
serve an admirable purpose as season- 
ing material— so to speak. The house 
wife in preparing her meals uses a lot 
of materials such as pepper, allspice, 
nutmeg, sage, vinegar, flavoring ex- 
tracts and the like, not because they 
contain a material for building up mus- 
cle and nerve, but simply because they 



give a pleasant flavor to the food, mak- 
ing it more palatable and digestible. 
The same is true with condimental stock 
foods. While they may not have a large 
food content, they render stock foods 
otherwise unpalatable attractive to ani- 
mals being fattened or maintained for 
breeding purposes. In this way they 
are very useful in causing animals to 
lay on a larger percent of fat for a 
given amount of food. It is a well 
known principle of physiology that if 
food is pleasant, the organs which se- 
crete the saliva and the digestive juices 
are stimulated and the maximum per- 
centage of value is secured from a given 
amount of food. 

The same reasons which have resulted 
in the use of so many condiments and 
relishes on the table, hold in feeding 
farm animals. While foods were cheap 
and prices for meat high, it was not so 
necessary that the very best results be 
obtained from a given amount of food, 
but with the increasing competition and 
small margin of profit, it is absolutely 
necessary that highly bred animals with 
highly developed taste be given food 
that they like and can make use of to 
the best advantage. So it has come 
about that to secure large profits in 
stock feeding, it is necessary not only 
to have good animals and good feeds, 
but these feeds must be presented to the 
animals in the most attractive form and 
made more palatable and digestible by 
the addition of small quantities of con- 
dimental or stock foods. That these 
feeds have a place, no one who has had 
experience with high-class stock will 
doubt. The fact that, as stated above, 
these foods are so widely sold and are 
popular, goes to show that they have 
their place in the live stock industry.— 
Orange Judd Farmer, Oct. 15, 1904. 





FEEDING CATTLE FOR MARKET 

A square-built steer with a square-toed man behind him, under 
ordinary conditions, will make some money. 

Under exceptional conditions of feeding and marketing, they'll 
make a lot of money. 

We can't very well control market conditions. The best we 
can do with them is to watch 'em and take advantage of the right 
time for buying and selling. 

But we can control feeding conditions, and, after all, there's 
where the best money comes from. 

Standard Stock Food helps the feeder control feeding conditions. 

It doesn't change the weather, nor the price of feeds, but it 
enables the steer to. adapt himself to conditions. 

It helps him get more good out of the feed you feed. 

It makes a poor ration taste good and do more good; it makes 
a good ration taste better and go farther. 

It keepsthe animal's digestive system toned up in good condition. 

It keeps the blood circulating and makes the steer bristle with 
activity and vitality of the sort that counts for vigor and gain. 

More than ten thousand of the most successful cattle-feeders 
in the world are using Standard Stock Food every year. 

It makes money for them. 

It will make money for you. 

It makes stock thrive. 

The following pages show how these successful feeders do it. 

19 



20 



The Standard Feeder- Part Two 



FEEDING CATTLE FOR MARKET 



n 



HERE is just one aim to keep in 
view in fattening cattle for mar- 
ket, and that is: "How can I make 
my cattle bring me the most profit?" 

That doesn't always mean the highest 
price, for the man who gets 25 cents a 
hundred more for a bunch of steers than 
his neighbor does, has profited nothing 
if it cost him 26 cents a hundred to put 
on that extra finish. 

It doesn't necessarily mean the biggest 
gain in weight in the shortest time, either, 
for if the gain is made at too great ex- 
pense, it profits us nothing. 

We've got to take into account both 
ends of the business— the investment, the 
cost of production and the selling price. 



Raise Your Own Steers 

The ideal way to manufacture beef is 
to start with the dam and raise your 
own steers. 

It's a way that all cattle feeders will 
not endorse but it has a lot of advant- 
ages. 

In the first place it gives you a double 
chance at the profits. Sometimes you'll 
make money on growing the stock; some 
years on feeding the stock— but you are 
not likely to lose on both operations the 
same year. 

Then, if you use care in breeding, you 
are sure of having a good beef type of a 
steer to start with and don't have to de- 




Standard Fed Cattle, Owned and Fed by Boss & Son, Monmoutn, 111. 



It's a mighty big problem, and it takes 
a mighty good man to keep track of it. 

That's why so many people fall down 
in the cattle business and why a really 
good man makes such a success of It. 

It's a question of plain, hard, common- 
sense and good business judgment. 

It requires so much expert skill, such 
close attention, and such a downright love 
for the business that it has become al- 
most a separate profession. 

But it pays. We suppose the cattle 
feeders of the corn belt taken as a whole, 
have made more money per capita dur- 
ing the £)ast 20 years than any other one 
class of farmers. 

And in addition to that, it's one of the 
most fascinating businesses in the world. 



pend on the rough, loosely built animals 
that you can pick up. 

And that's half the battle— having the 
right kind of a "critter" to work on. 

You can't make a purse out of a sow's 
ear, and you can't put sirloin steak wor-.h 
20 cents a pound on an animal the Crea- 
tor intended never to be used for any- 
thing but a canner. 

And that isn't all. The time to begin 
to "finish" a beef steer is the day it is 
born. 

That is, you want to keep it "up and 
coming" all the time. You don't want it 
to slip back. A week's back-set, even 
at an early age, will be felt clear to the 
end of the feeding period. If you raise 
your own steers you will not neglect 



Care and Feiding of Cattle 



21 




PR\MtOTR\B \ 
\ a^ \ACU. 



RIBS PLATE. 

"2 lbs. 
at 4cts. 



92 lbs. 
at 20cts. 



/ SIRLOIN 
/ 34 lbs./ 
/ at»2!ich/ 



22 lbs. 
■>^t4C 




Diagrram Showin? Location of Ordinary Cuts of Beef 



them and then try to make up the loss 
by ovei'-crowding later on. 

There's another thing to be considered 
and that is the animafs familiarity with 
the feeder, its ration and its surround- 
ings. 

It takes a bunch of range steers some 
little time to become accustomed to new 
surroundings. They make no gain in 
that time. 

Steers raised on your own farm don't 
have to be put to the hardship of a long 
haul; you can gradually work them up 
to a fattening ration, without the loss 
of time or gain. 

It's a method we have got to come to. 
sooner or later, for Western ranges are 
growing smaller, and the supply of range 
cattle will not keep up indefinitely. 

It will pay you to begin it now. 

As a rule the man who grows and fat- 
tens a car load of 20 of his own steers, 
makes more money than the feeder who 
buys and fattens 100 or 150 head. 

We do not know of a single thrifty 
farmer in the corn belt, using Standard 
Stock Food, and growing his own steers, 
who is not making money and prospering. 

Buying Feeders 

The man who buys steers for feeding 
ought to be just as particular as he 
would be in breeding. 

It doesn't matter how good a feeder he 
is, he can't make money unless he has 
the right stuff to make it with. 

He must keep in mind the requirements 
of the market and buy stock that con- 
forms to the best beef type. 

It isn't a fad nor a matter of preju- 
dice. You know very well that you can 



buy tallow for about 4 cents a pound, 
while you have to pay from 18 to 20 cents 
for sirloin steak. 

What you want to do is to buy steers 
that will make sirloin and porterhouse 
steaks, and not tallow. 

The accompanying diagram shows the 
location of the ordinary cuts of beef in 
a well finished steer's carcass, with aver- 
age prices for each. 

Select your steers with this in mind. 

You don't want a wedge-shaped animal; 
get a low, broad, blocky steer, with 
straight, parallel lines, a broad loin, a 
long, level rump, a straight back, a thick 
flank low down, and a broad thigh run- 
ning well down to the hock. 

See that he is not more than two or 
two and a half years old at the most, so 
that you will get him to market under 
three years of age. 

That's the kind of steer that will make 
big gains on moderate feed, and take on 
a finish that will delight the buyer's eye. 

They'll cost a little more than the com- 
mon run, but they'll pay an extra profit 
on the extra investment. 

You can't pick them up at all times. 



IT'S FAT AND FINISH THAT PAYS. 

Lenox, la., October 18, 1901. 

I herein certify that I have bought and used 
previous to this date, 7,500 pounds of The F. 
E. Sanborn Co.'s Standard Stock Food, and 
have fed it to my cattle and hogs for several 
seasons. 

I believe it to be the best addition to the 
ration of feeding cattle and that it is a pro- 
gressive and profitable investment for the 
feeder. It is fat and finish on the shortest 
time and with the least amount of feed that 
pays, and Standard Food does it, 

L. F. Eckels. 



22 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



The thing to do is to have a good com- 
mission man— a man you can trust every 
day in the year— watch for a bargain for 
you, and get you a bunch of first-class 
feeders when the price is right. 

General Management 

•A good feeding yard is necessary. Have 
it well drained with no low places in it. 

Some feeders practice stabling, but the 
majority of Standard Stock Food feed- 
ers have got the best results by placing 
the feeding bunks in the open, giving the 
cattle the run of the yard, with good 
sheds, closed on three sides for shelter. 

There should be plenty of shade in the 



spray, which will keep the cattle free 
from lice and other vermin. 

The dipping of cattle is a practice that 
is spreading rapidly. If a good dip is 
used, it pays big. 

FEEDING.— Above all things practice 
regularity in feeding. 

By regularity we mean both in time 
and amount— yes, and in feeding stuffs, 
too. 

The steer is a methodical animal. You 
can set your watch by the time he comes 
up for his ration. Don't keep him wait- 
ing. Disappointment not only hurts his 
feelings— it's bad for his digestion, and 
that means a loss of money. 

Stockmen differ as to frequency of feed- 




On Henry Elanmann's Farm 



summer, and an abundance of pure, clean 
water at all times. In winter a tank 
heater should be used to take the chill off 
the drinking water. 

Ice cold water not only retards diges- 
tion, but it makes the animal cold, clear 
through, and it takes just so much extra 
feed to keep it warm. 

We don't believe horns have any right 
In the feeding yard. Cut them off. The 
steers will be quieter, less nervous, will 
do better and ship better. 

Scratching posts used to be good things, 
but a better thing now is a good dip or 



HAS CONFIDENCE IN IT. 

Cuba, Kas., June 2, 1901. 

Gentlemen: This is to certify that I have 
bought of your agent, G. W. Kennedy, $109,00 
worth of Standard Food to feed to fifteen low 
grade steers and one car of hogs and am more 
than pleased. My brother-in-law told me that 
I had such a low grade of cattle they would 
not make me a dollar. I received a very satis- 
factory gain on my cattle and $1.20 margin. 

I also shipped a small car of hogs of my 
own raising that topped the market on May 13, 
1901, I shall, for my own benefit, use Stand- 
ard Food in my next season's feeding and with 
more oonfldence in its merits. Yours truly, 

Henry KUumanSi 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



23 



Ing— ranging from once a day to all the 
time, with self-feeder. 

We don't believe once a day is often 
enough. 

A majority of feeders have found that 
best results are attained by feeding twice 
a day— about sun-up in the morning and 
an hour before sunset— giving the animal 
time to clean up the ration before dark. 

The chief objection to the self-feeder is 
that the cattle are apt not to ruminate 
the ration so thoroughly when they have 
constant access to food, as they are when 
it is given them at stated intervals. 

And that's a most important feature of 
economical feeding. 

THE FEEDING RATION.— Does the 
balanced ration pay? Unquestionably, 
yes, if used with common-sense and good 
judgment. 

But the point which must never be 



A FABM NECESSITY. 

Genoa Bluffs, lo-wa, November 15, 1899. 

Gentlemen: I have read a great deal of 
what some of your customers have to say 
in regard to feeding STANDARD FOOD to 
cattle, but have never yet told you what I 
think of it, and what results I have obtained 
by its use. 

It has been a little more than three years 
since I purchased my first order. Since that 
time I have fed over 3,000 pounds, and have 
never yet been disappointed. The longer I 
continue its use, the more convinced I am 
that it is making me money. 

There is an idea prevalent among cattle- 
dealers that they must produce cheaper beef 
and finer finished animals in order to secure 
the best price for them, and make the most 
money out of their feeding business. I know 
that I have had the same idea. But since I 
began using STANDARD FOOD I find that I 
can put on more flesh in the same time than 
I could before I began its use, and I find that 
it makes a better and finer finished animal, 
(the fat being more evenly distributed over 
the body,) and one that will bring a better 
price on the market. 

I have just sold a bunch of 18 head of year- 
ling steers in which the gain I got was very 
satisfactory to me. After weaning 
these calves at about six months 
old, I turned them into my feed, 
lot with some two-year-old steers, 
which I was feeding, their ration 
being crushed corn, with STAND- 
ARD FOOD sprinkled over it, 
twice a day. After I shipped 
out my two-year-olds, I weighed 
my yearlings. Their average 
weight at that time was 1,066 
pounds, and in 65 days their 
weight was 1,272 pounds, mak- 
ing a gain of 206 pounds in 65 
days. 

Their average age was 17 
months. 

Their average weight, Septem- 
ber 1st, was 1,066 pounds. 

Their average weight Novem- 
ber 4th was 1,272 pounds. 

Their average gain in 65 days 
was 206 pounds. 

I have bought 2,000 pounds 
more Fpod today for my future 
use. yours truly. 

John S. Fetzer. 



overlooked is the fact that chemical an- 
alysis alone does not tell the whole story. 

Other things are of equal importance 
if not greater. 

The crowded animal must have a va- 
riety of feeding stuffs and they must, 
above all things, be palatable, so that the 
cattle eat with a zest and relish. 

This is absolutely essential, or they will 
go "off-feed" and lose a half month's 
gain in a few days. 

So long as present conditions last, corn 
must make up the principal part of the 
beef-making ration. It is the most eco- 
nomical feed the cattleman can secure. 

But its ratio (1:10) is too wide. Alone it 
contains too much of the fat-forming food 
elements and not a sufficient quantity 
of protein. 

It must be "balanced" by some feed 
richer in protein, narrowed to from 1:6 
to 1:7. 

The successful feeder will use care and 
judgment in selecting the "trimmings" 
that go with his corn, using those feed- 
ing stuffs most economical and conven- 
ient in his particular locality. 

Corn with the clovers and especially 
with alfalfa hay, makes almost an ideal 
ration, when Standard Stock Food is fed 
regularly with it to keep up the animal's 
appetite and his digestive system in good 
working order. 

Thousands of cattle-feeders are turning 
off large bunches of finely finished steers 
with no other feed than corn and alfalfa 
or clover and Standard Stock Food. 

Many other feeders, however, find it 
economy to buy such concentrated feeds 
as linseed meal, cotton-seed meal, or glu- 
ten meal. They give variety to the ra- 
tion, as well as supply the needed protein. 

ROOTS.— Such roots as mangels, sugar 
beets and turnips may be used to great 
advantage in the fattening ration, for 
variety's, sake. 

In the West they are, however, seldom 




Part of a Hera Owned and Fed by Jolin S. Fetzer 
Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



24 



The Standard Feeder — Part T-wo 



employed, except by the general farmer. 

But there is no reason why the pro- 
fessional feeder should not grow root 
crops for steers. 

They are especially valuable, fed in 
connection with Standard Stock Food, 
during the early portion of the fattening 
period. 

At the finishing; period, too, they aid in 
slicking up the animal. They are almost 
always used in fitting animals for the 
show ring. 



SILAGE.— Silage is another feed not as 
yet fully appreciated by corn-belt feeders, 
many of whom regard it as too sloppy for 
the gentlemanly steer. 

Those who have used it, however, report 
good results. 

The steer may not take kindly to it at 
first, but with a sprinkling of his favorite 
Standard Stock Food, he finds it palata- 
ble and just as good for him as for his 
dairy sister. 

SALT,— Keep salt before the cattle at 




A Herd that Topped the Market for J. S. Northrop, Hubbell, Web. 



PLEASED WITH KESULTS. 

Hubbell, Neb., April 27, 1903. 

Gentlemen: The 24 head of cattle photo- 
graphed by your agent, Mr. Kennedy, were 
put in the feed lot Oct. 20, 1902. They 
weighed at that time an average of 1,040 lbs, 
They were fed three months on snapped corn 
and alfalfa hay. They were then fed one 
month on ear corn, alfalfa and Standard Food. 
The balance of the time they were fed shelled 
corn, Standard Food and alfalfa, until ten days 
before they were shipped, during which time 
they were fed wild hay in place of alfaUa 
hay. These cattle sold in Kansas City, April 
24th, at $5,20 per cwt., which was the top 
price at the market on that day. They 
weighed an average of 1,516 lbs, when sold. 

I was well pleased with the results of feed- 
ing Standard Food. 

Yours respectfully, 

J. S, Northrop, 



all times. 

Loose barrel salt is regarded by most 
feeders as more valuable than rock salt. 

A mixture of one part salt and two 
parts Standard Stock Food may be left 
in boxes in the sheds where it will be 
protected from the rain and snow, With 
good results. 

Stir up the salt boxes occasionally so 
that the salt will not cake. 

BULKY FOOD FOR STEERS.— The 
steer, like all ruminants, needs a bulky 
ration, both to distend the stomach and 
develop a bigger digestive space, and 
to give body to the ration that the ani- 
mal may ruminate. 

This makes necessary a certain amount 
of roughage in the feeding ration. 

Hay, straw and fodders are valuable, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



25 



then, in the feeding ration over and 
above their actual nutritive value as 
represented by their chemical analysis, 
and their importance in no case should 
be overlooked in compounding the ration. 
VARIETY IN THE RATION.— The fat- 
tening steer needs variety in his feeding 
ration, but the variety should not be 
made by making radical changes in the 
feed. 

That is, he should not have straight 
corn at one feeding and straight bran 
at the next. 

Mix them together. Give a variety to 
each day's ration. 

Toward the latter end 
of the feeding period, 
when the steer begins to 
eat with a flagging appe- 
tite, and is "nosey" about 
his feed, a dainty of 
some kind often may be 
profitably introduced, but 
it ought to be fed regu- 
larly after you once 
start in. 

This is not nearly so 
necessary when Standard 
Stock Food is fed regular- 
ly throughout the feed- 
ing period, as it keeps up 
the animal's appetite, 
and enables it to get 
away with the full ra- 
tion with relish. 

Mr. George Dinsdale, of Nance County, 
Neb., one of the most prominent and suc- 
cessful feeders in the state, feeds a daily 
ration to his steers when on full feed 
from 20 to 22 pounds of shelled corn, two 
pounds of oil-meal, two to three pounds 
of wheat, with one pound of Standard 
Stock Food to eight or ten head, and 
good corn stover and hay for roughage. 
Mr. Dinsdale has followed this ration 
for years. 

In the past ten years he- has fed more 

than 80,000 pounds of Standard Stock 

Food. 

He finds his methods pay— and pay big. 

He has no difficulty in making gains 

of 40O and 450 pounds on good grade 

steers, in a six months' feeding period, 

and tops the market the most of the 

time. 

To our mind the ideal fattening ration 



for steers for the farmer who has corn 
for the principal feed, is about 20 pounds 
of corn, 2 or 3 pounds of bran, a pound 
of Standard Stock Food to 8 or 10 head, 
and bright clover hay or alfalfa for 
roughage. 

We consider bran one of the most valu- 
able of all feeds for cattle, and unless its 
price is prohibitory it should be included 
in every ration. 

A sprinkling of oats may be added dur- 
ing the later part of the feeding period, 
to tempt further the animal. 

This is a ration which is narrow enough 




"SCALE TESTS SHQ-W EXTRA GAINS." 

St. Jamas, Neb., September 1, 1902. 

■Vour agent for this county, Mr, B. L. Dart, 
wished to know v hat I thought ol Standard 
Food, I having fed it through two feeding 
seasons. I made some scale tests the first 
season I used it, scaling the cattle each 30 days 
for 90 days, making a gain of 2% pounds per 
day the first 30 days and 3 '4 pounds the last 
30 days. The ones I did not feed it to made 
only 2 pounds per day on same feed, without 
riandard Fooa- 

I believe it pays to feed for the extra gain 
and finiih, anJ lave today givtii my order for 
&00 pounds for this winter's teed. 

Henry 'Wiechelman. 



Fed by Geo. Dinsdale, Palmer, ITeb. 

FED 10,000 Lbs. 
Milton, la., September 26, 1901. 

This is to certify that I have fed during the 
years 1399 and 1900 about 10,000 pounds of your 
Standard Food to my cattle that were fattened 
for the Chicago market, with very satisfactory 
results. 

I can cheerfully recommend Standard Food as 
a very valuable addition to the regular grain 
ration for getting the best results. 

I think cattle will feed with more uniformity, 
mature in a shorter period, and show a more 
superior finish than when fed the usual grain 
ration without the use of Standard Food. 

C. E. Bull. 

PROVED BY COMPARISON. 

Arcadia, Nebr., Feb. 22, 1904. 
I take pleasure in recommending Standard 
Stock Food for feeding to cattle and hogs. I 
know from experience that it pays to feed a 
good condimental stock food; it enables me to 
get a better gain on my stock and a superior 
finish. 

I fed Standard Food several years ago, and 
have used several kinds since. I prefer Stand- 
ard to any other. I have used 500 lbs. this 
winter and have ordered 100 lbs. more by mail 
to finish my feeding this season. 

Peter Christian. 

FIRST IN HIS NEIGHBORHOOD. 

Conway, la., Jan. 13, 1904. 
Have been feeding your Standard Stock Food 
for several years; have tried two other kinds 
of food and think your Food is the best. I 
feed it to cattle on summer teed on grass, also 
on winter feeding, to fattening hogs and some 
to stock hogs. It will well pay its cost to 
feed to calves or colts at weaning time, or 
8i!y other time thai I have tried it. I bought 
the first l.COO lbs. of Food sold in our neigh- 
borhood. I have been buying in 1,000 or 1,500 
lots of recent years of your agent, J. B. 
Dodge, of Bedford. G. 'W. Hough. 



26 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



in its nutritive ratio, to furnish ttie al- 
buminous properties required, and at the 
same time it is palatable, and that is the 
thing most to be desired in profitable 
feeding. 

Cotton Seed For Steers 

Unquestionably cotton seed and its by- 
products are of great value in beef-pro- 
duction, especially in those parts of the 
South where corn is not raised in large 
quantities. 

In many parts of the South beef is prof- 
itably produced without feeding a pound 
of corn, but under ordinary conditions 
better gains are made when the cotton 
seed is used in conjunction with corn. 

Cotton seed in all its forms is of an 
astringent nature and produces a slug- 
gish condition of the blood, which may be 
best prevented and corrected by the regu- 



This is probably due to the fact that 
the corn-and-cob meal is more easily and 
more thoroughly digested than pure corn 
meal. 

We use it in the early part of the fat- 
tening period, before the animal has laid 
on a large amount of internal fat and 
while he still needs a bulky ration. 

Standard Stock Food adds greatly to its 
palatableness, and facilitates its diges- 
tion. 

It is not easy grinding, but a good mill 
will reauce ea.x corn to proper fineness 
at a cost of about one and one-half cents 
a bushel. 

Soaking Corn For Steers 

Professor Henry recommends soaking 
corn for steers "under certain condi- 
tions." 

Secretary Coburn, in an investigation 
among Kansas feeders, found that those 




Good Stock Owned by 
A. J. Caltrider 



lar feeding of Standard Stock Food, 
which quickens the circulation and keeps 
the animal's entire system toned up to its 
best activity. 

It also is most valuable in keeping cat- 
tle fed on cotton seed meal from going 
"off-feed." 

CORN-AND-COB MEAL.-If corn is 
high in price we believe it pays to grind 
ear corn. 

It is true that there is very little nutri- 
tive value in the cob alone, but several 
of the experiment stations have shown 
that a pound of corn-and-cob meal has a 
feeding value equal to a pound of pure 
corn meal. 



SOME GOOD ONES, 

Safeside, Guthrie Co., la., Aug. 25, 1903. 

Gentlemen: I have made a fine feed with 
Standard Food on cattle, which proved very 
satisfactory to me. These cattle went on feed 
Nov. 24, 1902. I gave them a light ration of 
corn each day, gradually increasing it until 
they were on full feed Jan. 1, 1903. I began 
feeding them Standard Food Feb. 1, 1903. 

I bought the cattle Oct, 31st at a cost of 
$27.00 per head, and sold them, July 31, 1903, 
at $5,35 per cwt,, bringing me $1,111.54 net 
after all expenses were paid, on the market in 
Chicago. 

They had shelled corn from the cob of 1902 
and consider it a splendid feed for the quality 
of corn. I used for roughness threshed tim- 
othy straw. A. J. Caltrider, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



27 



who soaked the corn claimed an increase 
of 21 per cent, in its feeding value. 

It is, of course, not claimed that the 
soaking- adds anything to the nutritive 
value of the corn, but by rendering it 
softer it is more thoroughly masticated 
and less of it passes through the animal 
whole. 

The practice is especially valuable when 
the steers are followed by an insufflcient 
number of hogs. 

Getting On Full Ration 

THE SUCCESSFUL FEEDER 
WASTES NO TIME, BUT HE MAKES 
HASTE SLOWLY.— Don't forget that. 

It is the secret of successful feeding. 

The novice will often attempt to get his 
steers on full feed in two weeks. 

The old, experienced hand at the busi- 
ness will often take two months. 

The more carefully the feeding ration 
is increased at the start, the bigger the 
gain at the end of the fattening period. 

The more carefully the ration is in- 
creased, the more evenly will the bunch 
finish. 

This is especially true of range steers. 



A GOOD SEASON 

Carroll, Iowa, November 8, 1897. 

Gentlemen; The following figures are the re- 
sults of my cattle feeding this season: 

Number of cattle fed, 320 head. Average 
weight in South Omaha, 956 pounds. 

They were a mixed lot of western branded 
cattle ; some were from Wyoming and some 
were California cattle, shipped from Reno, 
Nevada. 

They were bought at different times. The 
average date was about March 20th. They 
were roughed from that time till May 1st, when 
I divided them and put them on grass, and also 
fed them a light feed of corn. They commenced 
to go on full feed July 10th, and from that 
time until August 15th their corn ration was 
increased from 14 to 26 pounds per day. 

During the entire feed they ate 24,000 bushels 
of corn. Half of this was of the crop of 
1896, on which there was a large shrinkage. 
The balance was of the crop of 1895, and was 
good corn, I also fed 7,500 pounds of Standara 
Food and twenty-nine tons of oil meal. 

The first lot of 99 head was sold October 
7th. Average weight, 1,425 pounds; price, $4.96. 
The second lot was sold October 13th, 105 
head; average weight, 1,340 pounds; price, 
$4.90. The third lot, the lot you photographed, 
were sold October 27th; average weight, five 
cars, 1,515 pounds; price, $5.00. Two cars of 
"stags," average weight, 1,460 pounds; price, 
$4.40. 

The average weight of the lot was 1,427 
pounds, making an average gain during the 




One of the Many Fine Herds Fed by C. A. Daniel 



The average Western steer doesn't 
know what corn tastes like until he is 
turned into the feed lot. 

His stomach and digestive system is ad- 
justed to a ration of grass. 

It takes time for the re-adjustment. 

C. A. Daniel of Carroll County, Iowa, 
who has been a successful feeder for 



whole period of 471 pounds per head. When 
the second lot was sold there was a lot of 
western branded cattle on the same market. 
They were heavier than mine, and sold for 
$4.75 — 15 cents per 100 pounds less than mine. 
When the third lot was sold there were western 
cattle of same weight, or heavier, oil-meal fed, 
and fed longer, which sold for $4.60. 
Yours truly, 

C. A. Daniel. 



Standard Stock FooH — It IVIakes Stock Thrive 



28 



The Standard Feeder — Part Two 



twenty-five years, and an enthusiastic 
user of Standard Stock Food for 10 years, 
starts his Western steers with just a taste 
of corn sprinkled with Standard Stock 
Food for the first few days. He puts 
just a handful in the bunks for each 
steer. 

They nose it over and eat a little of it 
the first day. 

Mr. Daniel is careful to clean out the 
bunk afterwards so that none of it may 
be left. 

In a day or two he begins feeding a 



increases it in the two months to a 
pound to 8 or 10 head. 

The result is that his bunch of steers 
eat evenly and gain evenly. 

It takes two months to get them on full 
ration, but they get there in good shape 
and he holds them there. 

Mr. Richard Blaco of Washington Coun- 
ty, Neb., another 10-year feeder of Stand- 
ard Stock Food, pursues much the same 
plan in increasing the ration. 

And he has uniformly good results. 

There is never a very big tail to Blaco's 




Fed Standard Food by 
William Firoved. 



half pound for each steer, increasing one- 
half pound daily until the ration at the 
end of the month is up to 14 or 15 pounds. 

Then he increases only a quarter of a 
pound a day for the next month or so, 
until he gets the ration up to 25 or 26 
pounds. 

He starts with a pound of Standard 
Stock Food to 30 or 40 head and gradually 



A FINE HERD. 
Honmouth, 111., Sept. 12, 1903. 

Gentlemen: I have been using your Stand- 
ard Stock Food with very satisfactory results. 
I never fed a bunch' of cattle that cleaned up 
their feed so well or kept on a more even ap- 
petite. Its value as an appetizer alone in keep- 
ing stock up on a strong, full, even feed is 
worth many times its cost. So little of it be- 
ing required at a feed makes the cost very 
light. I find stock get more out of what they 
eat, eat and drink more and finish nicer. 

I also consider it very profitable for hogs that 
follow cattle and I cheerfully recommend its 
use to all stock men. I am. yours truly, 

William Firoved, 



bunch of steers. 

They continue to make profitable gains 
to the very end. 

Holding on Full Ration 

What we have said about making haste 
slowly in increasing the ration has Im- 
portant bearing on keeping the steer on 
full feed. 

The ideal feeder gets the steer up to his 
full capacity gradually and carefully, and 
then holds him there. 

Regularity in feeding, a proper variety 
of feed in each ration, no sudden changes 
in the ration, the introduction of any new 
feed into the ration, gradually. — these 

"NEVER HAD CATTLE DO BETTER." 
Orient, la., Anril 9, 1902. 
Three years ago I bought and fed 500 pounds 
of Standard Food. I then tried 500 pounds 
each of other stock foods and have gone back 
to the Standard again and intend to stay there. 
I would rather get the Standard and pay for it 
than feed the other foods at any price. 

I now have about 40 steers and two loads of 
hogs in lot now on Standard and they are do- 
ing fine. Never had cattle do better, 

W. E. Pence, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



29 



have much to do with keeping the steer 
from going "off-feed." 

But of equal importance with the high- 
fed animal is seeing that he has a palata- 
ble feed. 

Give him something he likes. 

Nothing in the world will so tempt his 
appetite and make him eat with relish 
and zest as Standard Stock Pood. 

It has solved the olT-feed problem for 
thousands of the best feeders in the coun- 
try. 

We have known Mr. Daniel of Carroll 
County, Iowa, to hold his steers on a 26- 
pound corn ratio while on pasture in the 
hot, dry weather of July and August. 

He had Standard Stock Food to help 
him. 

And Standard Stock Food makes stock 
thrive. 

It will do the same thing for your stock. 

And don't think that any Stock Food 
you chance to have offered you will an- 
swer the purpose just as well. 

No other stock food contains such valu- 
able ingredients. 

No other stock food is so well made. 

No other stock food will do your stock 
so much good. 

It is the Standard. 

It makes stock thrive. 

The Bane of Cattle Feeding 

SCOURING.— Scouring has well been 
called "the bane of cattle feeding." 

Let the steer start to 
scour and he'll lose in 
one day more than he will 
gain in ten good days. 

You'll see the effects of 
it to the end of the feed- 
ing period. 

It is usually caused by 
bad feeding — either over- 
feeding, an irregular ra- 
tion or a bad combina- 
tion. 

Standard Stock Food, by 
aiding the process of di- 
gestion, helps to prevent 
scouring, but it cannot 
wholly overcome the bad 
effects of Injudicious feed- 
ing, unless the causes are 
removed. 

Especially in getting the 
animal on "a full ration is 
it necessaryto avoid over- 
feedin.s. 



If steers begin to scour the most impor- 
tant thing is to lessen the feeding ration 
at once. 

Turning to Grass 

Fattening steers should be turned upon 
grass with due caution. 

It is not advisable to attempt to put 
upon grass steers that have been on full 
dry feed and expect them to continue to 
gain. 

When cattle are once on full feed they 
should be pushed to a finish in the feed 
lot as soon as possible. 



A BIG FEEDER'S OPINION 

Carson, Iowa, June 4, 1903. 

Gentlemen: Your agent wishes to know 
what I think of Standard Food. 

I bought 30 head of cattle last fall, paying 
4V2 cents for them in Omaha. They averaged 
946 lbs. I grassed them with 17 head of my 
own that averaged the same, until the first of 
December, when they went on full feed of 
corn. I fed snap corn until January 1st, then 
shell corn and a ration of Standard Stock 
Food and timothy hay. I have sold the cattle 
for $75.55 a head, to go by the 8th of June. 
I am satisfied that I have made a good gain, 
I never miss a feed without the Food. 
The extra finish on the cattle when they go 
on the market will pay for the Food. 

In the last year and a half I fattened and 
sold $4,700.00 worth of hogs. I consider I am 
well paid for the food I fed them. I sold al- 
most all of them for top prices. I think I 




i^attened by Jas. Fender 



SURPRISED AT RESULTS. 

Baldwin, Kas., April 30, 1901. 
This will certify I have fed 800 pounds of 
Standard Food, mostly to fattening cattle witn 
very satisfactory results. I fed two different 
lots of cattle during the fall and winter and I 
was surprised at the heavy increase in weight 
and also In the high price at which they sold. 
I am well satisfied with my experience in 
feeding Standard Food and shall continue to 
use it in fattening cattle. 

A. M. Jardon. 



never had better luck raising pigs than I have 
had this year after feeding the Food. I be- 
lieve I beat the record raising pigs in this 
neighborhood, as every sow averaged eight 
pigs. They were also young sows. I bought 
3,500 lbs. of Standard Stock Food. I raised 
something over 300 Durock Jersey pigs, and 
have lost very few pigs considering the wet 
season. I am well pleased with the Food and 
shall continue to use it. 

Yours truly, 

Jas. Fender, 



30 



The Standard Feeder — Part T-wo 





^ ' ■ ^''siiMMBi^ 


^^^||BfflHHHH|H^&HH^3HHBL»i 


^K 




HBSHI^ ^- 




il^^^^P''^^^'4£L'^9Hft •'"' si 


/ J^--,'^, . ' . .„ '*"WM - "'i"l"l^^^^v— ^— MB— — 1 



Owned and Fed by W. H. Armstrong (see below) 



It will not do to make a radical change 
in the ration. 

With steers just started it is sometimes 
profitable to turn them to grass, but it is 
best to continue the grain ration for at 
least a month, gradually tapering it off. 

Some feeders keep up a grain ration 
even on full grass, but the consensus of 
opinion among Weetern feeders seems to 
be that steers will not make sufficient 
extra gain from a grain ration to justif.v 
its use. 

Standard Stock Food should be contin- 
ued with the grain ration as long as it is 
fed, and after the grain ration is 
stopped a mixture of 1 part salt to two 
parts Standard Stock Food should be al- 
ways before the cattle. 

Keep the mixture protected from rain. 

Many feeders of Standard Stock Food 
depend upon this mixture to prevent 
bloating in stock turned upon wet, heavy 
clover. 

Steers on Corn Stalks 

A good feed for steers when preparing 
for full feed is corn-fodder— the stalks 
with the ears on. 

Corn stalks with well cured, bright 
leaves is a most valuable roughage, not 
fully appreciated by the average feeder. 

It is much more valuable cut and cured 
and fed in the feeding lot than when left 
standing in the fields. 

But where the feeder has an abundance 
of corn land he cannot always afford to 



cut all his corn, and the standing stalks 
may be utilized with profit by turning the 
steers upon the field. 

A common danger is from impaction of 
the stomach. 

This danger is greatly lessened by keep- 
ing the cattle's digestive system in good 
order by the use of Standard Stock Food. 

The mixture of one part salt and two 
parts Standard Stock Food, referred to 
above, has been used by many successful 
feeders with uniform good results. 

Finish 

By "finish" we mean the general ap- 
pearance of the animal at the close of 
the fattening period. 

We are apt to tell our daughters when 
they begin to show their little womanly 
vanity, that beauty is only skin deep. 

PREFERS THE STANDARD. 

Berea, Iowa, 

Gentlemen: I have fed 100 head of cattle the 
past winter on Standard Food with good satis- 
faction. My cattle ate with a good appetite all 
through the feeding period, and digested their 
corn in good condition. 

I have fed oil meal and now I prefer Stand- 
ard Food, as it is much easier to feed and the 
results are just as good or better. 

My cattle weighed 850 pounds Sept. 1st, 1899. 
were put on feed Nov. 7th, and on full feed in 
February. They weie-hed in Chicago, 1,3b7 
pounds, June 27th, 1900. I paid $4.50 for these 
cattle in Omaha and sold for $5.40 in Chicago, 
with $5.50 the tops that day. 

I am well satisfied with the Food and will 
recommend it to any experienced feeder. 

W. H. Armstrong. 



Standard Stock Food — It IVIakes Stock Thrive 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



di 



It isn't true in the case of the beef- 
steer. 

For while a fine finish is of no special 
value in itself, it is universally taken to 
mean a great deal. 

■An improvement in the condition out- 
side indicates a corresponding improve- 
ment on the inside. 

The steer that tops the market must be 
straight all over, with no thick, patchy 
fat anywhere. 

The flesh on him must be evenly dis- 
tributed. 

Tie must be well rounded, with broad 
flanks and good hams. 

His coat must be glossy, and he must 
not be dull nor stupid. 

He must be ripe as a cherry. 

It is right here that Standard Stock 
Food does its best work. 

It not only helps the animal lay on 
more flesh, but It gives him a finish he 
couldn't get in any other way. 

It is a daily occurrence for a feeder of 
Standard Stock Food to go to market 
with steers that weigh 50 pounds more 
than his neighbor's and because of their 



better finish to command 15 cents a hun- 
dred more. 

It's a fattener and a finisher. 

It pays for itself a dozen times. 

It makes stock thrive. 

The buyers of beef cattle base their 
prices on the average percentage of 
dressed beef from a steer. 

If the appearance of a steer indicates 
that it will dress one or two or three 
per cent, higher the buyer offers just that 
much more for the steer. 

That's the value of finirh to the feeder. 

Hogs Follc-wing Steers 

The profits of almost every modern 
business, especially in times of fierce 
competition, come largely from the by- 
products — the extras that once were con- 
sidered wastes. 

In the dairy, a large part of the profit 
comes from the skim milk. 

At the stock yards it comes from the 
horn and hoof and hides. 

In fattening cattle a large part of It 
comes from the droppings. 

Many careful farmers who utilize the 




Residence of J. B. Dowell 



NEVER OFF FEED. 

Decatur, Neb., Jan. 6, 1903. 
To those interested in cattle feeding, I wish 
to say that I have fed Standard Food for the 
past three months. Am well pleased with re- 
sults. Cattle have held straight to corn, with- 
out a steer getting off feed. My cattle are 
small, but are eating nearly one-half bushel 
of corn per day, and it is well digested. 

C. L. Moore. 

IT DOES THE "WORK. 

Mead, Neb., May 1, 1901. 
This is the first year that I have fed Stand- 
ard Food. My neighbors that had used it spoke 
£0 highly of it in the way of their cattle di- 
gesting their grain, also of its shortening the 
feeding period, that I thought I would try it. 
1 found it as they had represented it and am 
well pleased with the results obtained from 
feeding the Food, Am feeding to my hogs with 
good r>)sults. B. Nelson. 



A VALTTABLE ADDITION. 

Bedford, la., Sept. 19, 1904, 

Mr. J, B. Dodge has asked me what I 
thought of Standard Food as an addition to 
the grain ration. In reply will say I put 
22 yearling steers and heifers in feed lot the 
1st of Dec, 1903, and fed them to May 26th, 
when I shipped them to Chicago. They aver- 
aged about 600 lbs. when I started to feed 
them and weighed in Chicago 984 lbs. 

These cattle were Aberdeen Angus, high 
grade, which I think a good gain considering 
the cold, wet winter they were fed in. These 
cattle were sold at $4.95 on a low market. 
They shipped well with light shrinkage. 
Think Standard Food properly fed is a val- 
uable addition to the grain ration and believe 
it pays to feed it to stock when feeding or 
at any other time I have fed it to them. 
Respectfully, 

John B. Dowell. 



32 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



manure from the feed yards to their full 
advantage estimate that it alone pays 
for all the time and labor involved in the 
feeding and care of the cattle. 

If the fertilizing elements contained in 
the droppings from a bunch of steers 
were purchased in commercial fertilizers 
they would cost an amount equal to 6 or 
7 cents a day for each steer fed. 

That's worth taking into account. 

But the greatest profit comes from the 



That's why hogs following Standard 
Stock Food fed steers are always in a 
thrifty, healthy condition. 

Standard Stock Food makes stock 
thrive. 

Preparing For Shipment 

The Breeders' Gazette advises reducing 
the grain ration one-half for two or three 
days before shipping steers to market, 
giving in the meantime all the hay the 




"Standard" Cattle Owned by J. S. Null 



hogs, which now universally follow the 
steers in the feed lot. 

From 10 per cent, to 15 per cent, of the 
whole corn fed steers passes through the 
animal unmasticated and undigested. 

It's a dead waste if the hogs do not 
get it. 

In addition to this there is a large per- 
centage that has been masticated and 
still is only partly digested. 

The hogs get a part of that, too. 

They also get any unused active princi- 
pal of the Standard Stock Food fed the 
steers. 



CATTLE DID FINE. 

Monteith, la., Nov. 5, 1902, 
I have been feeding Standard Food for sixty 
days. I can say that I never had cattle ao 
better. While I have not made a practical 
test of the Food, yet am satisfied that I have 
received good results so far, and have this day 
purchased of your agent 500 pounds more of 
it to finish up my season's feeding, and I am 
going to make a practical test of it. 

J. P. Horton. 



AS USUAL. 

Spring Hill, Kansas. 
Gentlemen: These cattle were purchased in 
Kansas City, Nov. 16, 1900, at $4.20 per cwt. 
and weighed 1,102 lbs. per head. They were 
fed ear corn the first ninety days, and finished 
on shelled corn. On January 31, 1901, I pur- 
chased 550 lbs. of Standard Food, which I fed 
until cattle were sold in Kansas City, May 13, 
1901, at $5.30 per cwt,, averaging 1,472 lbs. 
From the time I began using Standard Food, 
my cattle ate with better appetite, their di- 
gestion was good; no scouring, and the finish 
was excellent. J. S. Null. 

FIGURE THE TIME AND GAIN. 

Brock, Neb., Sept. 26, 1900. 

I wish to tell you what I think of your 
Standard Food for cattle feeding. I put 78 
head of two year old steers on full feed, on 
grass, May 3, 1900. They weighed on that date 
813 pounds. August 11th, they weighed 1,117 
pounds; a gain of 304 pounds per head. I fed 
Standard Food and shelled corn and I kni)w that 
it pays to feed Standard Food for extra gains 
in weight and finish. F, E. Keith. 

P. S. — These cattle were on dry feed for 28 
days on account of high water overflowing pas- 
ture. 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



ship- 
Stock 



animal will eat. Foi- feeding in transit, 
John Clay, Jr., says nothing equals good, 
sweet hay, which excels grain because it 
is more easily digested and does not fever 
the animal. "The secret of shipping all 
classes of cattle is to place them on the 
cars full of food, with as little moisture 
as possible. A steer full of water is apt 
to have loose bowels and show up at the 
yards badly." 

SHRINKAGE IN SHIPMENT.— There 
is a great difference in the shrinkage 
which different cattle show in shipment. 

A well-flnished steer, well rounded out 
with good, solid flesh, ' will shrink less 
than a loose, flabby steer. 

The temperament and disposition of the 
animal also has much to do with the 
shrinkage. A nervous, excitable animal 
will lose more than a mild-eyed, gentle 
creature who takes tlie world as he 
linds it. 

It is the universal finding of big 
pers that cattle fed on Standntd 
Food show less loss in shipment ihan cat- 
tle not so finished. 

There are two reasons 
for it. 

Standard Stock Food 
fed cattle always have a 
better finish than they 
would have had without 
it. 

They have had fewer 
back-sets; they have been 
off - feed fewer times; 
they are firmer and 
rounder; they are in 
every way in better con- 
dition to stand the trip. 

Then, they are less wild 
and nervous. 

That's a most impor- 
tant feature of cattle 
feeding. 

It is an important feat- 
ure of dealing with any 
animal. 

Animal trainers recog- 
nize it. 

They study the ani- 
mal's likes an^l dislikes. 

They cater to the animal's whims. 

Take a bunch of wild range cattle- 
steers that the feeder won't venture near 
on foot. 

Start them on a Standard Stock Food 



GOT AN EXTRA 25C PER CWT. 

Prairie Centre. Kas. 
I. the undersigned, fed 25 head of steers. I 
bought them in Kansas City, October 11, 1900, 
and gave them their first full feed November 2, 
1900, and fed snapped corn until December, 
then changed to shelled corn and fed Standard 
Food from December 21st until sold. Weighed 
them April 2, 1901, when they weighed 1,540 
pounds and sold in Kansas City for $5.15, giv- 
ing me $1.50 advance over cost price. These 
cattle weighed when bought 1,033 pounds and 
I am confident I got 25 cents more on the hun- 
dred pounds by feeding Standard Food. 

T. -W. Oshel, Jr. 



ration, and in a few weeks they are as 
mild and gentle as a farm-raised steer. 

They like their ration. It is palatable. 
They begin to think they have struck 
Easy street, and, instead of trying to 
stampede into the next county, they set- 
tle down to easy living and chew the cud 
of contentment. 

And they wax fat and prosper. 

All this has an important bearing on 
their condition at the finish. 

Continue Standard Stock Food in the 
ration on the train. 

Not too much of it— just enough to 

WILL FEED IT A LONG, LONG TIME. 
Bellevue, Kas., January 26, 1900. 

On September 15th I put 102 native steers 
on feed. October 12, commenced feeding Stand- 
and Food, and after having them on the Food 
ten days, could see a marked difference in 
them. After feeding 100 days, shipped one 
load; in fourteen aays more, two loads, a. .a 
topped the market both times. Fourteen days 
later tails bror.ght $5.25. 

I think I got good results from the Food, and 
will continue its use until I find something bet- 
ter. B. R. Paschall. 




Fed by S. J. Pester 

WILL ALWAYS USE IT. 

I put 28 head of cattle in yard on Nov. 1st. 
They weighed 586 lbs. when I put thera in, 
Your agent, S. F, Donisthorpe, came to me 
in December to sell me Standard Food, but 
I did not buy any the first time. Then he 
came again Dec. 31st and I bought 500 lbs. 
of Standard Food. 

The cattle had not been doing very well at 
that time but soon after I commenced feeding 
the Food they ate better, felt better and di- 
gested their food better and began to im- 
prove. I fed them until the middle of April 
and then sold them. They averaged 933 lbs., 
making a gain of 347 lbs. 

I have fed cattle for 16 years and this is 
the first time I ever fed any Food, but I am 
so well pleased with the results that I shall 
never feed again without Standard Food, 

S. J. Pester. 



34 



The Standard F'eecler — Part Two 



make the feed palatable so they will not 
miss it. 

It makes stock thrive. 

And they'll arrive at the yards in extra 
condition. 

Cost of Beef Production 

The cost of making a pound of gain 
on a fattening steer varies according to 
the section of the country in which the 
feeding is done, the kind and price of the 
feed stuffs furnished, the kind of ani- 
mals fed, and the skill of the feeder. 

Another important thing which affects 
the cost of beef making is the length of 
the fattening period and the age of the 
animals fed. 



for market range from 1,200 to 1,500 
pounds in weight. 

Big steers are no longer needed nor 
wanted. The small sizes are the best. 

Those with plenty of quality, whose age 
is counted in months instead of years, 
are most desirable from the standpoint 
of the buyer and most profitable from 
that of the feeder. 

The average feeder who buys his feed- 
ing steers usually figures, with corn and 
other feeds at normal prices, that he 
needs a spread of one dollar or more per 
hundred pounds, between the price he 
pays for his feeders and the price he re- 
ceives for them on the market, in order 
to return him a profit. 



r:. •>'**^; 






.I*..' at-"* 









A Barn Yard Scene on W. H. Graver's Farm 



Carefully conducted experiments have 
shown that the cost of beef production in 
a six months' feeding period is increased 
from 35 per cent, to 40 per cent, over the 
cost shown in a sixty-day feeding period, 
and that the cost gradually increases as 
the feeding period is extended in length, 
until the cost equals the returns. 

The cost of producing gain may be fig- 
ured at about twice as much during 
the second year of age as the first, and 
for the third year it is about three times 
the cost of the first year. 

These are important facts to consider 
in beef-making, for if the farmer's grain 
will produce 50 per cent, to 150 per cent, 
more "baby beef," then he should, to 
make the greatest profit, place his ani- 
mals on the market at as early a date 
as possible, other things being equal. 

In the corn belt, where the cost of pro- 
ducing beef is lowest, 100 pounds of gain 
varies in cost according to conditions and 
price of feed from $5.00 to $10.00. 

The most desirable steers when ready 



WAY AHEAD OF OTHERS. 

Brock, Nebr., August 26, 1904. 

To Whom It May Concern: I have fed 
Standard Stock Food for thirteen years as 
well as several other foods and consider it 
among the best of foods and much better re- 
sults can be obtained than from many of the 
so-called stock foods on the market today. 

I can recommend Standard Stock Food as 
a conditioner, appetizer and a saver of grain, 
when properly fed. 

It requires less food and is more effective 
in results than many other less concentrated 
foods. Yours sincerely, 

W. H. Graver. 
MADE MONEY. 
Haddam, Kas., June 6. 1901. 

This is to certify that I fed Standard Food 
to a bunch of 40 cattle last winter, and I feel 
that Standard Food helped me on my feet. Had 
I lost money on this feed it would have crip- 
pled me financially. In place of losing money 
I made money both on my cattle and hogs. 

My hogs sold at the top price the day they 
were on the market, bringing $6.22V2 per cwt. 
on April 3rd of this year, 

I believe that Standard Food made me two 
dollars for every dollar invested. When I feed 
again I shall use it, as it has made me money. 

I have received the kindest treatment from 
your agents, W, G. Allen, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



35 



The losses which many feeders have 
suffered during the past few years have 
been because tlie prices received at mar- 
ket time have been little, if any, in ad- 
vance of the prices paid at the start. 

If feeders, under such conditions, would 
pay less attention to market quotations 
and devote their time and skill to get- 
ting results in quality and quantity, with 
good rations, good care and Standard 
Stock Food, the losses would be wiped 
out in most cases and the balance would 
be on the other side of the ledger, because 
conditions are, indeed, upset when good 
cattle, properly fed and finished, will not 
return the feeder at least a fair per- 
centage of profit. 

Market Terms 

Prof. Mumford has recently called at- 
tention to the tremendous advantage to 
the cattle feeder in understanding with 
greater precision the use of market 
terms. If feeders have a clearer con- 
ception of market demands, they will be 
able to work with a more definite aim in 
the production of beef. 

It should be understood that the name 
of the class to which a beef animal be- 
longs refers to the use to which the ani- 
mal is put. 



The classes of cattle are: 
Beef, 

Butchers' Stock, 
Cutters and Canners, 
Stockers, 
Feeders, 
Veal calves. 
The names of grades within each class 
describe the degi-ees of conformity to the 
standard of that class. 

Thus the grades of stockers and feeders 
are: 

Fancy, selected, choice, good, medium, 
common and inferior. 

The use of the terms "fair," "poor," 
"extra" and the like is to be discouraged 
because of their indefinite nature. 

Why Feed Standard Stock Food? 

There is really only one reason why 
you should feed Standard Stock Food 
with the fattening ration of your steers: 

IT WILL PAY YOU. 

It makes stock thrive. 

It will increase your profits; it will 
make money for you. 

But there are a hundred reasons why 
Standard Stock Food pays you— a dozen 
ways in which it helps the animal. 

We have shown you that it increases 




A Buncti of Profitable Feeders Fed by Jobn Bornhof t 



BETTER AND CHEAPER. 

West Side, Iowa, January 20, 1900. 

Gentlemen: I wish to give you the figures 
as to the gain, etc., of my cattle, which I 
have just shipped out and to which I fed 
STANDARD FOOD. 

These cattle, 38 head, were bought in South 
Omaha August 22d. At that time their aver- 
age weight was 883 pounds, and they cost me 
$4.70 at West Side. I fed them 131 days, and 
their ration was crushed ear-corn and timothy 
hay with the regular ration of STANDARD 
FOOD once a day. During the time that they 
were fed they gained 351 pounds. I shipped 
them to Chicago, where they sold for $6.00 
per hundred pound^i 



I am well satisfied with the results that I 
got from STANDARD FOOD. I always fed 
oil-meal to my cattle before, but it is my ex- 
perience that STANDARD FOOD gives much 
better results and is cheaper to feed than oil- 
meal. Yours truly, 

John Bornhoft. 

38 steers cost $41.50 per head, equal 
to $1,577.00 

Fed 131 days, and sold at $74.04 per 
head 2,813.52 

Gross profit $1,236.52 

Gain, 351 pounds in 131 days— 2 7-10 
pounds per day. 



36 



The Standard Feeder — Part Two 



the palatableness of the feeding ration, 
making the animal eat better and with 
keener appetite. 

We have shown that it increases the 
flow of the digestive juices, making the 
work of digestion more easy and more 
thorough so that the animal gets more 
good out of the feed you feed. 

We have shown you that it quickens 



pounds is wasted— passes througli the ani- 
mal's body undigested, and 8 pounds is 
turned into beef, making a daily gain in 
weight of 2 pounds. 

Now, we add Standard Stock Food to 
the ration. 

The animal likes it, and eats with a 
keen appetite. 

It excites the flow of saliva in the mouth 




A Herd Fattenedby P. G. Hooper, Belvne, Kan. 



the circulation of the blood, makes the 
passage of the nutritive elements of the 
ration from the digestive canal into the 
animal's system more easy and more 
thorough, and aids in its better distribu- 
tion throughout the entire body, giving a 
better, riper finish, more vigor and vital- 
ity and improving the condition in every 
way. 

It is real economy In the feed lot, be- 
cause it does make the feed you feed go 
farther. 

It decreases the food of support (or the 
maintenance ration) and adds the amount 
saved to the profit end of the ration. 

To illustrate, we will suppose that you 
are feeding a steer on full feed a ration 
of 24 pounds of corn or its equivalent. 

Of this ration 10 pounds, we'll say, goes 
to maintain the animal, without gain— 
what is termed the "maintenance ration." 

The other 14 pounds make up the profit 
and the waste. 

We'll suppose that 6 pounds of this 14 



and of all the digestive juices of the 
stomach and intestines. 

REGRETS HIS DELAY. 

The F. E. Sanborn Company, 

I bought these cattle (20 head) in Kansas 
City, March 5, 1899, at an average weight of 
1,078 lbs. I fed ground corn and cotton-seed 
meal until the last 30 days, when I fed Stand- 
ard Food, I shipped them June 29th and they 
made a net gain of 230 lbs. per head and sold 
at a very satisfactory price. I am satisfied 
that if I had begun feeding Standard Food 30 
to 60 days sooner I would have realized a bet- 
ter profit. I would like to say to any stock 
raiser that there is no better food for fatten- 
ing cattle than Standard Food. 

P. G. Hooper. 

NOTHING CAN REPLACE THE STANDARD. 
Dodge, Nebr., Apr. 23, 1904. 

I bought 17 head of steers in Dodge, Oct. 
22nd. They averaged 1,114 lbs. The first 60 
days I fed snapped corn, the balance of the 
time shelled corn and timothy hay. The 18th 
of April they weighed, in Dodge, an average 
of 1,580 lbs. These cattle ate 200 lbs. of 
Stock Food. I think this was a good gain. 

I sold these cattle in Dodge for $4.85 per 
hundred. Otto Forney, 



Standard Stock Food -It Makes Stock Thrive 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



37 




Views on Cbrist Gaibler's Farm 



The ration is better digested. 

The animal gets more good out of it. 

So instead of 10 pounds being required 
simply to maintain the animal, 9 pounds 
do the work. 

That leaves 15 pounds of the 24 for 
profit and waste. 

Being better digested and more thor- 
oughly assimilated the waste is cut down. 

Instead of 6 pounds passing through the 
body unassimilated only 5 pounds is 
wasted. 

That leaves 10 pounds for profit— 10 
pounds to turn into beef instead of 8 
pounds. 

The steer makes a gain of two and a 
half pounds daily, instead of a gain of 
only two pounds. 

Standard Stock Food has increased your 
profits 25 per cent. 

It does make the feed you feed go 
farther. 

The figures given are, of course, only 
hypothetical, but they illustrate perfectly 
our claim for Standard Stock Food. 

We do not claim that Standard Stock 
Food will get all the good out of your 
feeding ration. 

We only claim that it helps the animal 
get more. 

And he only has to get a little more to 
make it count big in your profits, for 
whatever he gets is all clear gain. 

The Extra Profit From Feeding Stand- 
ard Stock Food 

In feeding Standard Stock Food to fat- 
ten cattle it is safe to count on making 
100 per cent, on the money invested in 
the Food, and frequently you will get 
two or more times that. 

And at the same time it reduces the 



THIRTY CALVES. 
Eustis, Nebr., Aug. 7, 1904. 

Gentlemen: I think by the time my letter 
reaches you, you will have received the photo- 
graphs of my premises taken by Mr. Wagner. 

I have 65 head of cattle and 90 head of 
hogs. In the year 1902 I sold $502.00 worth 
of cream from 13 cows. Last year from 18 
cows I sold $607.00 worth of cream. 

About my calves I will say that I raise 
them on separator milk and Standard Food. 
It is hard work to raise them this way but 
when my calves are a year old I will put 
them up against any others. I sold 4 calves 
last fall not quite a year old which weighed 
2,510 lbs. 

About your Standard Food I will say it pays 
well to feed it to any kind of stock. I have 
run out several times during the winter and 
I could tell it right away on my cows. The 
test ran down at once. 

I think my ho?s did pretty well last winter 
considering the kind of corn we had last year. 
I sold 30 head last March which were seven 
months old that averaged 235 lbs. 
Yoiu-3 respectfully, 

Christ Gaibler. 

EXTRA GAIN, 24 LBS. PER MONTH. 

Inland, Neb., November 29, 1899. 

On October 29th, after having fed my cat- 
tle a short time, I weighed them and they 
averaged 841 pounds. I fed them all the 
snapped corn they could clean up, with 1-8 
pound per head of Standard Food, and on 
weighing them again November 29th, their aver- 
age weight was 925 pounds — a gain of 84 
pounds, or 2 4-5 pouads per head per day, 

I figure that all of the gain above 2 pounds 
per day per head, amounting to 4-5 of a pound, 
is due to feeding Standard Food, and give the 
credit for the extra gain to feeding the Food. 

While feeding Standard Food, my cattle ate 
their feed regularly and evenly, and none of 
them scoured. The hogs running after the cat- 
tle have done remarkably well — better than I 
ever had hogs do before. 

I am well pleased with my feed on Standard 
Food. " William Gallentine, 



Standard Stock Food— It IMakes Stock Thrive 



38 



The Standard Feeder — Part Two 



troubles and worries of the fattening 
period. 

Here are tlie figures on a car load of 20 
steers, fed for six months, average weight 
1,000 pounds: 

Average gain per month 60 pounds 

Total gain 360 pounds 

Weight at selling 1,360 pounds 

Selling price $5.00 per cwt. 

Average price per head $68.00 

Steers of the same quality fed at the 
same time, under similar conditions, with 
the same ration to which Standard Stock 
Food is added, will show; 

Average weight 1,000 pounds 

Average gain per month 70 pounds 

Total gain 420 pounds 

Average weight at selling 1,420 pounds 

Selling price $5.20 per cwt. 

Average price per head $73.84 

Here is a net gain of $5.84 for each steer 
—a total of $116.80 on the bunch. During 
the six months' feeding period the 20 
steers will have consumed 380 pounds of 
Standard Stock Food in addition to their 
regular ration, costing $38.00. 



Deducting this $38.00 from the extra 
gain of $116.80, we have a net profit of 
$78.80 on an investment of $38.00. 

That's more than 200 per cent. 

The Price of Standard Stock Food 

The price of Standard Stock Food is 
right. 

It is high enough to enable us to put 
into it the best things in the right pro- 
portions to get the best results. 

We make it as good as we know how. 

"We couldn't make it any better at any 
price. 

It is low enough that the cost of feed- 
ing it is almost lost sight of in compari- 
son with the returns received. 

It costs one cent a day or less to feed 
it to a fattening steer. 

This is as low as the cost of feeding 
any other Stock Food, and twice as low 
as the cost of feeding some stock foods 




Owned and Fed by 
J. F. Aitcherson 



A BIG ITEM. 

Earlham, la.. May 22, 1903. 

Gentlemen: I have made one of the best 
feeds this winter that I ever made on two 
cars of cattle I put on feed Dec. 1, 1902. I 
put them on Standard Food Dec. 8th, and I 
never had cattle do so well. None scouring- 
and none off feed; which is unusual for this 
year, on the corn of 1902, as my brother feed- 
ers know there is considerable complaint of 
this crop of corn. 

I was skeptical regarding the Food and had 
no faith in it, but I am here to thank your 
agent for selling the Food to me, for I am 
now a strong advocate of it. My neighbors 
laughed at me for buying the Food, but after 
I had fed it awhile they could see my cattle 



were doing much better than theirs, and they 
bought on the strength of what it did for 
me. 

I am satisfied I can make my cattle as 
good in four months by the use of Standard 
Food as I can in five months without it, and 
this on the crop of 1902. I have fed cattle 
on this farm for thirteen years. I never fed 
stock food before, and never had my hogs and 
cattle do nearly so well. 

I have purchased three orders and have 
plenty of Food to carry me through this sea- 
son. I do not care to be without Standard 
Food. 

The roughage I fed was second crop of 
timothy and clover. I remain. 
Yours truly, 

J. F. Aitcherson. 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



39 



that sell at half the price per pound that 
Standard does. 

"When you use a Stock Food expecting 
to get an extra gain of one-third pound 
or more per day, and an extra finish 
worth nearly as much as the extra gain, 
don't be deluded by the claim of some 
manufacturers that his stock food will 
do it for practically nothing. 

Such results are good ones. 

You can afford to pay a fair price for 
them. 



cwt. That was evidence that Standard Food 
was an investment instead of an expense. The 
commission firm, Wit & Baker, of Chicago, 
sold my cattle for me. 

I have this day bought 2,000 pounds of Stand- 
ard Food for feeding to eighty steers I have 
on Land and 100 hogs and 25 horses. I am 
feeding for the market. C. N. Vandike. 

If Mr. Vandike had furnished us with 
the in and out weights on these cattle, 
the figures would have proved interest- 
ing. Taking it for granted that his 
neighbor's cattle were fed practically 




Geo. Calhoan, Goffs, Eans, Fed These Standard Food 



THEY BEGAN TO PICK UP. 

Goffs, Kans. 
Gentlemen: These 28 steers, averaging 960 
lbs. in weight, were put on feed Nov. 7, 1900, 
and fed shelled corn and prairie hay until Jan- 
uary 20, 1901. On that date I began feeding 
Standard Food with the grain ration, and con- 
tinued it until June 26th, when they were sold 
in Kansas City and weighed 1,481 lbs. This 
shows an average gain of 521 lbs. in seven 
months and eighteen days, during five months 
of which time they were fed Standard Food. 
These steers cost me $3.85 and sold for $5.65. 
They did not do very well until I began feed- 
ing Standard Food; they then picked up and 
did fine. I am well pleased with the Food and 
consider it of great assistance in helping the 
animal to digest the grain, and making a good, 
slick finish. George Calhoun. 

AN INVESTMENT— NOT AN EXPENSE. 
Vandalia, la., April 1, 1903. 

I fed Standard Food to sixty head of year- 
lings, and two-year-olds, during the winter of 
1901, and as I weighed my cattle every thirty 
days, I know to a dead certainty what my gains 
were. They made a gain of a little over ninety 
pounds per month all through the feeding period. 
I started my cattle on the Food and had no 
scours, no belching of food, and all on a good, 
even feed all through the feeding season. 'Their 
digestion was good. They ate well every day 
and had a fine market finish. 

My neighbor and I bought our cattle at the 
same time. They were part westerns and part 
natives. My neighbor's cattle were heavier by 
twenty-five pounds per head, by actual weight, 
when put into the feed lot. We went to Chi- 
cago on the same train. My cattle weighed, 
when sold at Chicago, an average of fifty 
pounds more and sold for 25 cents more per 



the same, outside of Standard Food, he 
show.B a nice gain and an extra • price. 
The comparative weights show a gain of 
seventy-five pounds per head over his 
neighbor's cattle. On sixty head, this 
would amount to 4,500 pounds. We will 
leave to our readers the pleasure of fig- 
uring the extra profit, on the supposi- 
tion that each party fed sixty head of 
cattle, and let them derive their own 
conclusions regarding Standard Food. 



KEEP THE CATTLE RIGHT. 

Memphis, Neb., July 6, 1904. 

I have fed vour food for the last five years 
and can say I am well pleased with it, My 
nogs never did better than the winters I fed it 
regular. It gives them better appetite and 
they make better use of the grain they eat. 
I also fed it to a bunch of 23 young yearling 
steers three years ago, that weighed about 500 
pounds when put in the feed lot, and at the 
end of seven months' feeding they averaged 
1,073 pounds in So. Omaha. 

I also fed 37 head this last winter, which I 
bought at So. Omaha, the 12th day of last 
November, at an average of 1,100 pounds, fed 
them seven months, shipped them back, when 
they weighed 1,450 pounds. So. Omaha, weights 
both ways, which was good considering the 
quality of even last season. These cattle were 
bought for $3.65 per hundred pounds and sold 
for $6.10, which paid the feeder well for his 
labors. Will say, in conclusion, that Standard 
Stock Food keeps the cattle on a regular, even 
feed, and I am well pleased with its results. 
A, L. Ullstrom. 



40 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



Fed Over 80,000 Pounds 

Twenty-two years ago Mr. George 
Dinsdale left his native home in Eng- 
land and came direct to Nebraska to find 
a home and build a fortune for himself 
and family. The promises of success in 
Nebraska were alluring enough to him 
that he started at once to make his mark 
in its fertile soil. After living in the 
state four years, he located permanent- 
ly in Nance county, and selected as his 
home a quarter section of land in the 
beautiful valley of the Loup river, fifteen 
miles west of Fullerton, and there he 
began the feeding of cattle for market; 
and his keen observation and watchful- 
ness and that rare judgment so neces- 
sary to success have won him a name 



bushels are bought annually in addi- 
tion to what is raised. She also takes 
charge of the correspondence and ac- 
counts and thus relieves Mr. Dinsdale of 
many details of his business. 

Like most Englishmen who appreciate 
the results of good feeding, Mr. Dinsdale 
has an abiding confidence in good con- 
dimental stock foods, and he backs up 
his faith by feeding Standard Stock Food. 
He knows the value of good rations 
properly fed and he finds that by adding 
to them a ration of Standard Stock 
Food, he can make them more palata- 
ble, more digestible and more profitable, 
because by its use he can save the waste 
and get a gain and finish on his cattle 
which he cannot get by common meth- 
ods. 




Geo. Dinsdale, His Stock and His Car Loads of Standard Food 



and reputation as a successful feeder 
which few men are able to attain. 

Mr. Dinsdale is now the possessor of 
more than 5,000 acres of the fertile land 
of Nance, Merrick and Howard counties. 
This land is given up for grazing pur- 
poses and for the raising of corn rnd 
other grain necessary in part for carry- 
ing on his feeding operations. He has a 
delightful home and the hospitality with- 
in it is full and sincere. 

Mr. Dinsdale has gradually enlarged 
his feeding operations until he is i^ow 
feeding 1,200 to 1,500 cattle a year, be- 
sides hundreds of hogs. 

Mrs. Dinsdale is remarkably well post- 
ed on all the details of her husband's 
business. She takes charge of the pur- 
chase of grain, of which thousands of 



He began feeding Standard Stock Food 
about ten years ago. He has learned to 
get the best results from it and they 
are certainly good. He has had some 
experience with cheap stock foods with 
the result that he has proved his first 
conviction, that the best is the cheapest. 

Mr. Dinsdale has bought and fed over 
SO.OOO pounds of Standard Stock Food. 
During the past two years he has 
bought a carload each year. 

Mr. Dinsdale usually starts his cattle 
on snapped corn in the fall, and in a 
few weeks begins to add a small and 
gradually iocreasing ration of shelled 
corn until they are on full feed about a 
month later. He feeds oil meal and us- 
ually wheat mixed with the corn ration, 
from two to three pounds of each with 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



41 



corn fodder and prairie hay for rough- 
age. 

His cattle are fed at seven in the 
morning and five in the evening witli 
precise regularity, and with every grain 
ration is fed a regular ration of Stand- 
ard Stock Food. The feeding period is 
usually about six months in length and 
he makes average gains of 450 to 475 
pounds per head and secures a gain of 
six pounds or more from each bushel of 
corn or its equivalent fed. He usually 
tops the South Omaha market with his 
cattle. 

In commenting upon the results ob- 
tained from feeding Standard Stock 
Food, Mr. Dinsdale says that he never 
has any steers off feed or scouring or 
belching during the feeding period. He 
says his steers like the grain ration bet- 
ter with Standard Stock Food mixed 
with it and that on this account they 
digest it better and make better use of 
the nutriment in the grain. He says his 
cattle keep on an even feed, that they 
feed out more evenly and that he makes 
much better gains and finish by the use 
of Standard Stock Food. Also that his 
hogs following steers are always in a 
thrifty condition. He says further that 
in tests he has made with cheap stock 
foods, Standard Stock Food has produced 
enough more gain than the others to 
more than pay for itself. 

He has been uniformly successful in 
feeding Standard Stock Food and he 
gives it full credit for all it does in 
helping to make his feeding operations 
more profitable. 

A GOOD FEEDER'S VERDICT. 

One of the leading feeders in Otoe 
county, Neb., is Mr. G. T. Overton, and 
after investigating the matter carefully, 
he bought 1,000 lbs. of Standard Food for 
feeding to sixty cattle, which he had 
started on feed about a month before. 
The following letter from him shows 
what results he has obtained in his feed- 
ing, and how well he is satisfied with 
Standard Food: 

May 14, 1902. 
Mr. F. E. Sanborn, 
Omaha, Neb. 

Dear Sir: I 'bought 1,000 
lbs. of your Standard Food 
last fall, and have been feed- 
ing it to my cattle since 
t»hen with good results. 
I put sixty head on feed 
September 4th and had them 
on full feed about October 
?Oth. They weighed 803 lbs. 
at the start. I have weighed 
them every month since they 
went on full feed. They 
have made a gain of 500 
lbs., and I am well please'^ 
with the results. They are 
considered the best burch 
of cattle in this county. 
Your man when here, was 
showing some photoeraphs 
cattle, and I thought 
photo- 
I have 



been feeding cattle for twenty-two years. This 
is the first year I have fed any stock food. 
I have had such good results, I expect to con- 
tinue feeding Standard Food. I would like 
you to send me another box to finish with. 
Yours kindly, 

G. T. Overton. 

Mr. Overton writes later, under date of 
June 11th, as follows: 

"I am not very well pleased with the pic- 
ture as I don't think it shows the cattle up 
as _good as they were. Maybe I was expect- 
ing' too much. 

"The cattle made a gain of 567 lbs. They 
weighed 803 lbs. when put in the yard and 
weighed out 1,370 lbs. One old cattle feeder 
saw them in the Nebraska City yards and he 
thought they were the best cattle that were 
ever in the yards. They were very even and 
uniform in flesh. 

"I am well pleased with Standard Food and 
expect to feed more of it this winter. The 
cattle sold May 23rd for $7.00 per cwt., at 
home. I have no doubt but what they will 
top the market. They will be on the market 
to-day, June 11th." 

Mr. Overton places a high value upon 
Standard Stock Food, and he is still using 
large quantities of it, feeding 2,000 pounds 
last season. 



FINISH— NOT FAT. 

Weston, la.. May 31, 1903. 

I have been feeding Standard Food about two 
years. I have given it a good test and am 
satisfied that it pays to feed Standard Food to 
botii cattle and hogs. 

I fed it to my cattle last fall. They were 
fed 140 days and made a gain of Zy^ lbs. 
per day while in the feed lot. It also put a 
good finish on them, which means a better 
price also. Formerly, when corn-fed cattle 
were a rarity on the market, the only ques- 
tion asked by the buyer was, "Are they fat?" 
and the price was fixed on that basis almost 
entirely. But in later years, since the feeding 
of cattle for market has become a regular busi- 
ness, other considerations enter largely into 
the matter of price. You will see buyer after 
buyer ride into a pen of cattle rolling in flesh, 
showing that they had had a long feed of corn, 
and then ride away, saying: "No, I will not 
give that price ; yes, they are fat enough, but 
they are rougli." Therefore, the 'seller has to 
strugirle to dispose of them. To get that finish 
you must feed something besides corn and hay. 
I think the finish on cattle from feeding Stand- 
ard Fcod will more than pay for the Food. 
say nothing of the extra gain that it will put 
on the cattle. Geo, N. Jenson, 




of 

you might like 

graph of this lot, 



O'W^ned apd Fed by G. T. Overton 



42 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



A Good Stockman and His Success 

Any history of the Standard Stock 
Food business would not be complete 
without some mention of the success of 
Mr. C. A. Daniel, of Carroll, Iowa, in 
which Standard Stock Food has taken 
an important part. 

Mr. Daniel has fed over 40,000 pounds 
of Standard Stock Food. He knows just 
what it will do and how good it is. He 
has endorsed it by word and 
letter hundreds of times and 
through his influence we 
have obtained many valua- 
ble customers, among oth- 
ers, Mr. George Adams, the 
well - known livestock com- 
mission man who fed thou- 







profit. He has been able to make his 
cattle gain 450 to 500 pounds a head dur- 
ing the summer feeding period on a ra- 
tion of about twenty-five pounds of 
shelled corn, two pounds of oil meal or 
cotton seed meal, a regular ration of 
Standard Stock Food and pasture, and 
he has usually outsold his neighbors, 
who have fed in practically the same 
way without Standard Food, ten cents to 
twenty-five cents per hundred pounds. 

He takes plenty of time to put his cat- 
tle on full feed and when he gets them 




^I^P^ iP^^^ 





kM '"^ 



Snap Shots of Cattle Owned by 
C. A. Daniel 



sands of pounds of Standard Stock Food 
before his death. 

Mr. Daniel began feeding Standard 
Stock Food in 1891, principally to cattle 
and hogs. He is essentially a summer 
feeder and his feeding has been carried 
on on his 640-acre farm in the west part 
of Carroll county. 

Mr. Daniel has usually fed from 300 
to 400 cattle a year. His plan has been 
to put his cattle on pasture and a light 
corn ration about May 1st, gradually in- 
creasing the ration until he has them on 
full feed about July 1st, where he would 
hold them until market time, usually 
about the latter part of October. 

He has been highly successful in his 
feeding operations. He has never aimed 
to produce top cattle, but to conduct his 
feeding so as to bring him the greatest 



there, he holds them steadily on a full 
ration. He weighs all his grain and is 
methodical in everything pertaining to 
his feeding. 

In 1897 he fed 320 head with Standard 
Stock Food added to the grain ration, 
which made a gain of 471 pounds from 
May 1st to October 16th. These cattle 
were on full feed July 10th. In 1903 he 
fed 286 head, which went on feed May 
1st, full feed July 15th, and were mar- 
keted October 4th and November 5th. 
The first shipment showed a gain of 468 
pounds and the second of 497 pounds per 
head. His best feed was made in 1900, 
when he fed something over 300 head 
from the first of May until the last of 
October, and made an average gain of 
500 pounds per head. 

Mr. Daniel says that when he puts his 



Standard Stock Food — It Makes Stock Thrive 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



43 



cattle on full feed, he can by the t-id of 
Standard Stock Food, get them onto an 
even feed so that each animal is eating 
about its portion. The cattle stay on 
feed better and get more good out of 
their feed and make better use of it, and 
that he can make much better gains and 
get a better finish by the use of Standard 
Stock Food than he can get without it. 
Mr. Daniel is without doubt one of 
the warmest friends of Standard Stock 
Food that it ever had the good fortune 
to secure. He has been successful with 
it and he gives it full credit. 



and makes his land yield him good profits 
by handling it properly. Although our 
visit was necessarily short, we were glad 
to have an opportunity to meet so good 
a farmer as Mr. Greene. When men of 
his business capacitj^ use Standard Stock 
Food, it is not worth while to argue as 
to its value. The very fact that such 
men use it shows that it is worth while 
to do so, and the stock feeder who has 
never tried it is left without an argu- 
ment against it. The case is settled and 
the merit of Standard Stock Food proved, 
because such men do not allow them- 




rrank Greene's Residence and a Bit of His Fastare 



A Farm That Pays 

Three miles south of Tabor, Iowa, is 
the pleasant home and farm of Frank 
Greene. He was found with a lot of 
thrifty cattle on feed. In a little shelter 
house in the fields where the cattle pas- 
tured could be seen a box of Standard 
Stock Food, which accounted for the 
healthy appearance of the steers lying 
at ease around the fields in the shade of 
the trees bordering the creek. 

"I like Standard Stock Food first rate," 
said Mr. Greene. "It is just the thing 
to put stock in fine shape and keep it 
growing. It shortens up the feeding time 
and sends the cattle to market looking 
plump and well finished. 

"I am not a heavy user of the Food, 
but I use all I need for the stock I 
keep, and am very well satisfied with it. 
It does all that is claimed for it, and 
that is very satisfactory to me." 

Mr. Greene is very pleasantly situated 



selves to be blinded. Thej' prove all 
things and hold fast to that which is 
good. 

ANOTHER TON. 
Council Bluffs, la., August 11. 1902. 

Ycur agent, Mr. Ross Hansen, would like to 
know something about the cattle I just mar- 
keted. These cattle, 21 in number, cost $40.00 
per head, making $840.00. They ate 1,575 
bushels of corn, at 60 cents per bushel, amount- 
ing to $945,00, and $15.00 worth of Standard 
Food. 

I consider the hogs that followed these cat- 
tle worth the hay and labor. 

These cattle were fed six months, making a 
gain of 75 pounds per head per month. They 
were marketed July 17, 1902, at South Omaha, 
and brought $8.15 per cwt., topping the mar- 
ket by 65 cents. Their average weight was 
1,389 pounds. 

I have fed cattle for the last twenty years 
and can say that this has been the best re- 
sult I ever had. I have bought one ton more 
of Standard Food and can recommend it to 
stock feeders or raisers who feed for profit. 
It produces more fat and a top finish. The 
load of cattle netted me $550.00. 

H. A, Doner, 



44 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 




Morris Hough and His Farm 



A Good Example to Follow 

There may be farms as fine and fertile 
in Iowa as that of Morris Hough, in Pot- 
tawattomie county, six miles northwest 
of Weston, in that state, but it is quite 
safe to say that there are no better 
ones. 

Mr. Hough's farm lies across high hills, 
every one of them fertile to the top, and 
when the writer visited him there was 
no apparent difference in the size of the 
corn in the valleys and that on the tops 
of the different hills. 

His pleasant home cuddles in a grove 
down in the valley, and back of the 
house are ample out-buildings for cattle 
and other farm animals. 

Our illustration shows how the farm 
buildings are spread out over a consid- 
erable space, each one having room for 
large yards around it. 

We found two loads of very tidy steers 
being fed and the barn in which they 
were fed was a model of its kind. It is 
made with a corncrib on one side, so the 
corn can be put into the feed boxes with- 
out doing more than move it over with 
a shovel. This barn can be made quite 
dark, and the steers showed great re- 
luctance about being moved from its cool 
dark depths, where flies would not both- 
er them, out into the sunshine where 
their pictures could be taken. 

"I have used several tons of Standard 
Stock Food," said Mr. Hough, "and it is 
all right. I find it good for all kinds of 
stock, and know it makes feed go fur- 
ther and the stock it is fed to do better. 
"It finishes stock in good shape and 



puts them into a condition to top the 
market." 

"Then you consider it economical to 
feed it, Mr. Hough?" was asked. 

"O, yes," he replied, "I feed it be- 
cause I make money by using it." 

"Do you ever have any trouble with 
scours, or do your steers ever get off 
their feed when you are using Standard 
Stock Food?" 

"No, I never have any trouble of that 
kind. All kinds of stock like it, and it 
gives them a good appetite. My cattle 
pass but very little corn when I am feed- 
ing Standard Stock Food. They seem 
to grind it up better and get more good 
out of it." 

"I suppose you expect to continue to 
use it?" 

"Yes, sir, I expect to keep right on us- 
ing it." 

The cattle shown in our illustration 
and the mares and colts with Mr. Hough 
looking at them are the kind the Stand- 
ard Stock Food farmers are likely to 
own. W'herever a Standard Stock Food 
farmer is found, good stock, plump, 
well-rounded, healthy stock, may be 
looked for, and Mr. Hough's farm stock 
is no exception to this rule. 

The following comment, taken from the 
October 19th, 1904, issue of the Daily 
Drovers' Journal-Stockman, South Oma- 
ha, shows what sort of cattle Mr. Hough 
sends to market and how he puts on 
their flesh and finish. 
****** 

Among the cattle receipts to-day was 
the consignment of Morris Hough, a 
prominent feeder of Weston, la. The 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



45 



shipment was accompanied by Gus 
Hough. The cattle marketed were grade 
Short-horns and showed by their condi- 
tion that they had been in the hands of 
a careful and competent feeder. There 
were twenty head in the bunch, weighing 
1,507 pounds, and going to the packers 
for $6.15. The stuff had been in the feed 
lots for the past ten months and made a 
very satisfactory gain in that time. Mr. 
Hough is a firm believer in the efficiency 
of Standard Food and has used it with 
good results. The cattle marketed to- 
day were fed this food, and Mr. Hough 
said it did them a great deal of good. 
Mr. Hough marketed a bunch of cattle 
at this market two years ago that brought 
$8.15. 

SOME DATES AND WEIGHTS. 

Glenwood, Iowa, September 20, 1899. 
Gentlemen: The following is the result of 
my feeding: 16 head of cattle this season: 
Bought 16 head — 6 yearlings and 10 two- 



I made a test as follows: Weighed 28 head, 
and fed one-tenth of a pound of Standard Food 
per head per day for three months. At the 
same time weighed 28 head and fed 2% pounds 
oil-meal per head per day for the same time. 
Fed each lot the same amount of corn, and on 
weighing both lots found the Standard Food lot 
gained 300 pounds more, and the extra gain 
would have been much more had I increased the 
grain ration on the Standard Food lot. 

I then ordered a ton of Standard Food, and 
fed it to all of them instead of oil-meal. 

Howell Rees. 

GOOD ADVICE IN THIS. 

Adel, la., August 1, 1900. 

I have fed Standard Food to two different 
bunches of cattle, and have had the best oi 
success with it, and have always been well 
paid when I fed it. 

The last I fed, was in the summer of 1899. 
Your agent came to me last spring, and wanted 
me to buy again, I was feeding 23 fine steers, 

but the agent of the , had been to my 

place and told me that the was just 

as good as the Standard Food, and he would 
sell it to me for considerably less money than 
your agent would sell me the Standard, so I 
thought if I could get food that was just as 
good as the Standard, for less money, that was 
the kind to buy. So I bought the and 




Some Good Ones Owned by E. Johnson 



year-old steers — January 20, 1899; average 
weight, 955 pounds. 

Roughed until April 1st; from April Ist fed 
snapped and shock corn until April 20th ; then 
light feed of shelled corn and STANDARD 
FOOD until June 1st, when they were put on 
full feed of corn and STANDARD FOOD. 
Weights during feeding-period as follows; 

April 15th, average 1,035 lbs. 

June 3rd, average 1,178 " 

August 5th, average without 

feed or water 1,360 " 

Making a gain per head in 

111 days 325 " 

Sold in Chicago in August at $5,80 per 100 
pounds. Bought by Doud & Keefer, for 
United Dressed Beef Co., New York City. 
Yours truly, 

E. Johnson. 

THEN ORDERED A TON. 

Pilger, Neb., September 28, 1899. 
This is to certify that I have fed five tons of 
Standard Food in the past four years, and am 
well satisfied with the results, and just ordered 
2,000 pounds more to feed through the feeding 
period. 



fed my cattle, but they didn't gain as the oth- 
ers did on Standard, and after feeding 300 

pounds of , I decided to try Standard 

Food on the same cattle. I bought 100 pounds 
of Standard Food from your agent, and when 
I had fed 50 pounds as per your directions, I 
sold my cattle, and I am positive that the feed- 
ing of the 50 pounds of Standard Food made 
my cattle bring $50.00 more than they would 

have brought had I continued feeding . 

I could see the change in my cattle in a few 
days. They ate better, and digested their grain 
better, and put on flesh faster, and it gave 
them a better finish. I feel confident that I 
could have gotten $250,00 more for the 23 head 
of cattle, if I had bought and fed 500 pounds 
of Standard Food and not fooled away my time 
and money with the cheap stuff. You may 
print this letter, if you like, and if you do, I 
hope it will be the means of helping my fellow 
feeders to turn down the man who comes along 
with the cheap goods that are just as good as 
the genuine. 

My experience has taught me that Standard 
Food is cheap, and will do more than you claim 
it will do/ I will never try to feed hogs or 
cattle again without Standard Food, 

W. L. Cook. 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



46 



The Standard Feeder — Part Tw^o 



A "Standard" Farmer 

Arriving in Clinton, Iowa, in the even- 
ing, we asked the cleric in the hotel if 
he knew George Morris. 

"You mean Morris, who feeds cattle?" 

"He's the man." 

"I don't know him personally, but you 
won't have any trouble finding him. He 
has a big farm out back of town, three 
or four miles, and anyone can tell you 
where he lives. Why not call him up?" 

We had not thought of that, but with- 
in a short time we had an appointment 
with Mr. Morris, and the next day we 
drove out to his place, a magnificent 
farm of about 400 acres, lying across the 
swells of a delightful rolling prairie coun- 
try. 

As a rule, Mr. Morris does not plow 
an acre of his land, preferring to produce 
pasture and hay, and buy the grain he 
feeds to his cattle. 

This year he has allowed something 



Stock Food steers as I can with the same 
number not fed the Food. The Food 
gives the steers the power to get better 
results from their corn, and there is less 
of it that gets through them. 

"A few years ago I tested Standard 
Stock Food to my full satisfaction. I 
had 120 steers, and I divided them into 
two lots of 60 each and weighed them up. 
One lot I fed corn and Standard Stock 
Food, and the other corn and oil meal. 
Both lots ran on grass and had the same 
care and feed with the exception that 
one had Standard Stock Food and one 
oil meal. I reported results to the Com- 
pany, but have forgotten just how it 
turned out. I know the Standard Stock 
Food made so much the best showing 
that I concluded to use it as well as 
oil meal. I wish you would look that re- 
port up when you get to the office." 

Upon looking up Mr. Morris' report, we 
find that the steers were fed 85 days. 




Geo. Morris' Residence and Bam 



like 70 acres to be plowed, as the high 
price of corn caused him to cut down 
the number of cattle he is keeping. The 
corn growing on these fields showed to 
perfection the advantages of pasturing 
and feeding cattle on a farm and buying 
grain, thus adding to the fertility of 
the land instead of selling it off in the 
shape of hay and grain. 

"I have been feeding Standard Stock 
Food for a number of years," said Mr. 
Morris, "and I know from actual test 
that it pays me to do so. My cattle are 
always in good appetite and condition, 
and they digest their corn better with 
Standard Stock Food than without it. 
As a matter of fact, I cannot run as 
many hogs with a bunch of Standard 



The average gain of those fed Standard 
Stock Food was 225 pounds, and the cost 
of the Standard Stock Food was $65. 

The 60 head fed on oil meal gained 200 
pounds each during the 85 days, and the 
cost of the oil meal fed was $175. 

Mr. Morris picked out three loads from 
the two lots and in making his selec- 
tion took 40 from the Standard Stock 
Food lot and 20 from the oil meal lot. 
These cattle sold in Chicago at $5.50 per 
hundred. 

This shows a difference of 1,500 pounds 
in favor of Standard Stock Food. This 
gain was worth $82.50, if we only credit 
the actual gain above that made on oil 
meal, this difference alone more than 
paying for the Food used. It cost $110 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



47 



more for oil meal than it did for Stan- 
dard Stock Food, so the difference in 
favor of the Food was $192.50, counting 
only the difference in the gain. 

Mr. Morris is a good business man, and 
a man with more than a little influence 
in his county. He tries out the things 
that make for profit or loss, and no man 
can make him believe that Standard 
Stock Food is not all it is claimed to be. 



"FEED STANDARD OR LOSE." 

Adel, la., June 6, 1900. 

I have been feeding Standard Food to cat- 
tle and hogs for three years, and during that 
time I have made considerable money from its 
use. I thought several times I would try to 
get along without it, as it seemed expensive to 
feed, but I soon saw I was losing money, and 
would buy again. I have concluded to stick to 
it now, and you may count on me as a re^.ilar 
customer. 

On April 30, ISOO, I shipped 36 head of cat- 
tle to Chicago, and sold them on that date for 



Ha 

d n .. 


1 


.^ 


r "-1 , n n 


^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^t^g^f 


P^ f 



Some Good Stock in Hilton Bros*. Bam Yard 



STANDARD FOOD FOR EVERT ANIMAL 

Shady Grove, la., July 27, 1904. 

Gentlemen: I am a user of Standard Food 
and can say that I have received good results 
from my hogs and everything I have fed it to. 
In the first place I will say that my hogs 
were in very poor condition, full of worms and 
I bought Standard Worm Powder and it 
cleaned the worms out of them, and they 
began to gain and their hair began to appear 
in a healthy condition. We never had hogs 
make as good gains as these hogs did. It is 
our intention to feed a load of cattle this 
winter and we are going to feed Standard 
Food to them and give it a good test. We have 
a nice bunch of spring pigs that has put up 
a fine growth that we are not ashamed of. 
I can recommend Standard Food to any man 
that will feed it as we have done. 

We have fed it to our horses with very good 
results. Yours very truly, Hilton Bros. 

COSTS LESS THAN OIL MEAL. 

Mead, Neb., May 1, 1901. 
This is the first year that I have fed Stand- 
ard Food; have always fed oil meal, but I find 
that it costs less to feed Standard Food. The 
cattle ate and digested their food better than 
any other cattle that I ever fed. I am well 
pleased wih my first year's experience with 
Standard Food, 0. Carlson. 



$5.00. They were a mixed lot of cows, steers 
and one stag, and all sold together. I fed them 
Standard Food for four months, and they put 
on a good gain. I am confident that they put 
on 100 pounds more per head by the use of 
Standard Food than they would have done with- 
out it. They weighed 1,460 pounds in Chi- 
cago, and I got 15 cents per 100 more for 
the extra finish put on by Standard Food, 
which was worth more to me than the Stand- 
ard Food they had eaten cost me. I am feed- 
ing 26 head now and would not think of feed- 
ing without Standard Food. I have bought 100 
pounds more today to finish these I have on 
feed now. 

My advice is to feed Standard Food, for we 
lose money when we don't feed it. 

M. G. Hoi. 

SHOWS IN THE FINISH. 

Beatrice, Neb., June 6, 1900, 
This is to certify that I bought Mr. P. M. 
Anderson's cattle. These cattle were fed Stand- 
ard Food about 60 days. I shipped them to 
St. Joe and topped the market at $5.15 per 
hundred pounds June 4, 1900. They were as 
sleek a bunch of cattle as I have shipped this 
year. 

I believe that Standard Food properly fed 
will show in the finish alone enough to prove 
to the skeptical that it will do all that is 
claimed for it. G. McKee. 

P. S. — I ordered more Food to-day to feed to 
my young pigs. 



48 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



Likes It Better Every Year 

Washington County, Nebraska, is one 
of the older counties in point of settle- 
ment, and the early settlers in choosing 
it showed their appreciation of its fer- 
tility and natural beauty. The land 
along the Missouri is very rolling, but 
very productive also; and a drive across 
the country is a very pleasant experi- 
ence. 

The farm of Mr. Richard Blaco, be- 



"It is a good Food," he said, referring 
to Standard Stock Food. "I like it bet- 
ter than anything of the kind and I con- 
sider it the best Stock Food made. It 
has never failed me, and I have given it 
a pretty good trial. I have also tried 
other kinds, but have never found one as 
good as the Standard. 

"One time I lost all my hogs with 
cholera but one sow and one stag. 1 
weighed these and put them in a pen, 
and began feeding them, using a heavy 




Stock and Buildings on Mr. Richard Blacos' Farm 



tween Blair and Kennard, is a finely lo- 
cated one, and the farm buildings stand 
embowered in trees and in a pleasant 
valley some distance from the public 
road. 

It was just noon when we arrived at 
the home of Mr. Blaco, who received us 
very cordially. We found him just fin- 
ishing haying, and took the opportunity 
to catch a view of his barn, the family 
cows and Mr. Blaco and his sons and 
hired help at their regular work. 

The illustrations show the kind of 
cattle Mr. Blaco has when he has fin- 
ished them with Standard Stock Food, 
while the one with the cattle eating in 
the feed lot, shows how beautifully the 
farm lies and how sheltered the farm 
buildings are by trees and hills. 

Mr. Blaco has 500 acres of this splen- 
did farming land and feeds out about 
150 cattle every year, with hogs enough 
to go with them. He has been feeding 
Standard Food for 12 years, and likes it 
better every year. 



feed, mixing Standard Stock Food with 
it. When they were ready for the mar- 
ket, I took them to Blair and sold them, 
weighing them out of the railroad sta- 
tion, and found that they had gained 
exactly five pounds each per day from 
the time I shut them up. I think that 
was a pretty good job of putting on 
weight and I believe the Food did it. 

"The Sanborn people never claimed 
that their Food would cure hog cholera, 
and I don't suppose it will, but I don't 
believe that cholera ever started in a 
herd of hogs that were being fed Stan- 
dard Stock Food. I am perfectly satis- 
fied with the Food, and consider it a 
good investment, or I wouldn't buy it." 

Mr. Blaco's cattle, cows and horses 
were in fine condition and the saddle 
horses of himself and son, shown in the 
barnyard illustration, were good enough 
to make anyone envy the owners the 
possession of them. 

The farm is a model that might be 
patterned after— just such a farm as one 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



49 



with experience along that line would 
expect to And occupied by a Standard 
Stock Food farmer. 

A Progressive Young Farmer 

Mr. L. A. Schroeder, Geneseo, 111., is 
a very bright young farmer, who has 
proved the merits of Standard Stock 
Food on his own farm. 

He told us it was rapidly making 
friends in his neighborhood, aiid he felt 
assured it would meet with a large sale 
the coming season in his vicinity. 

"I have seen the good effects of it on 
my own stuff," said Mr. Schroeder, "and 
everyone who has tried it seeins satisfied 
with it, and I know of several tons that 
will be used right around here the com- 
ing season. 

"I thoroughly believe it to be the best 
stock food ever sold in this country. It 
gives stock a good appetite and makes 
it finish quickly and that is what we 
want these days. The man who gets his 
stock to market in the shortest time is 
the one who makes the most money." 

Mr. Schroeder is one of the new school 
of farmers who combine science with 
practice. This kind of farmers readily 
recognize established facts and are not 
afraid of departing from the traditional 
ways of the fathers. Such a course 
leads to the greatest success and the 
largest profits. 




Residence of L. A. Schroeder 



CAN'T AFFORD TO BE WITHOUT IT. 
Beaver Crossing, Neb., April 12, ISOl. 

February 1, 1901, 22 head of cattle averaged 
835 pounds per head and were put on about 
one-half ration of Standard Food. March 29, 
1901, I weighed these cattle again and found 
that the bunch at that time averaged 981 
pounds per head, an average gain of over 2^2 
pounds per head per day in 58 days, which I 
consider is a very good gain on such cattle and 
considering the very bad weather which we 
had during that time. 

I have fed Standard Food for about 4 years 
and I find that it is a good investment for any 
feeder, for he can keep his stock on full feed 
during the whole feeding period and also get 
the full benefit of the grain ration. I could 
not afford to be without Standard Food. 

Chris Klemm. 







*ri^ 


E^Ji^BWiy 




lE 


A /I vr . 








i 



Some Toppers Owned and Fed by M. T. Munsinger, Tabor, la. 



A DOUBTER CONVINCED, 

Lyons, Neb.. Oct. 28, 1903. 
I have not been out of Standard Food since 
I gave my first order two years arc, and have 
today given my order for 500 pounds more, and 
I assure you there is no doubt in my mind as 
to what it will do for me this time, as I have 
just put in twenty-one steers to feed, and I 



am sure I will get enough extra gain on my 
hogs following these cattle to pay for the Food, 
leaving all the extra gain I get on the cattle 
by feeding the Food to them clear profit to me. 
I want to say that any man who is feeding 
cattle or hogs and does not feed them a ration 
of Standard Food is missing it. Throw away 
your skeptical ideas and try it, and be con- 
vinced as I have been, Andrew Olson, 



50 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



From $40 to $75,000. 

Twenty-two years ago, a young man 
came from Wales to this country and 
stopped in Omaha with just $40 in his 
pockets and not the faintest notion what 
to do. The other day we visited that 
young man, who now owns 840 acres of 
as fine land as can be found out of 
doors. He lives near Pilger, Nebraska, 
and his name is Howell Rees, and any- 
one who visits him will find him still 



what anyone or any paper says about 
the Food for I have proven for myself 
that it is a good thing to use. 

"My cattle top the market in Omaha, 
and I believe Standard Stock Food is 
what makes them finish in such good 
shape. I buy good stock when I buy 
feeders and I treat them as well as I 
know how, and I send them to market 
in as good shape as I can get them." 

"I believe in Standard Stock Food and 
I expect to feed a good many more 
tons of it." 




Thoroughbred Bulls and a Bunch of Toppers Owned by Howell Rees 



a young man, still full of years of earn- 
est work, sociable, business-like, a good 
manager, a reader of the best farm pa- 
pers, and successful beyond the dreams 
of the days when he stood on the streets 
of Omaha with a few dollars in his pock- 
ets and all the world before him where 
to choose. 

Mr. Rees feeds stock cattle that bring 
the highest prices in the Omaha market 
and he has grade Shorthorns so good 
that their calves bring $100 each. 

He led out a yearling Shorthorn bull 
with skin like velvet and the royal 
bearing that belongs to one descended 
from a long line of noble ancestors. 
The animal cost him $385 and was 
cheaply purchased. The picture shows 
how proud he was and at the same time 
gives a very good picture of Mr. Rees 
himself. 

"I buy Standard Stock Food in ton 
lots," said Mr. Rees, "and I expect to 
keep right on feeding it. I don't mind 



Asked what his land was worth, Mr. 
Rees said it was not for sale. We were 
afterwards told that his farm was 
probably worth $75,000, which is a very 
good showing for 22 years from a start 
with nothing. 

As a Standard Stock Food farmer, 
Mr. Rees is a model well worth copy- 
ing after. He has earned his farm by 
earnest work and perfectly legitimate 
methods. Those who are inclined tn. 
think farming does not pay, might 
well study the methods of some of the 
Standard Stock Food farmers whom 
this book tells about. They are not 
the kind that sit down and give up in 
despair, but are of the class that grasps 
opportunity and takes advantage of 
the things within their reach, never 
taking a backward step nor being ap- 
palled by difRculties. It would be 
worth a long trip to any discouraged 
farmer to visit a few men like Mr. 
Rees. 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



51 




These Enjoyed Standard Food Fed by J. F. Newall 



RESULTS TALK. 

Brainard, Neb. 

Gentlemen: I want to give you some fig- 
ures showing the results of my feeding 
STANDARD FOOD to cattle. 

I fed 44 head of cattle last season. I fed 
them bVi months, and fed STANDARD FOOD 
the last three months, with good results. I 
got a gain of 372 pounds average, besides the 
shrinkage from Omaha to Brainard and from 
Brainard to Omaha, which would be at least 
50 pounds on each steer. That would be a 
gain of 422 pounds in bVz months. 

It increased their appetite quite a good deal, 
and I could plainly see that they were digest- 
ing their feed better and getting more good 
out of it. It put on a nice finish, which en- 
abled me to get 15 cents a hundred more than 
other cattle brought, of the same grade, bought 
out of the same bunch, and sold the same day. 
I figure that the finish that I got on my steers 
more than paid for the Food they ate, and the 
extra gain that I got, which was about 15 
pounds per month, was clear profit. I weighed 
part of my cattle at the end of every thirty 
days before I commenced to use the Food, and 
then again after I had used the Food for 
thirty days, and found that they had put on 
half a pound a day extra while feeding the 
Food. 

I can honestly recommend STANDARD 
FOOD to any good feeder. 

Yours truly, 

J. F. Newall. 

Gain, 422 pounds in 5^^ months. 

Extra gain, 15 pounds per month. 

Extra finish worth 15 cents per 100 
pounds, compared with other cattle 
bought out of same bunch, and sold at 
same time. 

TOPPED MARKET 35 CENTS. 

Juniata, Neb., January 16, 1900. 
This is a correct statement in regard to the 
feeding of 21 steers I fed during the summer of 
1899. These cattle went into feed-yard April 1, 
averaging 960 pounds per head; were fed in 
dry lot until June 1st, then turned on grass, 



with a ration of Standard Food added to their 
grain until they were shipped, October IGth. 
They weighed 1,475 pounds each, after being 
driven three miles to Hansen, where they were 
loaded, thus making a gain of 515 pounds in 
six months and fifteen days — 80 pounds per 
month, or 2 2-3 pounds per day during the six 
months and fifteen days. They topped the mar- 
ket in St. Joe by 35 cents per hundred, and 
sold for $5.95 per hundred upon that date. 

I attribute considerable of their fine finish to 
the use of the Food; also, their gain in flesh 
was larger than any I ever fed before, and I 
have fed cattle for a number of years. I be- 
lieve the Food made me a large profit. 

M. S. Collins. 

ALWAYS AT OR NEAR THE TOP. 

Paxico, Kas., January 6, 1900. 

On September 8, 1899, I put in the feed-lot 
44 head of steers; weight, 1,054 pounds per 
head, at $4.48 per 100 pounds. First week fed 
new corn, the second, third and fourth, cob- 
meal, (old corn) and then new corn-meal. The 
second week I began feeding Standard Food, 
with alfalfa for roughness. On November 29th 
sold 19 head, weight 1,346 pounds per head, at 
$6.00, the top of that day, and 40 cents above 
the next sale. On December 21st sold 20 head, 
weight 1,276 pounds per head, at $5.75, within 
5 cents of the top. On January 3, 1900, sold 
the balance to a local shipper at $67.50 per 
head. August Meinhardt. 

44 steers cost Sept. 8, $47.21 per 

head $2,077.24 



19 steers sold Nov. 29, $80.76 per 

head $1,5.34.44 

20 steers sold Dec. 21, .$7.3.37 per 

head 1,467.40 

5 steers sold Jan. 3, $67,50 per 
head 337.50 



Selling price $3,339.34 

Cost price 2,077.24 



Gross profit $1,261.10 

Cost of Standard Food fed 38.00 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



52 



The Standard Feeder — Part T^'O 



Profit From Standard Food 

We were told that Mr. J. H. Schroeder 
had some fine Polled Angus cattle and 
we stopped to see them. Our illustra- 
tion shows that we had no occasion to 
be disappointed in his stock. The cows 
shown in the group are an admirable lot 
and presented a picture of bovine beauty 
as they comfortably grazed on the rich 
pasture. 

Mr. Schroeder, like his brother, L. A. 
Schroeder, mentioned before, is a good 
friend to Standard Stock Food. McHenry 
County, Illinois, does not hold a more 
progressive farmer than Mr. Schroeder, 
and that is saying much, and he has con- 



A Winner of Blue Ribbons 

Mr. Berry Lucas, of Hamilton, Mo., 
proprietor of the Maple Leaf Farm and a 
prominent breeder of Aberdeen Angus 
cattle and Duroc Jersey hogs, has been a 
friend and patron of Standard Food for 
more than nine years. During that time 
he has been a constant user of our goods. 

Mr. Lucas began the breeding of thor- 
ough-bred stock at Oelwein, la., where 
liic practical, progressive methods soon 
placed him in a position of prominence. 
As a breeder he has won many blue rib- 
bons, and as a feeder has nearly always 
topped the market. 

About three years ago Mr. Lucas de- 
cided to seek a broader field for his chos- 
en profession and moved to his present 
home, where he has taken a prominent 
place among the breeders of his adopted 
state. 

We take pleasure in referring to three 




Residence of J. h. Schroeder and His Polled Angus Cattle 



vinced himself that Standard Stock Food 
!S the best thing of its kind. 

Mr. Schroeder was the last of about 
Thirty intelligent, thinking, progressive 
farmers we visited in the states of Illi- 
nois, Iowa and Nebraska, and every one 
of them told of success and profit from 
using Standard Stock Food. These are 
only a few of 100,000 farmers who have 
used Standard Stock Food, and are using 
it by the million pounds right now. They 
have tried it by using it. They have 
found it satisfactory in every way. They 
feel that they must use it in order to 
make the stock as profitable as possible. 
In the face of all this evidence there is 
but one thing to do— use Standard Stock 
Food— the Standard among stock foods. 



letters written during a period of six 
years. These letters all endorse Stand- 
ard Food and all refer to results. The 
accompanying cuts give a good view of 
Mr. Lucas' home and of some prominent 
members of his celebrated herd of cattle. 

Oelwein, la., Sept. 3, 1898. 

Gentlemen: Last spring I had some young 
bulls that were not doing well at all. They 
seemed to have a dislike for all kinds of feed, 
and were on the down grade. I employed all 
the arts known to me as a feeder without the 
least particle of success, and as a last resort 
I hought some of your Stock Food. 

It took ahout a week before I could get them 
to eat it, and in twenty days they were back 
on full feed again, and now are going for- 
ward at a rapid rate. Not having any scales 
I am unable to give any weights, but I am 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



53 



satisfied they are putting on three pounds 
per day since the first twenty days, and 
think the Food has heen worth to me at 
least fifty cents per pound in feeding this lot 
of hulls. 

I also sold, August 22nd, a car load of 
grade Angus steers that I had fed nine 
months. They made an average gain of two 
pounds per day. They were fed a ration of 
your Stock Food the last sixty days, and I 
am satisfied it paid me well. 

Am now huying it in 500 pound lots, and 



I will enclose you clipping from Drovers' 

Journal, from which you will see that they 

sold at the top for their class, and at the same 

price as cattle weighing 1,200 to 1,400 pounds. 

Yours truly. 

Berry Lucas. 

Hamilton, Mo., Sept. 7. 1904. 

Gentlemen; It is nine years this fall since 

I first commenced using your Standard Stock 

Food and I have had it in my feed room 

almost continuously ever sin»e. I have re- 




Residence of Berry Lucas, 
Hamilton, Mo., and Some 
of His Prize Winners 



shall continue feeding it right along all the 
time. The hoys call it "Angel Food." I 
would recommend it to all hreeders and feeders 
as the right thing to put a bloom on cattle. 
Very truly yours. 

Berry Lucas. 
Hamilton, Mo., March 29, 1902. 

Gentlemen: Replying to your kind favor of 
the 20th, will say I have plenty of Standard 
Food to last me some time. I never intend 
to he without it as long as I have a single 
animal to feed it to. 

I must tell you about my little yearling 
steers that I fed this winter. I bought them 
in May last year, when they weighed 453 
pounds. They ran on short pasture all sum- 
mer and were but very little, if any, heavier 
when I commenced feeding them last Novem- 
ber than they were in May. I fed them a 
ration of crushed and some of the time whole 
corn, with Standard Food, and for roughness 
they had shredded corn fodder. They weighed, 
March 15th, 1,028 pounds, a gain of 575 
pounds. They gained, at the least calcula- 
tion, 100 pounds each, per month. 

I consider this a splendid showing for as 
light cattle as they were, and a person would 
have to literally talk an arm off of me to 
convince me that I wasn't amply repaid for 
every pound of stock food they ate. 

The Standard Food showed as plain on them 
when they were in the stock-yards alongside 
of the other cattle, with their rough, staring 
coats, as it did in their gains. Armour's 
buyer, who bought them, asked me if I had 
been currying them. 

I am satisfied that I got 25 cents per hun- 
dred more than I would if they hadn't been 
fed your Food. 



cently given an order for 300 pounds more. 
This is as strong an endorsement as I can 
give your food. Results is what I am after 
and I have always had good results from 
feeding Standard Food. 

Respectfully, 

Berry Lucas. 

FOR THE BENEFIT OF FEEDERS. 

Spring Hill, Kan., May 23, 1901. 

For the benefit of my brother feeders, I give 
the following statement regarding my feed on 
fifty head of steers during the winter of 1900 
and 1901: 

The cattle were purchased in Kansas City, 
November 16th, 1900, at $4.20 per hundred, and 
weighed there 1,102 pounds per head. The cat- 
tle were fed on ear corn the first ninety days, 
and finished on shelled corn. On January 31st, 
I purchased 550 pounds of Standard Food, which 
I fed until cattle were sold. They were sold 
in Kansas City, May 13th, 1901, at $5.30 and 
weighed there 1,472 pounds. From the time I 
began using Standard Food, my cattle ate with 
better appetite, their digestion was good, no 
scouring, and the finish was excellent. 

(Signed) J. S. Null. 

GOOD FOR ANYTHING THAT EATS GRAIN. 
Winterset, Iowa. 

I commenced feeding fodder Jan. 1, 1903, and 
fed until March 12th, when they went on bunk 
feed, and on April 1st they were on full feed. 
Their ration has been corn, cottonseed meal and 
Standard Stock Food. On May 1st I weighed 
them and found they had put on 12.450 lbs., 
after shrinking them 3 per cent. There are 44 
head of them and weighed when put in lot 
42,673 lbs. 

I have never had cattle put on fat as fast 
as this lot has, and would recommend the feed- 
ing of Standard Food to anything that eats 
grain. Elmer Orris. 



Standard Stock Food —It Makes Stock Thrive 



54 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



Glad to Praise Standard Food 

Anyone who has ever lived in a farm- 
ing country would at once recognize the 
beauties of Hamilton County, Nebraska. 
The county seat is Aurora, and two miles 
northwest of this pleasant little city is 
the home of Mr. I. S. Byers, a prosper- 
ous and solid farmer with a farm typi- 
cal of the beautiful country in which he 
lives. 

We found Mr. Byers in possession of 
some very nice cattle. The scene we 
give shows his house and barn, and gives 
an idea of the lay of the land in that 
vicinity and the kind of cattle kept on 
it. We also succeeded in getting a snap 





Mr. Byers' Honse 

shot of Mr. Byers and his parrot, as h ■ 
sat on the front porch of his pleasant 
home. 

Mr. Byers was glad to say a good word 
for Standard Stock Food. 

"You can say anything good about it 
that you want to." was his remark. "And 
I will back you up in it. That is my 
opinion of it." 



Mr. I. S. Byers Witli His Parrot 

thing I ever fed," he said. "It puts them 
in such a good condition that they go 
into market fit to _get the highest price, 
and often they sell for something better 
than the level of high prices. I believe 
it is the best thing out to keep cattle in 
good condition while they are being heav- 
ily fed. It keeps them from scouring 
and gives them a good appetite. It seems 
to me they grind the corn they eat bet- 
ter when they get Standard Stock Food." 
Mr. Byers has lived in Nebraska for a 
good many years, and thinks it the best 
state in the Union. Living where he 
does, one is inclined to agree with him, 
for a pleasanter prospect than one gets 
from in front of his house would be hard 
to find. He did not grow up with the 
country, but he has seen the country 
grow up, and looks upon its progress as 
in some part his work. He is proud of 
his share of it, and well he may be, for 
it surely is a garden spot where every 
foot is tillable and every acre fertile 
enough to produce in any year. 



said he had always found Stand 

Food all that it was claimed 

"It finishes my stock better 


ard Stock 
to be. 
than any- 




( 


^4^ 


i 


V 


A*]^ 


/ 

1 




/ 

/ 1 




UHFUHMh 




. . 



Mr. Byers Model Barn and Stock 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



5.4 



MORE SHOULD INVESTIGATE. 

Newton, Iowa, January 5, 1899, 

Gentlemen: Before feeding any of your 
STANDARD FOOD I read up quite thoroughly 
as to the experience of others, and naturally 
being somewhat skeptical and suspicious, 
(owing, perhaps, to the nature of my busi- 
ness,) I made what I considered a pretty 
close examination of facts and figures fur- 
nished hy you. 

I concluded to feed the STANDARD FOOD 
to a hunch of 40 native two-year-old steers 
during the summer of 1898, and I can say 
that I am thoroughly satisfied with the re- 
sults, and, as I weighed the cattle every 
thirty days, I know to a dead certainty just 



GAIN OF 418 LBS. IN 4 MONTHS. 

Malcom, Iowa, January 31, 1899. 

I am pleased to furnish you with these 
figures showing the gains and selling price on 
a bunch of 20 steers to which I fed your Stand- 
ard Food. 

The 20 steers averaged 980 pounds the 20th 
of August, when I commenced to feed them. 
They were fed on shelled and broken corn and 
Standard Food until the 21st of the following 
December, when I shipped them to Chicap^" 
They weighed 1,398 pounds and sold for $5.20 

I never had a bunch of cattle go on feed 
and do better all through than these. I can 
honestly recommend Standard Food for cattle 
feeding, and believe, if rightly handled, that 
good results will follow, I have bought 500 




Owned and Fed by E. E. Lyday 



what was accomplished, I put the cattle on 
full feed (ear corn) March 1st, and during 
March, April, May, and June, and without 
the Food, except during March, the average 
gain per head per day was 2 pounds. I was 
satisfied with this, considering all the cir- 
cumstances, but was afraid of July and Au- 
gust, they being the two months of hot weather 
and flies, so I concluded to give the STAN- 
DARD FOOD a test, and if the cattle held up 
to the previous average during those two 
months I would be well satisfied. During 
July they made an average gain per head of 
2V2 pounds, and during August 3 pounds, per 
day per head. To say that I was satisfied 
does not begin to express the situation. I 
kept on feeding the Food until the cattle were 
ready to ship the 1st of December, and a 
slicker, better finished lot of cattle were never 
shipped from my farm. I am satisfied that 
they sold for at least 25 cents per 100 pounds 
more than they would have done if I had not 
fed the Food. 

I will be feeding 40 head again the com- 
ing season, and shall certainly stick to STAN- 
DARD FOOD, Every feeder that I know in 
this country who has fed the Food tells me 
that they feel the same as I do about it. 

One thing more I want to mention is that 
the hogs that followed the cattle did better 
and were healthier than any other lot of hogs 
that I ever bad with cattle. 

Yqutb very truly, 

E, E, Lyday. 



pounds more Food to feed to t'wo carloads of 
steers that I am feeding now. 

Amos L. Falkinburg. 

Gain In April. May and June, without 
STANDARD FOOD, 2 pounds per day. 

Gain in Julv, 21/0 pounds, and in August, 
3 pounds, with STANDARD FOOD. 

"FINISH BROUGHT FIFTEEN CENTS EX- 
TRA." 

David City, Neb. 

Here are the figures showing the results of 
my feeding 2,000 pounds of Standard Food to 
85 head of cattle. The 85 head weighed, No- 
vember 15, 950 pounds average. I sold them 
June 1, weighing in Chicago 1,355 pounds. I 
consider this a better gain by 50 pounds than I 
ever got on the same grade of cattle in the 
same time. I could see that Standard Food 
aided greatly in digesting the corn and gave 
the steers a good, keen appetite. I believe that 
Standard Food will make from 10 to 15 pounds 
a month extra gain on cattle. 

I got 50 pounds in 5 '.'2 months more than I 
ever did before on the same grade of cattle. 
That would be almost 10 pounds a month extra 
gain. It put on a good finish, which enabled 
me to get a good price for my cattle, I got 
$5.25 in Chicago, the top price paid that day, 
while other cattle of the same grade, out of the 
same bunch, that were fed 30 days longer than 
mine, sold the same day for $5.10. 

Robert McQuilkin. 



56 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 




"^■■'%:^K^ 



%^^'**' %i 




Snap Shots on W. A. McCullough's Larg-e Farm 



A Good Farmer and His Method 

One of the most successful cattle feed- 
ers in Nebraska is Mr. W. A. McCul- 
lough, of Schuyler. He is careful, pains- 
taking and thorough in all he does. He 
feeds good rations and gets good results. 

August 15, 1903, he put 143 head of cat- 
tle in pasture with a light feed of corn. 
They were part Western and part Native 
Blacks. They averaged to weigh 975 
pounds per head. He put them in the 
feed lot October 1st and fed them corn, 
oil meal, corn germ and Standard Stock 
Food until sold. The average date of 
sale was May 6, 1904. Ninety-five head 
were sold in Chicago and forty-eight head 
at South Omaha, and the average mar- 
ket weight was 1,499 pounds, showing a 
gain of 524 pounds in 262 days, or a gain 
of two pounds per day for the entire 
feeding period, including the time they 
were being put on full feed. 

Mr. McCullough estimates that the 
95 head sold in Chicago would have av- 
eraged 60 pounds per head more if sold 
at South Omaha, in which case the aver- 
age gain per head would have been 564 
pounds or an average of 2.15 pounds per 
day for the entire feeding period. 

Mr. McCullough says that these cattle 
were always ready for their feed, that 
they fed evenly and finished up in fine 
shape. He was well pleased with the 
gains made and gives full credit to 
Standard Stock Food for the good re- 
sults obtained. 

We photographed the cattle just be- 



fore they were shipped and the accom- 
panying half tone cut made from the 
photograph gives a good idea of their 
fatness and finish. 



CREDITS STANDARD FOOD. 

Swanton, Nebr., May 16, 1903. 

Gentlemen: As I have bought almost 4,000 
lbs. of Standard Food from your agent, Mr. 
Dodge, ■ thought perhaps a word would be 
of intert.st to you. 

This winter my hogs did better and were 
heavier than any I ever raised, and my cattle 
while only yearlings did finely and I had the 
pleasure of topping the market both in Kan- 
sas City and South Omaha in their class, and 
as I fed only whole corn and all they had for 
roughage was the run of the stalk field in the 
winter and wheat straw when in the yards 
and yet they were slick and fat, I can only 
attribute it to the ration of Standard Food, 
and I am sure it pays to feed it to all kinds 
of stock. Respectfully yours, 

S. C. Caldwell. 

We reprint here an item from the April 
29th, 1903, issue of the Journal-Stockman 
of South Omaha. This refers to our cus- 
tomer. Mr. S. C. Caldwell, and his state- 
ments therein quoted give conclusive 
evidence of- his abiding faith in Standard 
Stack Food: 

SALINE COUNTY MAN GETS GOOD 
FIGURE FOR ANGUS CATTLE. 

"My cattle weighed ten pounds to the 
head more here than they did at home," 
said S. C. Caldwell, of Swanton, who was 
on the market with a load of long year- 
ling Angus steers and heifers of his own 
raising and feeding. 

"The price, too, $4.75, was satisfactory, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



i>t 



and altogether, I am well pleased with 
my trip. 

"The cattle I had here today were long 
yearlings and ran in the stalkfields all 
winter, having access to snapped corn 
and a straw pile. They had no hay and 
yet they were sleek and fat. I attribute 
this to the ration of Standard Stock Food 
that I gave them right along. It kept 
them thrifty, and hungry and growing. It 
is the same way with hogs. In February 
I marketed 11-months-old shoats that 
weighed 400 pounds and that is why I be- 
lieve in feeding stock food." 



gether they own one of the finest herds 
of thoroughbred Hereford cattle in In- 
diana, and it was to these cattle they 
fed Standard Stock Food, and will con- 
tinue to feed it summer and winter to 
breeding stock, young stock steers and 
all stock on the place. They now have 
131 head of cattle— young and old, and 
70 head of hogs and pigs, most of which 
is registered stock. 

He is also feeding Standard Food to 
his horses, and says his work horses 
were never in better condition for spring 
work. 




S. C. Caldwell's Well FiUed Feed Lot 



FED STANDARD FOOD 4 YEARS AND 
KNOWS. 
Grundy Center, Iowa, Dec. 16, 1899. 

I have fed cattle for 8 years, and have fed 
Standard Food the past 4 years. I have given 
it a fair trial, and have found that it pays 
well to feed. It helps to get my cattle on full 
feed more evenly than without it. I never 
have a steer scour, get off his feed, or belch 
his food. Their digestion is improved. 

In a test case, last winter, I found my cat- 
tle ate SVa pounds more of corn a day with 
than without Standard Food. On account of 
good digestion, their coat is much finer than 
when fed without Standard Food. This extra 
finish is worth more on the market than the 
Food will cost for a four-months' feed. I have 
often said I would not feed cattle without 
feeding Standard Food with corn. 

John Fearer. 

WELL PAID FOR HIS TROUBLE. 

Danville, Ind., Apr. 10. 1903. 

I have used Standard Stock Food for the last 
ninety days and feel that I have heen well 
paid for my time, trouble and expense. 

I commenced a test on February 1st, on four 
heifers and two cows, but at the end of 30 
days found I was losing time and money and 
began feeding it to our entire herd of thorough- 
bred Herefords. Our experience with the Food 
has been entirely satisfactory. 

Walter Hadley. 

Walter G. Hadley is the son of '.he 
Honorable J. V. Hadley, chief justice 
of the Supreme Court of Indiana. To- 



CONSIDERS IT A FINISHER AND A MONEY- 
MAKER. 

Avoca, la.. May 24, 1901. 
This certifies that I fed eighteen steers two 
hundred pounds of Standard Food from Decem- 
ber 6, 1900, to May 20, 1901, and got extra 
good results from the same. I never had a 
steer off feed or had one scour in all that time. 
I do not know what they weighed when I put 
them on feed, so can give no figures. They 
averaged in age twenty-seven months and 
twenty days, and weighed, after five miles' 
drive, 1,287 pounds. I do not claim extreme 
weights, as several of them were out of two- 
year-old heifers, but I do claim that they were 
the best finished cattle that went out of Avoca 
this winter, and sold them for $5.20, which is 
twenty cents above the other cattle fed in this 
neighborhood. I consider your Food a money- 
maker and a finisher. Dominick Gross. 

PROVED BEST AND CHEAPEST. 

Kennard, Nebr., March 28, 1904. 

I have found Standard Stock Food to be all 
and more than your company claims for it, 
after feeding it to all kinds of stock. I have, 
as perhaps you know, fed other good stock 
foods, also a number of car loads of Oil Meal, 
but quit all but the Standard five years ago, 
it proving the best and cheapest. Would not 
think of feeding cattle without the use of 
Standard Food. 

With Standard Food fed cattle I have topped 
the market a number of times when in competi- 
tion with the good ones, but never without the 
food, and have been feeding cattle for thirty 



years. 



R. Blaco. 



5d 



The Standard Feeder — Part Tw^o 



A Standard Stock Food Farmer's 

Prosperity 

It would not be very correct to say the 
valley of Silver Creek, in describing a 
farm near that stream, for Silver Creek 
does not run through a valley. It runs 
through a level plain, and on each side 
are thousands of acres of meadow land 
which have never been touched by a 



to Clark's, nine or ten miles east, one 
goes over a level road across the flat 
lands, through which Silver Creek makes 
its placid way. 

Two or three miles from Clark's, one 
comes to the 400-acre farm of Mr. F. K. 
Spires, one of the most enthusiastic 
friends of Standard Stock Food to be met 
in Nebraska, the home of many users of 
the Food. 




Scenes on F. K. Spire's Fine Farm 



plow. This land yields large crops of up- 
land prairie hay and the owners are con- 
tent to make hay to sell instead of 
cropping the land. Here and there in this 
wide plain are places where farms have 
been established, and these farms yield 
large crops. 
Driving from Central City, Nebraska, 




A Bit of Pasture 



Mr. Spires has used Standard Stock 
Food ever since it was first introduced 
into his county, something like 14 years 
ago, and he not only uses it, but recom- 
mends it to his neighbors. 

Here were found Standard Stock Food 
fed cattle, calves, sheep and hogs, and 
our pictures show the kind of stock he 
keeps. His cows are pure-bred Short- 
horns, and the herd shows its blood to 
anyone at all acquainted with that noble 
old breed. 

He has a lot of calves running with 
their dams, and also a lot of skim-mi!k 
calves. The skim-milk calves had been 
fed Standard Stock Food and were fully 
as thrifty as those running with their 
dams. Mr. Spires said he wouiu like to 
see a better lot. 

A bunch of sheep that were fat enough 
for mutton had been fed Standard Stock 
Food by one of the boys until they 
crowded around him as soon as they saw 
him coming with a measure of it, de- 
serting the cool shade of the grove in 
the middle of the day to get at their 
favorite Food. 

In a pen were a bunch of pigs, ten 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



59 



months old, that would weigh fully 350 
pounds, average, that had been brought 
up on Standard Stock Food from the be- 
ginning. They were cross-bred, Poland- 
China and Chester White, and were both 
fat and strong, a combination not often 
found in corn-fed hogs. They came out 
of the pen standing square on their feet, 
and began to play like frisky young pigs. 

"There's nothing like it," said Mr. 
Spires, referring to Standard Stock Food. 
"Some of my neighbors think I get what 
I feed of it given to me in payment for 
talking about it, but I have always 
bought and paid for every pound of it 1 
have used. 

"I've tried it time and again too 
many years for it tO' be guess work 
with me when I feed it. I could tell 
in a minute that it is good, by compar- 
ing my stock with that of others who do 
not feed it. 

"I can't understand why men will stand 
in their own light by not using it. The 
price is no object. If a thing makes me 
money, I don't care what it costs. It 
isn't what I pay for it that I care for 
so long as it pays me to use it. 

"You tell Mr. Sanborn when you see 
him that I've got a lot of common cross- 
bred pigs that are as good as any pure- 
breds of the same age he ever saw. and 
that Standard Stock Food made them 
what they are. 

"I've got my money out 
of every pound of the 
Food I have ever used, 
and I think I've used it 
about as long as anybod.\ 
in Merrick County." 

Mr. Spires came to this 
country from England 
without a cent of his 
own, and his 400 acrfs 
have been earned by at- 
tention to farming and 
good business methods. 
His farm would readily 
sell for $20,000, and his 
stock is of the kind that 
sells at high prices. He 
gets $100 each for bull 
calves from his herd, and 
cannot supply enough of 
them. Standard Stock 
Food farmer prosperity 
Is his, and he deserves all of it. 



BETTER GAIN— BETTER PRICE. 

Neola, la., June 8, 1903. 

Compared with the cattle in the neighborhood 
that were not fed Standard Food, I can say 
that I am very well satisfied with the Standard 
Food that I fed my cattle. 

They were on feed six months and were fed 
corn and spoiled clover hay for roughness. I 
fed your Standard Food according to directions 
the last three months with very good results. 
They came out with considerably better gains 
and also sold at a better price, than the cat- 
tle in the neighborhood, that were not fed 
Standard Food, Hans Madson, 



THE MONEY TO SHOW. 

Honey Creek, la., June 19, 1903. 

I bought 39 head of yearlings in Omaha, 
on September 17, 1902, average weight per 
head, 690 lbs. I fed them a light ration to 
start on, and during the feed period fed ear 
and ihelled corn, shredded fodder and straw, 
barley, potatoes and Standard Food. I fed until 
marketed on June 11, 1903, and the full period 
was almost 9 months, but on a full feed about 
eight months. The average weight per steer 
shrunk in Omaha, was 1,150 lbs., showing a 
gain of 460 lbs. per head. For a long feed 
on light young stuff, through a winter period 
and on corn, such as we had the past year, I 
consider it a good gain. There was not a sign 
of belching or scouring during the feed and 
every head of them fed evenly and well. My 
hogs also did fine and the brood sows this 
spring are farrowing strong, healthy litters of 
pigs of good percentage, and with less trouble 
than usual. 

I have bought more Standard Food today 
and expect to continue using it. 

D. W. French. 

LARGER GAIN AND BETTER PRICE. 

Marcus, la,, September 8, 1901. 

I will say I am sure it paid me well to 
feed Standard Food. I bought 20 head of com- 
mon Dakota or Minnesota steers, and started to 
feed September 18, 1900, weight averaged 1,139 
pounds; sold February 23, 1901, weight averaged 
1,569 pounds; gain in 155 days, 457 pounds, 
and sold at $5,05 in Marcus, la. Drove five 
miles before weighing. 

I am sure I got a larger gain and at least 
10c better in price by feeding the Food. 1 
shall feed 20 head this winter and will feed 
Standard Food. Frank 'Wirt. 




Fed by A. McAllister 

NO EXPERIMENT, 

Holton, Kan,, May 16, 1903. 

I have used Standard Food for hogs for the 
last thirteen or fourteen years, nearly as long 
as there has been anyone selling it. 

I like to feed it to hogs. It is no experi- 
ment with me at present, as it has passed 
that stage. I buy it as an investment, and I 
know it is a good one. 

The last two years I have fed it to fattening 
cattle. I have used 500 lbs. this winter and 
my cattle have done well. I am shipping next 
Monday, and I will have the pleasure of going 
to the market with a nice, slick, well finished 
bunch of cattle. Yours truly, 

A. McAllister. 



60 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



Banks Solid on Standard Food 

Isaac Barker, Ireton, Iowa, is the 
owner of a big and profitable farm of 
1,200 acres, on wliich lie feeds about 100 
cattle and 300 hogs every year. We 
were unfortunate in not finding Mr. 
Barker at home, but we got some 
photographs of his stock. These show 
the kind he keeps. The "White Faces" 
standing in the shade of the willow 
trees were a particularly thrifty lot of 
long yearlings that Mr. Barker is 
bringing up in a money-making way. 



October 11 he drove them to Hawarden, 
12 miles, where they weighed 1472 pounds. 
They were sold in the yard before they 
were moved for $7.10 per cwt. 

Mr. Barker says he will make some 
of the other feeders around here, who 
think he is a fool for feeding Standard 
Stock Food, sick. He banks solid on 
Standard Stock Food. He is a jolly 
man and for a feeder can't be beat. 

A photo of the 34 head referred to in 
Mr. Pritchard's letter is reproduced 
with this, also one taken by a friend 
showing Mr. Barker at his home. 




Isaac Barker, His House and Stock 



Mr. Barker has long been a feeder of 
Standard Stock Food, having fed alto- 
gether about twelve tons since he first 
began, so he must be competent to talk 
understandingly on the subject. Al- 
though we missed seeing Mr. Barker, 
we have some evidence from him that is 
to the point. 

Mr. James Pritchard, agent for Stand- 
ard Stock Food, visited Mr. Barker on 
one of his regular trips and this is what 
he found, as told by himself: 

"In November he (Mr. Barker) bought 
a lot of small feeders, weighing be- 
tween 700 and 800 pounds per head, pay- 
ing $3.50 per cwt. for them. He let them 
run on the farm in the stalks with the 
rest of his young stuff, giving them a 
little corn fodder in addition to what they 
could forage. In May he started to feed 
a little corn broken in two, about Ave 
bushels a day to 60 head. During the 
last week in June he picked out 34 head 
of the tops, averaging 1.050 pounds, and 
put them on pasture and on full feed. 



A Convincing Test 

Test made by L. G. Bryan, Cedar Rap- 
ids, Neb., with Standard Food: 

42 head— Not fed Standard Food- 
Weighed Dec. 26, average 1,168 lbs. 

Weighed Jan. 30, average 1,252 lbs. 

Average gain per head in 34 

days 84 lbs. 

20 head— Fed Standard Food- 
Weighed Dec. 26, average 1,095 lbs. 

Weighed Jan. 30, average 1,201 lbs. 

Average gain per head in 34 

days 105 lbs. 

This shows a gain of 21 pounds per 
head in favor of the Food. There was 
one steer in the bunch that put on 155 
pounds from Dec. 26 to Jan. 26. There 
was also one steer that was sick for sev- 
eral days, and shrunk very badly, but he 
is coming along all right now. 

After Mr. Bryan weighed his cattle, 
he decided to feed them all the Food; 
so he started the 42 head, and will turn 
them all together as soon as he gets 
these cattle eating a full Food ration, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



61 



63.9 PER CENT BEEF. 

Kilduflf, Iowa, October 3, 1898. 

To Whom it May Concern; I hereby state 
that I raised and fed the two steers bought 
by the F. E. Sanborn Company and exhibit at 
the Omaha Exposition and Fat Stock Show. 

The larger steer, "Majesty," was 3 years 
old in May, 1898. He was fed, along with 40 
others, a good, growing ration of roug:hness, 
and ran in corn-stalks with some corn in the 
latter part of the winter, and was put on good 
pasture in the summer of 1897, without any 
corn. They ran in stalks last winter unt 1 
February 15th, with some corn while in stalk- 
field. About March 1st I got them on full 
feed, and the 1st of April I bought 2,000 



PAID FOR ITSELF IN SAVING WASTE. 
Marshalltown, la., March 14, 1901. 

I commenced feeding Standard Food to 55 
head of western cattle February 12, 1901, and 
have been entirely satisfied with results ob- 
tained. My cattle at that time were not eat- 
ing 20 bushels of corn per day and some were 
scouring a good deal; from the time I com- 
menced the use of the Food until the present, 
I have not had a single one off feed. Their 
digestion has been almost perfect. They grad- 
ually commenced to eat more corn and in 30 
days were eating 30 bushels of corn per day. 
The steers that were scouring before I started 
to use the Food, ceased on about the fourth 
day, and I have had no further trouble in this 




Thoroujlibreds Owned and Fed by W. L. Dennis 



pounds of STANDARD FOOD, and began feed- 
ing them a ration of ear-corn and STANDARD 
FOOD, and May 12th I put them on good pas- 
ture and shelled corn with the STANDARD 
FOOD. 

I never had cattle that did as well when 
taken out of dry lot to grass. They never 
missed a feed of corn when they were put on 
grass, which is uncommon for steers to do. 

In my other lot I have 82 steers; and in the 
107 steers have never had a steer off feed, nor 
any sore steers in the lot. 

The larger steer, "Majesty," weighed, the 
1st of March, 1,500 pounds, and October 1st, 
2,200 pounds, making a gain of 700 pounds in 
7 months, 

I have fed oil-meal and other different kinds 
of foods, but not with as good a result as 
with STANDARD FOOD. I was a little skep- 
tical of the Food; but, after a fair trial, will 
say that I am entirely satisfied with it, and 
that it will do all they claim for it. I am 
satisfied I got 20 cents per hundred more for my 
steers than if I had not fed the FOOD, and 
I got an increased gain per month of 30 
pounds, which, in all, would make a hand- 
some sum. Yours respectfully, 

W. L. Dennis. 

The four steers from this lot exhibited 
at the Trans-Mississippi Fat Stock Show 
won first, second and third premiums. 
and sweepstakes In the 3-year-oId grade 
class. 

Three were sold at South Omaha after- 
wards and dressed 63.^ per cent beef. 



direction. No belching of food, no off days. 
I consider the Food has paid for itself in sav- 
ing of the waste, by enabling the cattle to 
more thoroughly digest their food than they 
possibly could have done without it. I can 
honestly recommend the Food to anyone feeding 
cattle for market. I cannot give the exact 
gain made, as I made no test by actual scale 
weights, but so well satisfied am I with the 
results obtained by use of the Food, that I 
have this day ordered of your agent 300 pounds 
to finish feeding, and would not think of feed- 
ing cattle for market without the use of Stand- 
ard Food. W. C. Gada. 
"STANDARD FOOD IS ALL RIGHT." 
Conway, Taylor Co., la., Oct. 27, 1902. 

The following is the result of a feed made 
by me: 

Fifty native, grade steers (38 two-year-olds 
and 12 three-year-olds), roughed it through the 
winter and put on full feed May 1, 1902. They 
averaged 886 pounds, and were fed 5 months 
and 13 days, averaging 1,336 pounds in Chi- 
cago, and sold at 8 cents. The cattle were fed 
about one-third bushel of corn apiece per day, 
and 50 pounds of oil meal per head, during the 
entire feeding season, and a ration of Standard 
Food. 

There were 16 cars of cattle shipped from 
this locality (Bedford and Conway) on same 
day, and all on the same train. In going to 
Chicago on the train with the cattle, there were 
seven shippers and they agreed that the one 
whose cattle sold for 8 cents should pay for 
the suppers, and I was the only one whose cat- 
tle sold for 8 cents, and I paid for the sup- 
pers. 

Standard Food is all ri^ht. G. W. Hough, 



62 



The Standard Feeder — Part T^^o 



A Farm Worth Visiting 

The farm of Mr. J. H. Abbott Is lo- 
cated a few miles from Clarinda, Iowa, 
and is well worth visiting. It shows all 
the works of good farming, from the 
well cultivated and luxuriant crops, to 
the pleasant home surroundings, and the 
conveniences about it. 

Mr. Abbott is one of the county com- 
missioners and is regarded as a model of- 
ficer, and his management of the county- 
finances is highly commended by citizens 
of every political belief. 

He expressed some doubts as to his 
ability to get his lot of steers to stand 
for a picture, but our illustration shows 



tell almost to a certainty where the Food 
is used. If one comes to a nice farm, 
well cared for, and sees about the place 
sleek cattle, smooth, healthy pigs and 
plump, round horses, he is likely to think 
the owner feeds Standard Stock Food. 
In traveling over three states we did not 
see a run-down, ill-kept and neglected 
farm, where Standard Stock Food was 
used. It isn't used by this kind of farm- 
ers. It is the progressive, intelligent, 
money-making business farmer who uses 
Standard Stock Food, because he has dis- 
covered that he cannot afford not to 
use it. 

Not all good farmers are using it yet, 
but they are rapidly falling into line. 




Residence of J. H. Abbott and His Bunch of Thrifty Cattle 



that they lined themselves up as if they 
had been trained to pose for that very 
purpose. 

A chance glance into an outbuilding 
showed a pile of boxes filled with Stan- 
dard Stock Food, and, on being ques- 
tioned, Mr. Abbott said, he had been 
using the Food for some time, and found 
it very profitable. 

"I can say," he said, "that Standard 
Stock Food is all right. I keep it on 
hand all the time and use it regularly. 
It puts my cattle in good condition and 
keeps them that way. 

"My steers eat well all the time and 
get fat quick when I give them the Food, 
and I could hardly say too much for it. 
I wouldn't like to try to get along 
without it." 

After one has traveled about a while 
getting interviews with those who feed 
Standard Stock Food, he gets so he pan 



AN EVEN FEED— A BETTER FINISH— A 
SHORTER TIME. 
St. Mary's, Kan., Feb. 22, 1903. 

On October 26, 1902, we bought 2,000 lbs. of 
Standard Food from your agent, G. A. Dunham, 
to feed to 168 head of cattle. After feeding 
the ton of Food, we bought 1,000 lbs. more to 
finish the season's feed. 

We are well satisfied the Food made us 
money by keeping the cattle on an even feed, 
by increasing the amount of gain from the same 
amount of grain, by giving the cattle a better 
finish, and by shortening the feeding period. 

Moss Bros. 

The above letter from our customers, 
Messrs. Moss Bros., emphasizes three of 
the strong claims we make for Standard 
Food. Every feeder realizes the import- 
ance of an even feed, where his cattle 
are ready for a good regular ration ev- 
ery day. He appreciates the fact that 
the extra finish is worth 10 to 15 cents 
per cwt. He also knows that the short- 
ening of the feeding period means an acj- 
ditjonal profit, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



63 




Prize Winners Owned and Exhibited by M. T. Munsinger 



STANDARD FED CATTLE WIN. 

Tabor, la., Dec. 14, 1903. 

Dear Sirs: Your letter of the 9th inst., 
at hand asking for information in regard to 
the premiums won on the two loads of angus 
cattle exhibited by me at the International 
Live Stock Exposition, 

I won 1st premium ($200) on yearlings and 
3rd premium ($150) on two year olds. These 
were special premiums offered by the Aber- 
deen Angus Breeders Association. I should 
have probably received a premium on one or 
both loads in the car lot exhibit but for the 
fact that cattle three years old and over were 
entered in the 2-year-old class, and cattle 2 years 
old and over were entered in the yearling class. 
This did not give me a fair chance as compe- 
tent judges said I had the best cattle for their 
age in the show. 

These cattle were fed since April 15th, 1903. 
The two year olds averaged 950 lbs. when 
put in the lot and weighed 1,457 lbs. in Chi- 
cago, selling for $6.25 per hundred. The year- 
lings weighed 800 lbs. when put in the lot and 
tipped the beam at 1,308 lbs. in Chicago. 
These sold for $6.45 per hundred. The cattle 
were on a full ration of corn, Standard I'ood 
and tame grass pasture all the time, except 
the last two months, when they were put up 
in separate dry lots and fitted for the exposi- 
tion. I then changed the feed from whole 
corn to a ground feed of corn, wheat and oats. 
To this was added Standard Food and timothy 
hay. During the last two months I do not 
consider they made much if any gain on ac- 
count of their being annoyed by the men who 
were halter-breaking and otherwise fitting 
them for the show. When this is taken into 
consideration, I think they made a most sat- 
isfactory gain for the time fed. I consider 
Standard Food a most important factor in 
finishing cattle either when fitted for show or 
for the open market. 

Yours very respectfully, 

M. T. Munsinger. 

The following' clipping from a paper, 
commenting at the time on Mr. Mun- 
singer's exhibit, throws more light upon 
the fraudulent entries referred to in the 
above letter; 



Munsinger "Wins at Stock Show 

Myron Munsinger returned last week 
from Chicago minus his fine cattle, but 
with a pocket full of money and all 
kinds of glory and premiums in th^ir 
stead. 

Although this was the largest show 
in history Mr. Munsinger captured the 
first prize in the Angus special on year- 
lings and the third on 2-year-olds. This, 
too, in the face of the strongest competi- 
tion ever put up. It netted Mr. Mun- 
singer nearly $400 in premiums besides 
he sold his 2-year-olds for $6.25 and his 
yearlings for $6.50. We extend congrat- 
ulations to Mr. Munsinger and it is an 
honor not alone to him but to Mills coun- 
ty and Southwest Iowa. 

Mr. Munsinger achieved some little no- 
toriety by making an active fight against 
fraudulent entries. Another Iowa man 
had Angus cattle entered in the two-year- 
old class and was awarded a prize over 
all entries. A great many suspected that 
they were over age, but none but Mr. 
Munsinger had the sand to protest. The 
fellow fought the protest and tried with 
his men to keep the judges out of his 
pens. They went in, however, and exam- 
ined every one, finding some as high as 
four years old. Of course this knocked 
the man out and he went home empty- 
handed. 

THEY ALL LIKE IT. 
Kennard, Nebr., March 23, 1904. 
This is to certify that I have been using 
Standard Food for over five years and am well 
pleased with the results obtained from its use. 
I am feeding 70 head of cattle, 800 sheep and 
125 hogs; am feeding the food to all. I believe 
it will pay any man to use it. Last year I 
used 3,000 lbs; have bought 2,000 lbs. so far 
this year and will continue its use, 

C. C. Cunningham, 



64 



The Standard Feeder — Part Two 



An Up-To-Date Farmer 

Mr. Edward Hakes of Hawlej'ville, la., 
is one of the many heavy feeders, who is 
a staunch friend and large buyer of 
Standard Stock Food. 

Mr. Hakes is about 44 years of age and 
carries on his successful operations on a 
farm of 960 acres which he owns, located 



adopt them, looking not to see what ad- 
ditional expense the new method will be 
to him, but to see what profit he will 
get from the use of such methods. 

Mr. Hakes fed and shipped 30 carloads 
of stock last year. Since he started to 
feed Standard Stock Pood he has fed 
more than 7,000 lbs., and is now buying 
it in 5,(M)0 lb. lots. 




Views On Mr. Edward Hakes' Farm 



in Page county. He puts about 300 acres 
of this in corn, 150 acres in hay, and uses 
the balance of the land for pasture. 

Mr. Hakes' cattle number 250 head, his 
hogs 1,000 head and his horses 30 head. 

Mr. Hakes is up-to-date in his knowl- 
edge and methods of farming. He makes 
it his business to do what he can to pro- 
duce stock for market, in the best condi- 
tion, at the least expense, and in the very 
shortest time. He has found that this 
can be done by scientific and practical 
methods, and he does not hesitate to 



GAIN 3.4 LBS. PER DAY FOR 85 DAYS. 
Cresco, la,, March 20, 1899. 

My cattle, on October 17th, weighed 17,024 
pounds, an average of 851 1-5 pounds. From 
this time up to December 15th, I had trouble 
with my cattle. They scoured, declined to eat 
regularly, and I could not get them on right 
feed; but, on December 15th, I put them on 
Standard Stock Food, and from that on my cat- 
tle ate well, drank well, and gained well. 
They weighed, in March, 22.790 pounds, an 
average of l,139i^ pounds. They were on Stock 
Food for 85 days, and gained 3 2-5 pounds per 
day. 

I can cheerfully recommend Standard Stoch 
Food to all, 

0. G. Watros. 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



65 



Top Price a Regular Thing 

The following item taken from the 
Journal-Stockman of South Omaha ex- 
presses Mr. Whitney's belief in Standard 
Food: 

"When a man tops the market for one 
day he has reason to feel gratified, but 
when he beats the record for a numlSer 
of days he is doing something, and that 
is just what J. W. Whitney of Fullerton 
did this morning. He brought in thir- 
ty-six head of steers that sold at $5.95, 
the highest price paid on this market 



they averagec! to weigh at that time 755 pounds. 
I roughed them until the first of October, and 
began fesrting them corn about that time. I 
began feeding them Standard Food and got 
them on full feed in about six weeks. During 
the latter part of the feed I fed them shelled 
corn. Liuring the time they were on full feed 
they ate about eight bushels of corn per day. 
Their weights at South Omaha today were 
1,858 pounds avsrage, showing a net gain for 
the whole fendiiis period of 503 pounds. I re- 
ceived Si.Ti for these cattle, which, consider- 
ing the mark ;t, w.as a pood price. 

Judging from the gains which have been 
made in my locality during the past season, 
which have been from SCO to 400 pounds per 
head, I am sure that I received an extra gain 




Mr. J, W. Whitney, 
His Residence and Bam 



since July 11. It was a mixed bunch of 
grade Herefords. Shorthorns and Polled 
Angus cattle. They were of his own rais- 
ing and he had them on feed nine months. 
In addition to corn they were given 
Standard Food and oil meal. In speak- 
ing of his system of feeding and his rea- 
son for using prepared stock food, he 
said: "I find that Standard Food is a de- 
cided help in fattening a bunch of cattle 
for market. Before I began feeding it I 
had several steers in the lot that were 
not doing very good, but as soon as I 
began giving them Standard Food they 
came around all right and my cattle to- 
day were a very smooth and even lot.' " 



COST $40.00— PROFIT THREE TIMES AS 
MUCH. 
Beemer, Neb., May 11, 1899. 
I am glad to tell you what results I se- 
cured from feeding Standard Food to my cat- 
tle during the past season, which I have mar- 
keted this date through Byers Bros. & Co., at 
Scuth Omaha. There were 20 head in the 
bunch, I bought them the last of August, and 



from feeding Standard Food of at least 100 
pounds per head during the entire feeding pe- 
riod, and without doubt received at least 15 
cents per 100 pounds extra price on account of 
their better finish. 

The amount of Standard Food fed to these 
steers cost me less than $40.00, and I estimate 
that my prcfit from feeding it was at least 
three times as much. 

I have received the best of treatment from 
your agent, Mr. Jos. Kuns, and am glad to 
speak a good word for him and for your Stand- 
ard Food. A. English. 
"FINISH WORTH 10 CENTS TO 15 CENTS 
EXTRA." 
Baldwin, Kans., October 8, 1901. 

I fed corn to a bunch of 90 head of light 
cattle this summer while on grass, with a regu- 
lar daily ration (1-10 pound), of Standard 
Food. 

My cattle were 2-year-old steers and weighed 
an average of 705 pounds on May 1, 1901, at 
my farm. On September 24th they weig-hed 
an average of 1,163 pounds in Kansas City, 
making an average gain of 3 1-6 pounds per 
day for the entire 145 days. 

I consider this a good gain and that Stand- 
ard Food helped me greatly to get this result. 
My cattle also sold for 10 to 15 cents per cwt. 
more on account of the finish the cattle had 
over the cattle of the same class not fed 
Standard Food. F. X, Jardon. 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



66 



The Standard Feeder — Part Two 



A Good Feeder 

We take pleasure in presenting here a 
picture of a bunch of cattle fed by Mr. 
F. S. Childs, along- with a brief statement 
of his methods and a letter showing his 
attitude toward Standard Stock Food. 
Mr. Childs owns one of the best stock 
farms in Pottawattamie county, located 
about six miles east of Council Bluffs. 
He is one of the leading feeders in that 
part of the county and is noted for al- 
ways having his cattle well fitted for 
market when he ships them. Mr. Childs 
has been in the feeding business about 
14 years and is a believer in the modern 
methods of feeding. He has fed several 
other stock foods, but for the last two 
years has been feeding Standard Food 
alone, with good results. 

This bunch of cattle topped the market 
in South Omaha and made a splendid ap- 
pearance at that time. 



Lot Fed Standard Food, 

Pounds, 

Jan. 20, 20 steers averaged 833 Va 

Feb. 20, 20 steers averaged 913 V4 

Averag-e gain 79% 

Lot Not Fed Standard Food. 

Jan. 20, 20 steers averaged 874'/2 

Feb. 20, 20 steers averaged 9i2Vt 

Average gain 67% 

Average gain in favor of Standard Food was 
12 pounds per head. (Signed) H. S. Spath. 

The amount of Standard Food fed to 
these steers was 3 pounds per head in 
30 days. The cost at 1,000 pound rates 
was 24 cents per head. .The extra gain 
of 12 pounds per head at 4% cents per 
pound was worth 57 cents, leaving a net 
profit from feeding Standard Food of 33 
cents per head, which is about 150 per 
cent on the amount invested in Stand- 
ard Food. The extra gain secured from 
feedjng Standard Food was produced at 
a cost of $1.90 per hundred pounds. 




This Herd Topped the Market For F. S. Childs, Their Owner 



Council Bluffs, la., Aug, 11, 1903. 
Dear Sirs; Yours of the 4th received, The 
cattle of which you write were fed about nine 
months. They were started on ear corn and 
finished on shelled corn and Standard Stock 
Food, with a mixture of millet, tame hay and 
wild hay. They made a gain of 493 lbs., 
weighed in South Omaha, and sold for $5.00 
per cwt., the top of the market that day. 
Yours truly, 

F. S. Childs. 

A GOOD SHOWING. 

Scribner, Neb., February 20, 1900. 

This is the result of my test feed with 
Standard Food on two bunches of steers of 20 
head each for 30 days. Both bunches were fed 
the same amount of corn and the same kind of 
rough feed and water. 

Cattle were weighed in January 20, 1900, and 
weighed out February 20, 1900. 



GAIN 1041 J LBS. IN 45 DAYS. 
Staplehurst, Neb,, November 13, 1899. 

Gentlemen; Your agent wanted me to give 
you some figures showing the results of feed- 
ing Standard Food to my cattle. On Septem- 
ber 11, 1899, 18 head of mixed cattle weighed 
on an average 790 pounds per head, and on 
October 26, 1899, they average 895 pounds per 
head, after 45 days' feed on snapped and 
shelled corn and Standard Food, making a gain 
in that time of 104'/2 pounds per head. 

I could see that Standard Food aided very 
much in the digestion of the grain that the 
cattle ate. They had a better appetite and ate 
more of an even ration all the time. I believe 
Standard Food is a profitable article to feed. 

It cost me about 25 or 30 cents a head per 
month to feed my cattle with Standard Food, 
and the gain from it was at least 15 poundi 
extra per month per head — more than I ever 
got from the same grade of cattle that I ever 
fed before. C. Abraham. 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



67 



^^^^H^H^^^' ''^' 




^^ 


'"■fTSS^T 




^^^^jg 


H^l^HHHiVRIi 


^ 


Jli:>- y. ■« ' *« a « ^'fSMUi^ 






. 



These Made a Profit For John Shambaag:h, Booneville, la. 



ONE OF THE 100,000. 

Boon2ville, Iowa, Nov. 25, 1897. 
Dear Sirs: By request of your agent, I 
send you a statement of my feeding of fifty 
head of yearlings. The greater part of them 
were bought Sept. 29, 1896. Their weight 
was 825 lbs. They were brought home and 
turned on pasture until my corn was gathered, 
then they ran in 120 acres of stalks; then 
commenced feeding hay and corn, so by the 
first of March, 1397, they were eating a peck 
of corn per head per day. They were fed on 
that ration of corn until the 1st of August ; 
then we commenced to increase the corn ra- 
tion to all they would clean up in about one 
and a half hours. I commenced feeding Stan- 
dard Food Aug. 26th. The cattle were ship- 
ped Nov. 17th, and were delayed so that they 
were not on the market until 2:00 P. M., Nov. 
18th, ai.J sold for $5.20 per cwt. They 
weighed in Chicago, 1,485^2 lbs. per head; 
allowing 45 lbs. for shrinking would make 
them weigh l,530y2 lbs. at home, or a gain 
of 705 Vz lbs. in the above mentioned time. 
The finish I had on my cattle was good and 
I am well satisfied with the Standard Food. 
Very truly yours, 

JOiin S::ambaugh. 



GREW LIK-E WEEDS. 

Winterset, la. 

This is to certify that the calves, 26 in 
number, shown in this picture, were raised 
by me in the year 1902. I raised two calves 
on each cow. I weaned them Oct. 1st. when 
I commenced to feed them on a ration of 
crushed corn and cob meal, with oats and a 
calf's ration of Standard Stock Food. At one 
year old they averaged 800 lbs. They are the 
best bunch of calves I have ever raised and 
would recommend Standard Stock Food to 
my brother farmers to feed to their calves. 
It makes bigger cattle for the grain eaten. 

I raised, in 1902, fifty-four pigs that were 
farrowed in April, May, and June. They 
were loaded on the cars at Winterset, Dec. 
6th, and were on the Chicago market Dec. 
8th. They were weighed about 1 o'clock P. 
M., and averaged 238 lbs. They were seven 
months old. I fed them Standard Stock Food 
every day after they were old enough to eat, 
and they grew like weeds. 

I think Standard Food is the right thin-^ 
to feed along with the grain ration for grow.< 
ing and fattening stock. 

Yours truly, 

H. H. Finney. 




A Fine Bunch of Caly«» Raised ty H. H. Fiaaey, Wiotersot, U, 



66 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



Some Fine Polled Angus 

These twenty head of Polled Angus 
Steers were bought by Mr. Thurber July 
20th, when they were just past yearlings, 
and weighed 1,280 pounds. They were 
fed snapped corn, and during the last four 
months of their feed were fed Standard 
Pood. They were entered in the Second 
Annual Exhibition of Fat Stock held at 
Union Stock Yards, South Omaha, De- 
cember 12, 1900, and won second place, 
although they were the finest finished 
bunch of steers shown in the contest. 



They were a finely finished lot and sold in 
Chicago at $5.10 per cwt,, being within 15 
cents of top. One load sold same day at $5.25. 

Mr. Lane said his cattle were fed very light- 
ly for the first month or six weeks, and were 
gaining about 2V2 lbs. per day when he began 
using the Standard Stock Food. When I saw 
them in February they were a nice lot except 
two or three that were scouring, I told him 
then that I thought he would get "top," or 
very near it if he would feed them Standard 
Stock Food. He had no further trouble — scour- 
ing — and said they were always ready for their 
feed. W. B. Parsons. 

THE DIFFZELrCE. 

Benan, la., July 15, 1399. 
The figures below are the results ot a test 




Owned and Fed by Mr. W. R. Thurber, of Ong, Neb. 



The best steer in the lot. named "Mc- 
Kinley," sold to Armour & Company at 
$20.00 per cwt. The balance were re- 
shipped to St. Joseph and sold there the 
next day for $6.75 per cwt., at an average 
weight of 1,688 pounds. Mr. Thurber 
estimates the shrinkage resulting from 
delay, reshipment, etc., at forty pounds 
per head. 

FROM INDIANA. 

On February 20, 1903, I sold to Mr. E. W. 
Lane, of Colfax, Ind., 200 lbs. of Standard 
Stock Food to feed to twenty head of two-year- 
old steers then on feed. Today he gave me 
from his books the following statement: 
Total weight, 20 head, Oct. 30. 1902.19,930 lbs. 
Total weight, 20 head, Mar. 26, 1903.24,240 lbs. 
Total weight when sold, May 16, 1903.27,840 lbs. 

Began feeding the Stock Food about March 
10th. 
These figures show total gain from 

Oct. 30, to Mar. 26th— 144 days... 4,310 lbs. 

Daily average gain per head 1'4 lbs. 

Total gain. Mar, 26th to May 16th, 

when sold — 50 days 3,600 lbs. 

P?kily average gain per h?*4 ,..,... ? 3-6 lb?, 



food and Standard 



feed between 

Food, fed to cattle. 

I commenced to feed both bunches the 26th 
of January, 1899. Weighed and shipped them 
in Glidden on the 24th of June, 1899, a period 
of 148 days. 

There were 57 head of cattle in the bunch 

that was fed food, that weighed 

62,710 pounds January 20th, and June 24th 
they weighed 74,925. There were 22 head in 
the Standard Food bunch and they weighed 
20 660 pounds January 26, 1899, and June 24, 
1899, 26,185 pounds. 

These cattle were all bought in a bunch, I 
sorted out 22 head of the lighter cattle and 
fed them Standard Food and the larger cat- 
tle food. 

They cost $3.25 at home and sold for $5.15 
in Chicago. These cattle were Panhandle cat- 
tle. Never saw any corn before put in feed- 
lot. C. V. Fisher. 

Cattle fed on food: 57 head fed 

5 months and 4 days; gain, 214.3 pounds 
per head. 

Cattle fed on Standard Food: 22 head 
fed 4 months and 28 days; gain, §51 
pounds per head, 



Care and Feeding of Cattle 



69 




Owned and Fed by H. A. VanHoosen, of Osceola, Neb. 



H. A. Van Hoosen's Test Feed 

During the winter of 189S-99. Fifty-four 
head averaging 1,130 pounds, were put on 
a full ration of corn and Standard Food 
Dec. 2. 1S98. On May 2, 1899, they were 
shipped to South Omaha, where their av- 
erage weight was 1,452^^ pounds, thus 
showing an average gain during the five 
months feed of 3221/2 pounds; that is 64^/2 
pounds per head, or about 2 1-7 pounds 
per day. These were only medium grade 
cattle, yet they sold for $4.70 per hundred 
pounds on the South Omaha market, $4.80 
being the highest price iiaid that day. 



Rose Hill, la., Oct, 19, 1904. 
To Whom It May Concern: 

This is the result of a scale test made by 
me on cattle with Standard Stock Food. 

I had fed quite a lot of food before, but 
was not sure as to the amount of benefit de- 
rived, so I determined to find out by a scale 
test, what profit there was in feeding the 
Standard Stock Food, 

I had 18 head of steers which I had been 
feeding about 90 days, when the Standard 
Food agent called on me and induced me to 
make a scale test for 60 days. The cattle had 
been doing so well that I did not think it 
possible to make them do any better, but the 
agent insisted that I could, so I tried it. I 
began the test August first, letting the cattle 
run in the pasture together in the day time, 
separating them in the evening at feeding 
time. I fed each lot of 9 head, the same 
amount of corn. During August the cattle 
getting the Standard Food made an extra gain 
pf 7 pounds per head over the ones not get- 



ting Standard Food, and during September an 
extra gain of 13 pounds per head, making 20 
pounds extra gain per head in 60 days. 

I fed the food according to directions in the 
box. It was also plain to the eye that the 
Standard Food cattle were doing better than 
the others. There were several different men 
who looked at the cattle and remarked about 
the diflference in the way were doing. 

I was fully convinced at the end of the first 
month that a man could afford to feed Stand- 
ard Food to everything that he feeds grain to, 
so I gave my order for 500 pounds and I in- 
tend to keep it on hand hereafter. 

I have also tried several other cheaper foods; 
that is, foods selling for less money per pound, 
claiming to be cheaper, but in reality not as 
cheap, as they do not produce the results, and 
results are what we are feeding for. The food 
which makes us the most profit is what we 
want, no matter what it costs. Yours respect- 
fully, Michael Denney. 

"ANOTHER 500 POUNDS." 

Emerson, Neb., April 17, 1902. 

I put 20 steers in the yard February 10th. 
average weight at that time, 839 pounds. Fed 
shelled corn and regular ration of Standard 
Food from that date until April 11th, when I 
weighed again, with an average weight of 
1,059 pounds, or 220 pounds gain each in sixty 
days. 

Since January 24th I have sold, at home, two 
loads of steers, one load at $6.10, the other at 
$6.15. The first load was put in thfe yard Sep- 
tember 1st and sold January 24th. Second load 
put in the yard November 7th and sold April 
2nd. Both loads were finished on Standard 
Food and made an average gain of about 2% 
pounds per day. 

I have this day purchased another 500 pounds 
of Food to finish out my cattle ; also will feed 
my hogs Standard Food, W. C. Ryan, 



70 



The Standard Feeder— Part Two 



FAVORS THE STANDARD. 

Le Mars, la., March 1, 1901. 

After your agent had presented to me the 
claims of Standard Food, I decided, about two 
months ago, to make a test feed. My cattle, 
consisting of 46 head of yearlings, were di- 
vided into two hunches; the one weighed 18,630 
pounds, or an average of 810 pounds: the other 
weighed 16,285 pounds, or an average of 708 
pounds per head. Your agent called again and 
I gave him his choice of the hunches to which 
Standard Food should be fed. He took the 
bunch that averaged 708 pounds per head. These 
cattle were fed exactly alike, with the excep- 
tion of Standard Food. The ration was snapped 
corn and an ordinary amount of roughness. The 
Standard Food fed cattle were allowed to drink 
twice a day; the other lot had free access to 
water at all times. 

At the end of 59 days I again weighed these 
cattle. The lot without Standard Food weighed 
21,135, a gain of 2,505 pounds, or 1.86 pounds 
per head per day; the lot fed Standard Food 
weighed 19,150 pounds, a gain of 2,865 pounds, 
or 2.11 pounds per head per day. 

I consider this a very good showing, and de- 
cidedly in favor of Standard Food. 

James Thorns. 



WHEN FEEDING, FEED RIGHT. 

Hardy, Neb., July 11, 1903. 

On February 2, 1903, I sorted out 40 cattle 
from my bunch of 300, such as I thought would 
make good gains on short feed. They weighed 
32.fi45 lbs. I gradually increased their ration 
until on a full feed of ground ear corn, alfalfa 
hay, 21/2 lbs. of wheat bran each per day, 
feeding at night and morning regularly with 
your Stock Food and the latter part of the time 
soaking the ear corn and not grinding it. I 
sold them on the 10th of June, four months 
and eight days, and they weighed 48,265 lbs., 
showing what proper feed with good care will 
do, and, if anything is worth doing at all it is 
worth doing right. L. P. Whiting. 

The following condensed statement 
shows more clearly the good gains made 
by Mr. Whiting in feeding this bunch of 
cattle: 

Total weight Feb. 4, 1903 32,245 lbs. 

Total weight June 10, 1903 48,265 lbs. 

Total gain in 128 days 16,020 lbs. 

Average gain per head 400i/^ lbs. 

Gain per head per day 3.13 lbs, 




jome Good Toung Ones Owned by Mr. Thos. Gray 



BEST GAIN EVER MADE. 

Lyndon, Kansas, April 27, 1903. 
Dear Sirs; I have been feeding Standard 
Food for nearly five months and am very well 
pleased with the results. I do not think 1 
have ever fed a bunch of young cattle that 
have made a better gain than these. 
Yours very respectfully, 

Thos. Gray. 

CUDAHY RANCH. 

"I cannot give the exact weights of the 456 
cattle fed the 6,000 pounds of Standard Food 
last winter, as they were shipped out at dif- 
ferent times. 

"I never had cattle feed as well as these 
cattle did. I can safely say the gain was 375 
pounds. They were fed on an average of about 
six months, and through February, the worst 
month for feeding I ever _saw. 

"We like Standard Food, and will faad it 
again." 

i:. C. GoodeU, 



THE STANDARD IS DIFFERENT. 

Holbrook, Iowa, Febr. 26, 1904. 

Last spring I was feeding a load of Angus 
steers and they were not doing as well as I 
thought they should, as they were off feed and 
scouring. So your agent persuaded me to try 
feeding some Standard Food. Soon after I 
commenced feeding I noticed my cattle doing 
better, and they quit scouring. I fed those 
cattle for five months and shipped them to Chi- 
cago, and they sold for $5.90, which was with- 
in 10 cents of the top of the market that day. 

I have also fed Standard Food to my hogs 
and horses. I find I can do more work with my 
horses on less grain and keep them in a bet- 
ter condition. I also find it very valuable for 
fattening and growing hogs. In fact, I don't 
see how any farmer can afford to be without 
Standard Food. I have fed other foods, but I 
did not get the results which I did from Stand- 
ard Food. I think it has no equal. 

I have purchased three five-hundred-pound 
orders of Standard Food in the last year. 1 
can cheerfully recommend it to anyone fatten- 
ing and growing stock, I would not think of 
feedinir without it. Michael Donahoe, 



t^.clS^M 




CARE AND FEEDING OF S\^INE 







THE AMERICAN HOG, derided and scorned while alive, 
plays a part second to none in feeding the hungry mouth of 
civilized man, the world over. 

Brought up on sweet skim milk, pastured on the fragrant 
bloom of alfalfa, for which he contests with the busy honey bee, 
fattened on Indian corn and pure water, he lays his sweet and 
iuicy body on the block, a squealing but not unwilling sacrifice to 
the appetite of all men and women who love a dainty, toothsome 
morsel. 

The proud steer and the aristocratic venison yield no meat 
that is not improved by a rasher from the side of the lowly 
swine. 

Nor is that all. The American farmer has brought the hog to 
his proud place in the gastronomic world, and the hog has been 
grateful enough to repay him a thousand fold. 

He has rooted the mortgage off the farm and boosted many 
a farmer into a position of comfort and affluence. 

He has built houses and barns and educated an army of the 
brightest men and women America has produced. He's a great 
institution. All he needs is a fair field and a chance. 

Standard Stock Food will do more to help him earn money 
for you than any other one thing in the world. 

// makes stock thrive. 

It gives him the chance he wants. 

Will you give him a chance at the chance ? 

n 



72 


The Standard Feeder— Part Three 




CARE AND FEEDING OF SWINE 



Swine Raising Business Not Sentiment 

nHERE is no sentiment in swine 
raising. It is business pure and 
simple. 
The swine-breeder must love his 
animals and all that; he must have a 
speaking acquaintance with them and al- 
most know them by name; he must pet 
them and study them; he must be able 
to enccr the pen of any sow and pick up 
a pig from the litter without a snort or 
protest from the mother, but this inti- 
mate knowledge has no sentiment in it. 

It's for business purposes only. 

It is necessary because it pays. 

The hog is liable to sudden changes in 
condition and the hog-raiser must be in 
close touch with his herd, not only every 
day, but at all times of the day. 

He must come pretty near living in 
the pig lot. 

He must be able to note any irregular- 
ity in the color of the hog's nose; any 
change in the twist of his tail; any droop- 
ing of his ears— just as quickly as he no- 
tices a change in the physical appearance 
of one of his family. 

For these things indicate the hog's gen- 
eral condition and his condition must be 
right if he is to make money for his 
owner. 

Selection of Brood Stock 

THE SOW.— Don't use wedge-shaped 
sows for your breeders. If you do, you'll 
be pretty sure to get pigs of the same 
kind. 

The objections to them are not only 
that they are unattractive in appearance, 
but they lack in heart girth— a most im- 
portant consideration. 

A full heart girth indicates good lung- 
power, good circulation, well-developed 
vitality and an active temperament, as 
well as easy feeders and powers to re- 
sist disease. 

THE BOAR should be selected with 
equal— yes, with even greater care, for 
his influence equals the combined in- 
fluence of all the sows in the herd, as- 
suming that their powers of transmis- 
sion are equal to his. 

The Boar should be of strong build, 
and yet without coarseness— neck, body 
and legs short for the breed. They mean 
bodily vigor and indicate easy feeding. 

Reasonable compactness of form is 
more important in the boar than in the 
sow. 

Symmetry is important. 

Successful discrimination in choosing 
the evidence of masculinity— such as 
strength of development in head, neck, 



shoulders, bone and hair— will insure the 
results you ought to get. 

Purity of blood is of great importance 
and the right kind of pedigree is a thing 
to look to carefully. 

Without it you cannot be just sure of 
what you are doing. 

Management of Boar 

Tour boar, if well developed and in 
good condition, is ready for reasonable 
service at ten months of age. 

His vigor and potency depend upon 
care, feed and exercise. 

He should have a separate house and 
paddock during stud service and at no 
time be allowed to run with the herd. 

Do not take him from his regular 
place, but turn the sow in to him. 
Permit only one service. 

Feed corn lightly. Give him bran, 
shorts, ground oats, barley, alfalfa or 
clover hay, roots and milk. 

Keep his quarters sweet and clean 
and allow him plenty of exercise. 

Let him have free access to charcoal, 
wood ashes, salt and feed him a regular 
ration of Standard Stock Food. 

Keep him in good, thrifty condition, 
but avoid getting him too fat. 

Standard Stock Food will increase his 
vitality and mtike him a better and surer 
sire. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Thousands of the most successful hog- 
raisers in the country use it. 

With such treatment the bor.r is good 
for ten years' service. 

Need of a Good Hog House 

The first thing you want in the hog 
business is a good hog-house. 

You can't get along without it. 

In the old days we housed the hogs 
around the straw stacks and in the fence 
corners, sometimes quite successfully, but 
there's too much risk in the hog business 
unless you have good shelter for both 
sows and pigs. 

And it is the right place for your fat- 
tening shoats after the breeding season 
is over. 

It isn't a question of your being able 
to afford it. The point is, you can't get 
along without it. 

Set your hog-house with the ends north 
and south. 

Build it with an alley running up and 
down the center, with pens on each side. 

Then the sun strikes one side in the 
morning and the other in the afternoon. 

Get plenty of sunshine into it. 

Connect each pen with an outside lot. 



Care and Feeding of S'w^ine 



73 



KEEP THINGS CLEAN.— Above all 
things keep the hog-house and all Its sur- 
roundings clean. 

The hog is naturally a clean animal 
and if given a chance will prove it. 

Pure air is necessary to healthfulness. 
and sunshine is the greatest disinfectant 
in the world. 

But go farther than that. Clean the 
floors and troughs as regularly as your 
wife washes the dishes. 

It means work— yes, but it pays. 

Don't let manure and filth accumulate 
anywhere. 

Use good bedding; it's almost as neces- 
sary as good feed. 

Sprinkle the pens and yards occasional- 
ly with air-slacked lime. 

Don't be afraid of disinfectants. Use 
a 5 per cent, solution of crude carbolic 
acid. Use it generously wherever the 
hogs sleep or eat or lie. 

These things are all death to disease 
germs and vermin, and you've got to take 
them into account if you make the busi- 
ness pay. 

Hog Lice 

No good hog-raiser has lousy hogs. 
His hogs may get lousy. Iiut it's his 
fault if they stay so. 



Use crude carbolic acid and lard, in 
equal parts; rub it on the neck, around 
the ears, back of the fore-legs, on the 
back part of the hams and along the 
back. 

Or you may use coal-oil and lard or 
coal-oil and linseed oil. in equal parts, 
applying as described above. 

In addition to this, sprinkle the sleep- 
ing quarters several times with coal-oil, 
or crude carbolic acid and water. 

Do this right and it will exterminate 
the lice. 

A good carbolic dip is an excellent thing 
to have around the hog yard. 

If it is the right kind, it is economical 
and effective— not only in destroying ver- 
min, but in disinfecting. 

For destroying vermin it may be di- 
luted and used as a spray, or with a dip- 
ping tank the hogs may be easily dipped. 

Hogs free from lice are much more 
comfortable. 

Consequently they do better, and are 
less subject to unthriftiness and disease. 

We expect to put a dip on the market 
shortly. 

When we do. it will be the best we can 
make. 




-■ ' tS if y s vr- r.«i« 



— mW — ■ -* '-*'~^- 



Shorten the 
fattening period 



When you are crowding a steer or hog to 
the limit, you are naturally thankful for 
anything- that will prevent the animal from 
going "off feed." 

Standard Stock Food 

does two things: It whets the appetite so 
that the animal eats more, and it aids in 
the work of digestion and assimilation, so 
that the animal gets more good out of the 
feed you feed. 

It enables you to push the animal more 

rapidly. 

You can finish it in shorter time. 

You can finish it with less grain, if you use 

Standard Stock Food. 

It makes stock thrive. 

More than 100,000 farmers and feeders 

say so. 




y 



74 



The Standard Feeder— Pan. Three 



Care of the Brood Sow- 
It is of the highest importance that 
the brood sow be kept in a vigorous, 
thrifty conditon— not too fat, but full of 
vitality. 

This is important not only as the period 
of pregnancy draws 1o a close, but at 
the start— at the time of service. 

If both boar and sow are in a strong, 
vigorous condition, we have a right to 
expect more pigs and better pigs— just as 
a thrifty tree in fertile soil will yield 
more fruit and better fruit than a poor 
tree in poor soil. 

That is why Standard Stock Food feed- 
ers have such uniformly ^ood results 
from their brood sows. 

It helps to keep up the sow's vitality, 
promotes her thrift and puts her in con- 
dition to bear a large litter. 

Feed the brood sow but little corn; it is 
too heating and too rich in fat-forming 
elements. 

Remember that the young pig is very 
largely a nitrogenous product and can- 
not be made from an almost exclusively 
carbonaceous diet like corn. 

Bran, shorts, clover, alfalfa and roots 
are best. 

As farrowing time approaches, let the 
feed be more sloppy and begin to limit 
the quantity. 

Feed a small ration of Standard Stock 




Evan McFarlin's Toppers 



"ALL CLEAR GAIS." 

New Sharon. la,, June 30, 1903. 
Gentlemen: I send you a photograph of the 
bogs that followed the cattle to which I fed 
Standard Stock Food. I began feeding them on 
February 1, 1903, and sold them in Chicago, 
June 22nd, for $6.12^^ per owt., this being the 
top for heavy hogs. They weighed 397 'i lbs., 
and were about 13 months old. I am well sat- 
isfied, and am convinced that the hogs which 
follow Standard Food fed cattle will derive 
enough benefit from the Food to pay for it, thus 
leaving all the extra gain and finish clear profit 
for the feeder. 

Yours truly, 

£van MoFarlin. 



Food continually during the period of 
pregnancy (ordinarily sixteen weeks) until 
a few days before farrowing, when its 
use may be omitted, until you begin to in- 
crease the ration after farrowing. 

It will keep the bowels active, the di- 
gestive apparatus in good condition and 
prevent any tendency toward irregular- 
ity. 

We have thousands of customers who 
feed Standard Stock Food to brood sows 
and who would no more think of doing 
without it than without shelter for them. 
There is probably no place where the 
use of a little of it pays back so much in 
satisfaction and profit. 
It makes stock thrive. 
AT FARROWING TIME.— Be on good 
terms with the brood sow. 

Have a close, intimate acquaintance 
with her. 
It will come handy at farrowing time. 
Pet her and talk to her. Hold the pigs 
up to nurse and she will let you do it. 

Feed the sow nothing for the first 
twenty-four hours — water is all that is 
necessary. 

Don't give her cold water. Take the 
chill off. 

After the first day, add a handful of 
bran to the drink and gradually increase 
it. 

Feed light feed until you have worked 
her up to a good ration. Then draw on 
all the feeds at your 
command; shorts, ground 
oats, corn meal, ground 
peas, barley, bran, skim- 
milk are all good. 

Cooked roots, with a 
liberal mixture of corn- 
meal, make an ideal ra- 
tion. 

Care should be taken, 
however, not 
feed. 

When two 
wpfks old the little fel- 
lows will begin to take 
some nourishment pro- 
vided for them in a sepa- 
rate trough, which should 
be li cated in a conveni- 
ent place, accessible to 
them, but not to the 
dam. 

A PROFITABLE FEED. 

Blockton, la,, Jan. 11, 1904. 
I have fed Standard Stock Food for the past 
two seasons, with good success. Fed it the past 
season to my spring pigs and they did fine. 
There were 83 head in the bunch. They com- 
menced farrowing the first of April, 1903, and 
finished farrowing the 20th of April. I sold 
them on the 22nd day of November, 1903, aver- 
aging 195 lbs. per head. Their average age 
was about sevan months and ten days and sold 
for $4,50 in St. Joseph, on November 25, 1903. 
I never had hogs do better and think Standard 
Food is all right, A valuable addition to the 
grain ration. I have fed about 500 lbs. and 
am going to continue to use it, as I think it a 
money-maker and think every farmer should 
use it as it will make him money. 

David Sanders. 



to over- 



or three 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



75 



I 



Give them just a little feed in the 
trough and when this is eaten give more. 
Skimmilk with a mixture of shorts is 
good for them. 

■A little soaked corn scattered over the 
floor will keep them busy and give them 
exercise. 

Encourage them to eat as much as pos- 
sible so as to relieve the drain upon the 
sow. 

The object of feeding the brood sow at 
this time is to produce a 
large flow of rich milk, 
and to maintain her con- 
dition while she is suck- 
ling the young pigs, 
which are drawing upon 
her more heavily every 
day. 

This calls for sensible 
feeding. Keep up her ap- 
petite and keep the di- 
gestion toned up to its 
fullest activity with a 
daily ration of Standard 
Stock Food. 

It will increase the 
flow of milk, and its good 
results will be apparent 
in the thrift and condi- 
tion of the growing pigs. 

It ma'kes stock thrive. 

It gives vitality and en- 
ergy to the sow, and 
helps, more than any- 
thing else you can use, 
to prevent common shrinkage durin 
suckling period. ! 

Sows frequently shrink forty pounds or 
more while suckling a litter of pigs. 
This may be very largely prevented by 
adding Standard Stock Food to a properly 
selected, sensibly-fed grain ration. 

SCOURS.— Well-fed young pigs may be- 
come too fat. 

If they do there is likely to be some 
loss, unless abundant exercise is fur- 
nished. 

Get them out doors, and see that they 
get the exercise needed. 

Your own ingenuity will furnish it. 

If the sow is overfed the pigs are liable 
to scour. 

The first thing to do is to cut down the 
feed supply. 

In case of scours don't lay the blame to 
Standard Stock Food, for it has never 
scoured any animal. 

Feed the sow dry bran and whole 
grain, barley preferred, and instead of 
swill, give sweet milk with lime water 
in It. 

Usually a reduction of the feed supply 
is all that is necessary. 

Give the pigs, when scouring, a dose of 
plain, baking soda. There is nothing bet- 
ter. 

Look after the comfort of the sleeping 
quarters and protect the litter against 
cold and chill. 

PIGS AT WEANING TIME.-When it 



comes to weaning the pigs, they should 
never know when the change takes place. 



FEEDS IT FOR DOLLARS. 

Chariton, la., Apr. 22, 1899. 
Last fall I bought of your agent 100 pounds 
of Standard Food to feed some calves for thrift 
and growth, and must say my expectations 
were more than realized. I then began feeding 
it to my hogs and I never had hogs do so well 
in my life. 

You can count on me as a continuous user of 




the 



Residence of George Stafford. 

standard Food, as I am in the stock raising 
business for the dollars. This is the reason 
why I feed Standard Food, because it pushes 
them faster and makes them sleeker than any 
other way of feeding. 

I consider it cheaper by far than Oil Meal. 
Samuel Neptune. 

THE WHOLE LINE IS STANDARD. 

Hamburg, la., Sept. 4, 1904. 
Gentlemen: I can recommend your Standard 
Food very highly for brood sows and growing 
shoats. It keeps them in good thrifty grow- 
ing order. 

I can recommend your worm expeller very 
highly for expelling worms from shoats. 
Yours truly, 

George Stafford. 

STANDARD FOOD PAYS. 

Denver, 111., April 19, 1899. 

I have thoroughly tested Standard Food and 
have- found it profitable to feed to hogs. I com- 
menced feeding Standard Food six years ago 
and as my scales were handy I weighed my 
hogs often and found a gain of two pounds per 
day. I could make a bunch of shoats average 
200 pounds at six months old. I could not now 
give definite weights on the amount of extra 
gain produced but I am sure the use of Stand- 
ard Food has made me money, making a hand- 
some profit over cost. I have been able to get 
top prices, and no one has any heavier hogs 
than I do at the same age. 

I hf.ve found raising hogs to be profitable 
and I give Standard Food the credit. I would 
not raise hogs without it if I could get it. I 
heartily recommend it to all hog raisers, both 
for security and profit. I feed Standard Food 
because it pays. It is very important for feed- 
ing to brood sows, as it is fine for young pigs. 
There is no place where the small amount in- 
vested will pay a better or quicker profit. 

I. H. McClintook, 



76 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 



They should be self-sustaining— inde- 
pendent of the dam before that time. 

If you begin feeding them from a side 
trough when they are two or three weeks 
old, you can have them eating a pretty 
good ration by the time they are seven 
or eight weeks old, and that is about the 
time to take them away from the dam 
and begin feeding them Standard Stock 
Food. 
^ /'j 

THREE GOOD •' ., 

YEARS. ^~ '• 

North Loup, Neb., v 

July 14, 1904. 
I have fed 400 lbs. 
of Standard Food to 
hogs during the past 
three years with good 
results. I know from 
experience that when 
it is fed properly, it 
will do all that is 
claimed for it. 

I. F. VanOsdel. 



This is best done by removing the two 
strongest pigs in the litter to a separate 
pen and after a few days take away 
another pair, and so on until they are all 
removed, choosing the strongest each 
time. 

This practice allows the milk flow of 
the dam to decrease gradually until it 
ceases entirely. 

Your neighbors probably follow the 
practice of allowing the pigs to wean 
themselves. 

It is not a bad one, either, and can 
ensily be done by supplying them liberal- 




GOOD FLESH WHILE SUCKLING 

Casey, Iowa, Febr. 6, 1904. 

Gentlemen: Your agent, Mr. D. W. Shinn, 
requested me to state my experience in feed- 
ing your V/orm Powder and Stock Food to my 
hogs, which took sick last December, 1903. 

I will say at that time I had about 80 head 
of shoats, and some of them took sick very 
suddenly. Those attacked with the disease 
wouldn't eat or lie down; would turn around 
and around in a circle, froth at the mouth 
and get fits. That led me to think that the 
trouble was worms, Two of my old brood 



sows died. I stated the facts to Mr. Shinn, 
and he advised me to feed your Worm Powder 
at once, and follow up with your Stock Food, 
which I did, according to directions, and I 
must truthfully say that it cured every one 
of them that were sick, restored the appetite 
of all the rest, and in my opinion, saved two- 
thirds of my hogs. I am well pleased with 
my experience and consider the money in- 
vested in Worm Powder and Standard Food 
made me a good profit. 

Yours Truly, 

Chas. Theurer, 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



77 



ly with palatable and nourishing feed in 
side troughs. 

That means just a sprinkling of Stand- 
ard Stock Food with whatever you feed 
them. 

It adds the palatableness to the ration, 
you know. 

It makes stock thrive. 

GROWING PERIOD.— Between the 
weaning and fattening period comes the 
time and work of making the frame of 
the shote. 

It is then that you are giving him his 
growth. 

We want to lay a good foundation 
then to support the profit-making fat 
which we expect to lay on later. 

Nothing makes bone and muscle and 
growth on shotes so cheaply, so well, as 
good pastiH'e. 

Clover or alfalfa are the best kind. 

But don't put your shotes on pasture 
and expect pasture to do the whole thing. 

The man who turns his shotes on grass 
and lets them run to the crecJv for water, 



HOLD FLESH WHILE SUCKLING. ' 

Fullerton, Nebr,, Nov. 15, 1903. 

Gentlemen : From thirteen sows I raised 
eigthy-five pigs. Two of them were old sows; 
the rest were all young ones. The pigs are all 
doing well and will average 100 pounds a head 
now. I sold the sows the 11th of this month. 
The two two-year-old sows weighed 1,170 
pounds. The thirteen head averaged 422 
pounds per head. I have fed 250 pounds of 
Standard Food to the entire bunch up to the 
present date. 

The sows held flesh good during the suckling 
period, and I have not had any sicliness with 
the pigs. I commenced feeding Standard Food 
two weeks before farrowing time and the 
sows all did well. 

Yours truly, 

I. Chesley. 



only gets a glimpse of the profits in the 
hog business. 

A moderate grain ration and a little 
Standard Stock Food, with good pasture, 
will bring a pig up to a weight of one 
hundred pounds more economically than 
any other ration. 

You should aim to keep your pigs com- 
ing along with a steady gain of from 
half a pound to a pound a day, accord- 
ing to the size of the animal, throughout 
the entire growing period. 

This can easily be done. 

Some corn may be fed with excellent 
results; along with it, however, a mod- 
erate slop of mill feed, to which has 
been added a light ration of Standard 
Stock Food, should be fed. 

The feed furnishes protein for making 
muscle, and ash for the bones, and Stand- 
ard Stock Food furnishes appetite, diges- 
tion and vitality. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Skimmilk is always an acceptable addi- 
tion to the ration at any period in the 
hog's life. 

It gives best results when fed sweet 
and this should be done when possible. 

It is rich in protein and has much 
value for muscle making. It's value is 
increased more than the extra cost by 
the addition of bran. 

It gives the shote that long, sappy 
growth, with two kinks in his tail and a 
sassy look in his eye. 

FALL PIGS.— The average thrifty 
brood sow will raise two litters of pigs 
a year without difficulty. 

Fall pigs are all right if you have them 
come early enough to give them a fair 
start before cold weather sets in. 

But you must have a warm and com- 
fortable hog house to make fall pigs do 
well. 




I. Chesley'a Brood Svwa. 



76 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 



If you have that you can make the 
fall pig crop more than pay you the 
cost of keeping the brood sow the year 
round. 

Feed the fall pigs a moderate ration 
of corn during the winter, and supple- 
ment it with bran, shorts and such other 
nitrogenous feeds as you have on hand 
to give variety to the ration. 

Feed them what they will clean up 
twice a day, giving a moderate ration of 
Standard Stock Food— say a pound to 30 
or 40 head a day— with the grain feed. 

Divide it so as to feed a part of it 
with each feed. 

If you are properly fixed for storing 
roots, you will find the feeding of them 
to fall pigs during the winter a profitable 
addition to the grain ration. 



The Fattening Period 

CONFINEMENT.— The fattening 



hog 



AN UNFAILING COMBINATION. 

Palmer, Neb., Nov. 18, 1902. 

Gentlemen: — There are 54 pigs in the hunch 
photographed today, ail April pigs, and will 
weigh ahout 200 Ihs. They are the pigs from 
seven sows. I began the feeding of Standard 
Food to these pigs in June and have fed it 
regularly since. 

The seven sows photographed today and one 
more not in the photograph are the mothers 
of 64 fall pigs, They all get their Standard 
Food regularly. 

I turned off 43 head on sept, 2, 1902, that 
were about 1 year old, except seven that 
were older. They averaged, when sold, Sept. 
2, 371 lbs. On July 1st, I began pushing these 
43 head, and their weight then was 225 lbs., 
making a gain of 146 lbs. the last 62 days. 
The first thirty days of the last sixty-two 
these hogs were fed 3'/^ bushels of ground 
wheat and 3V2 bushels of ground corn, and the 
last thirty-two they were fed 7 bushels of 
soaked corn. Standard Food was fed regu- 
larly with each feed. 

I have fed 2,800 pounds of Food the last 
three years and on Oct. 31, 1902, I gave an 




Some of "Weber's Money-Makers. 



confined in a pen will do well for eight 
or ten weeks, but the period of confine- 
ment should not be drawn out much 
longer. 

Shotes, of course, need plenty of range 
during the growing period, particularly 
when handled in large numbers. They 
should be confined only during the fat- 
tening period. 

The pens must be kept clean, the 
trough and feed barrels scrupulously 
sweet. Don't overlook that. 

Feeding floors are good things. The 
man who feeds on the ground usually 
does so from lack of better facilities. 

It isn't any more natural for a hog to 



order for 2,000 pounds more. I have been well 
paid for all Standard Food fed and expect to 
continue its use. 

Yours truly, 

H. L. Weber. 
Mr. Weber came to Nebraska from 
Iowa nine years ago. He was about 
$30.00 in debt when he arrived in Ne- 
braska and began at once to work by 
the month for the man who owned the 
place he now lives on. He now owns the 
160 acres he began work on and a good SO 
adjoining it, and is out of debt. He is 
considered by all who know him to be 
one of the most successful men with 
hogs in his vicinity. He also feeds out 
some very fine cattle. Mr. "Weber is yet 
a young man, and judging from his pa.Tt 
success, the future holds much for him. 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



79 



pick his feed up out of the dirt and mud 
than for any other animal to do so, al- 
though circumstances have in many cases 
forced him to adapt himself to such 
conditions. 

Covered feeding floors are not so desir- 
able in most respects as the open kind, 
sheltered on the north and west. 

The open floors are washed off and 
kept clean and wholesome more easily. 

A feeding floor sixteen feet wide and of 
length sufficient to accommodate the hogs 
fed, and high enough to clean off with- 
out the refuse piling up on you at the 
side, is not only a great convenience, 
but a profitable addition to the feeding 
lay-out. 

No matter what the conditions are, 
keep it clean; it's the hog's table. 

A Covenient Trough. 

An average lot of thrifty hogs will 
make it pretty inconvenient for you to 
get slop into their troughs with as little 



of every ration in profitable hog-fatten- 
ing. 

About two-thirds of it is fat-making 
food— about one-tenth of it is lean-meat- 
making food. 

It is largely digestible and it is the 
cheapest hog-feed grown. 

Many hog-raisers feed straight corn 
and water. 

But the man who gets the best results 
goes farther and does more. 

He supplements the corn with a ration 
richer in muscle and bone-making ma- 
terials. 

His hogs are apt to be stronger and 
more thrifty. They carry their fat bet- 
ter and are less liable to disease; because 
they have more vitality and greater vigor. 

It has been found that bran is too 
bulky to make the most profitable addi- 
tion to corn during the fattening period. 

Shorts are more concentrated and are 
much better on that account. 

Ground oats, barley, wheat, peas and 



/^ 




^ 







fuss as a good waiter would serve your 
meal. 

The accompanying illustrations show a 
device that makes the filling of the 
trough an easy matter. 

In front of the trough is a swinging 
door, hinged at the top. It is held in 
either of the two positions shown by a 
bolt at the battom. 

Before filling the trough, swing the door 
back and bolt it. (Figure B.) After it is 
filled, swing the door to place. (Figure 
A.) 

THE RATION.— The Lord doubtless 
could have made a better fattening feed 
for hogs than corn, but the Lord never 
did. 

In the Corn-Belt, corn forms the basis 



NO HEARSAY ABOUT IT. 

Albion, Neb., August 1, 1904. 
I have fed Standard Food to my hogs for the 
last six years, except one summer, and then 
my pigs got sick and I lost them. I am feed- 
ing it new and they don't sell me anything 
"just as good as Standard." either. It is no 
hiarsay with me. I know that it is all ri?ht. 
J. 'W. 'Wallick. 



GOOD RESULTS WITH PIGS AND BROOD 
SO^WS. 
Genoa Bluffs, la., April 4, 1899. 

I have fed several hundred pounds of Stand- 
ard Food, and believe I know something about 
it, and if there are any skeptical ones in this 
vicinity, let them come and look at my hogs 
and be convinced. I feed Standard Food to my 
sows before farrowing; not heavily, of course, 
but in sufficient quantity to keep their diges- 
tion properly regulated. In the spring of 1898 
my 18 sows raised me 85 as fine, thrifty 
and vigorous pigs as one often sees. Out of 
that number 80 were weaned at about 10 weeks 
old and they were a dandy lot. I fed Stand- 
ard Food to the mothers while the pigs were 
suckling and as soon as the pigs would drink 
I gave it to them in their slop, and how the 
-little fellows did grow. At the age of 10 
weeks I weaned them and I am positive that 
the sows carried at least 25 lbs. more flesh 
per head at weaning time than I ever had 
them do before, which was worth more to me 
than all the Standard Food they had eaten 
had cost me. 

I then put my sows in a pen to fatten and 
kept on feeding Standard Food to them till I 
sold them about eight weeks later, averaging 
375 pounds. After weaning the pigs, I then 
increased the ration of Standard Food, feed- 
ing them liberally of it till the pigs were 
about 7 months old. At that age I can easily 
make them weigh from 200 to 225 pounds. 
Henry Davis, 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



80 



The Standard Feeder — Part Three 



beans, fed as a slop, all make good addi- 
tion to the corn rations. 

Dry meals do riot make good hog-feed. 
The hogs eat it slowly and root it out of 
the troughs. 

Mangels, sugar-beets, and turnips have 
a value beyond that shown by their anal- 
ysis, because they are regulators and give 
a relish and a variety to the ration be- 
yond the nutriment they furnish. 

Alfalfa and clover, cut and wet with 
hot water, form a valuable addition to 
the grain ration. 

Experiments show an average gain of 
from two to five per cent, more from 
grinding corn, although a large majority 
of feeders prefer to feed the corn whole. 

"V^'^hen it is desired to add bulk to the 
ration, the corn and cob may be ground 
together. Some experiments show that 
oorn-and-cob meal is equal in results to 



an equal weight of clear corn meal for 
fattening purposes. 

Variety is necessary. Two feeding ma- 
terials in combination will always give 
better results. 

But whatever you feed; whatever com- 
bination you make, season the fattening 
hog's ration with Standard Stock Food. 

There is no part of the feeding ration 
except corn that you cannot get along 
better without than Standard Stock Food. 

It is absolutely indispensable with a 
straight corn ration. 

You may think it unnecessary to make 
the hog's ration palatable. 

But we say to you that it ,is just as 
necessary for the hog as for any other 
animal. 

We all do better on things we like 
better. 

Properly seasoned food is more ac- 




"W. M. Gray and His Barn Yard. 

CONVINCED OF OUR CLAIMS. ground corn, rye and oats, equal parts. I also 

Ord, Neb., June 6, 1903. ^^^ each lot an equal amount of alfalfa hay. 

The following is the result of a test feed ^ '^^^ very careful in dividing these pigs, and 

made hy me with Standard Food on pigs: ^1^° •" the care given each lot, about the 

April 10, lot No. 1, Standard Food same sized lot and shed room. 

lot, 14 pigs weighed 1,220 lbs. ^ f^d 26^4 lbs. of Standr.rd Food, costing 

April 10, lot No. 2, straight grain $2.65, and had 104 lbs. extra gain, which, at 

lot, 14 pigs weighed 1,220 lbs. ^'/2 cents, would be worth $5.72, showing a 

April 28, lot Isto. 1, 14 pigs weighed. 1,5S0 lbs. "^^ profit of $3.07, or 115 per cent, on the in- 

April 28, lot No. 2, 14 pigs weighed. 1,555 lbs. vestment of $2.65 in Standard Food. 

. I have used 2,500 lbs. of Standard Food dur- 

Extra gain on S. F. lot the first 18 ing the past six years and made this test to 

„days 25 lbs. satisfy myself as to its value. 

May 23 lot No. 1 weighed 2,028 lbs. I am convinced now that it will do all that 

May 23, lot No. 2 weighed M30 lbs. you claim for it, both in condition and gain. 

Extra gain on S. F, lot for 43 days.. " 88 lbs. The Pigs fed Standard Food had a better ap- 

June 6, lot No. 1 weighed 2 284 lbs. Petite and would have consumed more e-ram, 

June 6, lot No. 2 weighed 2^180 lbs. ^"* ^ ^^'^"^ ^"^'^ 1°^^ °^ *he same amount of 

L ' grain. 

Extra gain on 14 pigs fed S. F. 57 I have bought 1,000 lbs. more Standard Food 

^ys . 104 lbs. today, for using this year. 

Both lots were fed the same amount of W, M. Gray, 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



81 



ceptable. and digestion actually begins 
before the food reaches the mouth. 
That's the way with the hog. 

We appeal to his taste with Standard 
Stock Food and when it comes to that 
you can't find an animal that lives more 
for the sole purpose of eating than the 
nog. 

Let's humor him. 

Standard Stock Food excites his func- 
tions of digestion to the greatest activity; 
acts on the circulation of the blood, so 
that the nutriment from the digested feed 
is carried to every part of the body. 

This means thrift, growth, fat. 

It means vigor, vitality, the pink of con- 
dition. 

It means more and better pork, a better 
price for it and an early market and a 
bigger profit. 

It makes stock thrive. 

QUANTITY.— Feed your fattening hogs 
twice a day. Feed them what they will 
clean up in half an hour or less. 

If they leave any of it, feed a little 
/ess the next time. 

If they will eat a little more, give It to 
them. 

You can soon determine, what they will 
clean up and then it's up to you. 

"WATER. — An abundance of pure, clean 
water is absolutely necessary. Every 
feeding lot should have running water in 
unlimited supply. The hogs cannot well 
do without it. 

GREEN CORN.— Green corn is a good 
relish for hogs, but it's far from a good, 
exclusive diet. We cannot too strongly 
condemn its exclusive use. 

It's not only wasteful (for its nutritive 
value is low) but it's very apt to make 
trouble. 

The most of the hog epidemics come 
along about the time we begin feeding 
green corn. 

Go slow, or you will lose the results of 
your entire season's work. 

The hog likes it and he overeats. He 
gets his digestive system deranged, his 
stomach in a feverish condition. 

The juices of the green corn make the 
best breeding medium for the intestinal 
worms with which hogs are always more 



STRONG BUT NOT OVERDRAWN, 

Hawarden, la., June 6, 1900. 
I liave fed Standard rood for the past four 
years to frowinc ] i?s and iat+ening hogs, with 
these results; In 1897 I raised 40 pigs, and at 
9 months old siold thpm »,t an average weight 
of 310 pounds each; in 1898 I raised 35 pigs 
and sold them at an average weight of 297 
pounds at 8 months' o'd ;and last year, or 
1899. I raisfd 50. and told t'fm in January, 
1300, at 8 months' eld, avevafrinfe; 285 pounds, 
at 5il£ each. I brought Siandaid Food from 
laina County, la., enough for my summer feed, 
and will buy more as soon as that is gone, 
and would not take 50 cents per pound for 
what I have if I could not replace it. Stand- 
ard Food has made me money, and will make 
anyone money who feeds it right. 

Jurgan Wagoner, 



or less infested. And that means more 
trouble. 

Don't feed any more green corn than 
you have to. 

If you are compelled to use it, exer- 
cise great care in seeing that the hog 
does not overeat. 

Limit the ration. 

And give your hogs a weekly treatment 
of Standard Worm Powder. (See page 
154.) 

Standard Worm Powder will not only 
rid your hogs of worms, but it will also 
expel from the system the poisonous ac- 
cumulation from the worms. 

It purifies and tones the entire diges- 
tive canal, corrects indigestion and large- 
ly counteracts the effects of overeating. 

Our Ideal Ration 

The ration which we have found to give 
the best results in hog fattening — best in 
gain and profit— is soaked corn and oats 
and Standard Stock Food. 

We feed it twice a day — about one- 



BETTER DIGESTION. 
Glenwood, la., March 28, 1899. 

Regarding the merits of your Standard Stock 
Food as a flesh producer, will say: I fed it to 
29 head of fattening hogs last year (the first 
I had used it). It gave them, better diges- 
tion and I got the best gain I ever had on 
hogs. It gave them a good, glossy appearance. 
Could see a difference in amount of corn con- 
sumed in a week's time, 

'Sou can count me a friend of Standard 
Food. J. H. Hopp. 

SOMETHING LACKING. 

Aulne, Kans., Jan. 27, 1904. 
Your agent, N. A. Palmer, called July 3, 
1903, and sold us 250 lbs. of Standard Food 
to feed to hogs and we fed it with good re- 
sults up till November, 1903, and since then 
ten straight grain without Standard Food and 
find that something was lacking so we have 
this day bought 100 lbs. more to feed to 
seventy-five pigs. Winkley Bros. 

MAKES THE GRAIN WORTH MORE. 

Burwel, Neb., Apr. 5th, 1899. 
I have been feeding the Stanaard Food since 
May 18, 1898, with the best of results, I had 
14 pigs farrowed on the last of April, marketed 
in December and averaged 220 pounds per head 
and not a runt or stunted one in the lot. I 
am an old hog raiser, but never had hogs put 
on flesh as fast as mine have since I com- 
menced using Standard Food, They got all the 
good out of the grain I fed them. 

I would not think of being without Standard 
Food. 

0. B. Wade, 




02 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 




Standard 
STOCK 
F O OD 



is good fur pigs, young and 
old. It makes them relish 
their feed, and you know, the 
better they like it, the more 
good they get out of it. It 
stimulates the flow of digest- 
ive juices, and makes the 
process of digestion com- 
plete. It makes every bushel 
of feed go farther, because it 
helps the animal digest it 
more easily and get more 
good out of it. It does this 
better than any other stock 
food, because it is made from 
better materials; it is strong- 
er, more evenly balanced, 
more scientifically propor- 
tioned. Don't compare it 
with a make-shift. It costs 
more — it is worth much 
more. It z> the Standard. 




fourth oats and three-fourths shelled 
corn — soaking the mixture from one feed 
to the other and adding a full ration of 
Standard Stock Food at the time of 
feeding. 

Once a day we give a light slop of 
shorts and water or skimmllk. 

Clover or alfalfa is given in limited 
quantities once a day. 

Corn-Cob Charcoal 

Use the corn-cobs on the place for mak- 
ing charcoal to feed the hogs. Dig a pit 
four or five feet deep, much smaller at 
the bottom than at the top. Start a fire 
at the bottom and gradually fill with 
cobs. 

Cover it with a sheet-iron lid, or with 
earth, if a large lid is not available. 

In about twelve hours the combustion 
will have produced a good grade of corn- 
cob charcoal. 

A good way to feed corn-cob charcoak 
is to make up the following mixture: 
5 Bushels of Corn-Cob Charcoal. 
8 Pounds of Salt, 
2 Quarts Air-Slacked Lime, 

1 Bushel Wood Ashes, 

2 Pounds of Sulphur, 
1 Pound Copperas, 

50 Pounds Standard Stock Food. 

Break up the charcoal and mix all well 
together. Put into self-feeding boxes and 
place where hogs of all ages have ready 
access to it. 

This is a good mixture for growing 
hogs, as it furnishes a good percentage 
of ash for bone building, destroys worms, 
and keeps the hog thrifty and vigorous. 

Hogs FoUoAving Steers 

This is one of the great means of mak- 
ing cattle-feeding profitable— a method of 
fattening hogs at seemingly low .expense. 

The average steer passes from ten to 
fifteen per cent, of unmasticated and 
broken kernels of corn. 

Hogs following steers, in the proportion 
of one good thrifty shote to each steer, 
utilize this product which would other- 
wise be waste. 

Hogs following steers that have been 
fed Standard Stock Food, added to the 



FOLLOWS THE "STANDARD" EXAMPLE. 
Hiawatha, Kans., Jan. 30, 1904. 

Onij of my neighbors came to sell ir.e his 
hogs today. I went to see his hogs and bought 
31 head of him. When he brought them to me 
I put them in a lot adjoining my feed lot 
He looked at my hogs, the same age as his, 
that had been fed Standard Food. He had four 
lio?s left. He bought a bucket of Standard 
Food to feed them. I never saw any hogs or 
cattle that had done better than mine had. I 
know I have received four times as much as 
the Standard Food cost me, in the hogs alone. 
J. G. Howard. 



Care and Feeding of S^^ine 



83 



grain ration, get somewhat less waste 
from the droppings, but this is more than 
offset by their getting any unused por- 
tion of the active principle of the stock 
food, not taken up by the steers. 

The amount is sufficient to keep them 
in a good condition of thrift and vigor. 

We have many customers who fre- 
quently mention the fact that their hogs 
following Standard Stock Food fed 
steers do better. 

It makes stock thrive. 



BEST IN 20 YEARS. 
Centralia, Kans., Nov. 24, 1901. 
Gentlemen: Your agent has asked me what 
I think of Standard Food. I have been feed- 
ing it for some time and am more than sat- 
isfied with results; more than that, will say 
that I have made the best feed on hogs this 
fall I ever made, and I have fed hogs for 
twenty years. On August 30th I shut up 25 
sows that raised pigs last spring; your agent 
insisted on feeding them Standard Food, 
so I concluded to try a small amount, though 
I did not have much faith in it. After using 
a very little I could see an improvement, so 
bought more and continued feeding it for 75 




Scott Archer's Hogs— Feeding Period Shortened One-Third 



Cost of Gain in Hogs 

It is probably t^ir to say that the aver- 
age number of pounds of pork obtained 
from a bushel of corn the country over 
will not exceed seven or eight pounds 
during the fattening period. 

Good feeders, feeding a variety of feed 
to young, well-bred animals, obtain 
twelve pounds or more. 

Experiments have shown that pigs un- 
der six months can be made to gain one 
pound with four pounds of corn meal and 
shorts. 

This would be at the rate of fourteen 
pounds from a bushel of corn. 

They have also shown that the amount 
of feed required to make a given gain 
is increased as the animal increases in 
age, until hogs weighing three hundred 
and fifty pounds, or more, require from 
eight to ten pounds of the same feed to 
make a pound of gain. 

Our customers who have been able to 



days. When I put the sows up they averaged 
165 pounds, and when I sold them November 
14th they averaged 336 pounds, making a gain 
of 171 pounds per head in 75 days. 

By using Standard Food I am satisfied I 
shortened the feeding period one-third; the 
gain I consider a good one, as the hogs fat- 
tened were as unlikely a bunch as I ever put 
up in my life, and yet came within 5 cents 
of topping the market. My actual experience 
has proven to me that Standard Food pays a 
good profit, and I would no more think of try- 
ing to fatten stock without it, than I'd try to 
fatten them without corn. I have today bought 
250 pounds more Food to feed to 50 young hogs 
I am going to fatten. While at the start I 
had no faith in it, and bought the first box 
just to accommodate your agent, I buy it now 
to accommodate myself. 

Scott Archer. 

NONE AS GOOD AS STANDARD. 

Arago, Neb., August 15, 1901... 
Have two boxes of Standard Food on hand 
now ; am feeding it to 120 spring pigs and they 
are doing fine. I have fed different kinds of 
stock foods, but have found none that gives 
as good satisfaction as yours. Will want sev- 
eral hundred pounds more this fall. 

J. F. Frederick. 



Standard Stock Food — It Makes Stock Thrive 



84 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 



furnish weights and gains with amount 
of feed consumed show that by the ad- 
dition of Standard Stock Food to the 
grain ration they have been able to get 
one to two pounds more gain from each 
bushel of grain fed. 

In the test made on hogs at the Iowa 
Experiment Station in 1902, the lot fed 
with Standard Stock Food, added to the 
grain ration, gained — pounds for each 
bushel of corn fed, In excess of the lot 
fed corn alone. 



"When to^Market 

Packers want hogs that will weigh from 
225 to 275 pounds. Generally considered, 
hogs may be sold with greatest profit at 
an average weight of 250 pounds. 

Of course, circumstances will modify 
this rule. 

For instance, hogs at five cents a 
pound, with corn at 30 cents or less, 
would furnish the incentive to feed lon- 
ger, while the opposite condition — high- 




Owned and Fed by A. R. Bernard 



SOON BEGAN TO GAIN. 

Boone, Iowa. 
Gentlemen: "I put a bunch of cattle on full 
feed February 1, 1900. They did not do well at 
the start. I began feeding Standard Food April 
12th and they soon beg-an to gain, and I never 
had cattle do better than these. They gained 
250 pounds per head while being fed Standard 
Food from April 12th to July 4th. They averaged 
1,500 pounds when sold July 6th. The hogs fol- 
lowing these cattle were bought in February 
and averaged 110 pounds. When sold with the 
cattle they averaged 275 pounds and brought 
$5.35. I never had hogs do as well while feeding 
cattle." 

A. R. Bernard. 

A KINK IN THE PIGS' TAILS. 

Indianola, Iowa, June 15, 1903. 

I have something good to say for Standard 
Food. I have used it quite extensively for 
twelve years. I was pleased to see Mr. J. 
NichoU, your agent, drive on my farm with 
Standard Food, as I was just out and knew 
not where to get it, 

I cannot be successful with any kind of stock 
without Standard Food. My stock is healthier. 
It puts a kink in the pigs' tails. They simniy 
get more grrowth out of the food they con- 
sume. I am satisfied that I can put 50 lbs. 
more on my pigs by the time they are nine 
months old. 

There is nothing better for horses and colts. 
In fact, I never fed anything that gave me as 
good satisfaction as Standard Food for all kinds 
of farm animals, Abram Hartzler, 



priced corn and low-priced pork — would 
warrant bringing the fattening period to 
a close as soon as other conditions would 
justify. 

Standard Stock Food helps to shorten 
the feeding period. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Hog Ailments 

We are not going to say very much on 
this subject. 

There are several good chapters in 
what we have already said about clean- 
liness, ventilation, disinfectants, good 
feeding and the use of Standard Stock 
Food. 

But the ailments of the hog is a sub- 

FEEDING WITH GOOD RESULTS. 

Hancock, la., May 22, 1901. 
I bought 10 head of hogs on January 28, 
1901, and fed till March 28, 1901. In 60 days 
I fed 50 bushels of corn, 10 barrels of butter- 
milk and 30 pounds of stock food, and got a 
gain of 1,100 pounds. The hogs cost me $70.00 
and sold for $140.80. The corn was worth 35 
cents per bushel, milk cost 10 cents a barrel, 
and stock food $3.00, making a net gain of 
$49.21 on the investment. I am feeding Stand- 
ard Food to fattening cattle, stock hogs and 
pigs with good results, and recommend Stand- 
ard Food to all feeders for fattening and grow- 
ing stock, J. T, Armstrong, 



Care and Feeding of S'wine 



85 



ject which cannot be passed over with- 
out common-sense consideration. 

If you would raise hogs without dis- 
ease—and this is necessary to malce the 
business profitable— you must get rid of 
the notion that the hog is a filthy animal, 
or that he likes filth more than the steer 
or horse. 

The first step in preventing disease 
among swine is to keep filth away from 
them. 

Give them clean food, in proper amount, 
clean drink and clean quarters. 

An eye to these necessities, with a lib- 
eral mixture of brains and Standard 
Stock Food, is usually all that is needed 
to keep your hogs in a condition of health 
and thrift. 

It makes stock thrive. 

WORMS.— Hogs are prone to worms. 
They are caused largely by the manner 
of feeding. 

They produce an unthrifty and an un- 
healthy condition in the animal, and we 
may say that they are the cause of more 
disease among hogs than everything else 
combined. 

We have given the proposition of worms 
in hogs a good deal of study and have 
done a good deal of experimenting along 
reasonable lines, with the result of the 
preparation of Standard Worm Powder 
for Hogs. We have fitted it to the needs 
of the hog"s system, with the right things 
used in the right proportion and of full 
strength. 

We use no filler in it. No base to make 
it bulky nor to cheapen its cost. 

We wanted it strong, so it's the "clear 
stuff." 

It will not only rid your hogs of worms, 
but it will neutralize and carry out of 
the system the poisonous accumulations 
from worms, which in nine cases out of 
ten are the cause of unprofitable hog- 
raising and loss from disease. 

It can be relied upon to correct indiges- 



ARGUMENTS THAT COUNT. 

Bondurant, la., April 30, 1904. 

The following is the result of test feed made 
l)y me on hogs and Standard Food. 

I placed four hogs each in two different pens 
and fed for 21 days. Lot 1 fed Standard Food 
consumed 8y2 bu. corn and gained 162 lbs., 
while lot 2 not fed Standard Food consumed 10 
bu. corn and gained 160 lbs. I then took the 
Standard Food from lot 1 and gave it to lot 2 
for 21 days and they consumed 12 bu. corn and 
gained 188 lbs. H. W. Abraham. 

POSITIVE IT PAYS FIVE FOR ONE! 

Adel, la., June 5, 1900. 
In 1899 I fed Standard Food to my 13 brood 
BOWS and I raised 104 fine pigs from them. This 
year I concluded to get along without Standard 
Food, and I raised 48 pigs from 16 sows. The 
BOWS this year were better and larger than last 
year, and should have done better than those ol 
last year. I have bought 100 pounds of Stand- 
ard Food to-day for my hogs and pigs and will 
not try to get along without it again. I am 
positive that I can make $5.00 profit from every 
dollar invested in Standard Food by feeding it 
to my hogs, pigs and brood sows. 

S. M. Cook, 



tion and any derangement of the diges- 
tive system caused by overeating. 

It cleanses and purifies the food canal 
and overcomes every deranged condition 
which has resulted from the presence of 
worms. (See page 154.) 

Hog Cholera and Swine Plague 

These diseases are both very fatal and 
destructive. They affect hogs in almost 
every part of the United States. 

They are caused by germs which are 
carried in the air or in the feed. 

The United States Government formula, 
which is recommended as the most effi- 
cient preparation for treatment of both 
diseases, is as follows: 

Wood Charcoal 1 pound 

Sulphur 1 pound 

Sodium Chloride 2 pounds 

Sodium Bi-Carbonate... 2 pounds 
Sodium hypo-sulphite. . .2 pounds 

Sodium Sulphate 1 pound 

Black Antimony 1 pound 

These ingredients are completely pul- 
verized and mixed, and the dose is a 



COST ?20. 00— WORTH $100.00. 

Western, Neb., Oct. 30, 1903, 
October 24, 1902, I bought kOO lbs. of your 
Stock I oca. The Standard, for which I paid 
$20.00, and when I had fed it to a bunch 
of sixty shoats, I considered it had been worth 
$100.00 to me. G. M, Kilmer. 

STANDARD STOPS THE LOSS. 

Koesauqua, la.. May 6, 1903. 

I have fed Standard Food since the year 1901 
to all kinds of growing and fattening stock 
with the best results. My hogs were threat- 
ened with so-called hog cholera and lost ten 
head. I then beg-an feeding the Food, and fed 
it heavily, making a slop of it, and did not 
lose but one after I began its use and haven't 
lost a hog with disease to this date, I am 
confident I can make my hogs from 40 to 50 
lbs. heavier by the time they are nine months' 
old. The sows carry more flesh while suckling. 
Their appetites are good, always calling for 
more feed, I feed it to my beef cattle and 
I can keep them on a full, even feed by the 
use of the Food. They have a finish and a 
bloom that 1 cannot get by feeding corn or oil 
meal alone. 

I have fed several hundred pounds and do not 
care to be without it. I have placed my order 
this day for 500 lbs. and do not care to make 
pny change in foods, The Standard is good 
enough for me. I am sixty-five years old. I 
would like to feed Standard Food fifteen years 
more. Then I will turn it over to my sons for 
they are as enthusiastic as I am. 

I remain, yours truly, 

B. E. Wells & Sons. 

FIGURES ARE TRUE, 

58 hogs, in good condition, eating ear corn: 

Pounds, 
Without Standard Food, April 4, averaged. 257 
Without Standard Food, Apr. 19, averaged. 272 
Without Standard Food, Apr, 26, averaged. 276 

The gain made in 22 days 19 

Commenced feeding S. Food Apr. 26, av...276 

With Standard Food May 6, av 296 

With Standard Food May 13, av 307y2 

The gain made in 17 days 31 V4 

Above figures are correct on hogs fed by me, 
Ferd L, Strawn, 



86 



The Standard Feed r— Part Thffie 



I 



large tablespoonful for each two hundred 
pounds weight of hogs to be treated. 

It is to be given once a day, feeding it 
in soft feed and giving but little corn. 

Animals that are too sick to eat should 
be drenched with the medicine, shaken 
up thoroughly with water. 

A preparation used with much satis- 
faction by many Kansas farmers for 
warding off hog-cholera or swine plague 
is compounded as follows: 

Powdered White Arsenic 8 oz. 

Powdered Barbadoes Aloes. 8 oz. 

Powdered Blue Vitriol 4 oz. 

Powdered Black Antimony. .1 oz. 
Mix thoroughly and give a half tea- 
spoonful in the feed of each six hogs 
twice a week. 



If the pigs are young give the remedy 
to the sow in 25 to 30 drop doses, and add 
a tablespoonful of copperas a day to her 
diet. 

Why Standard Stock Food 
Should be Fed 

Tou should feed Standard Stock Food 
to your hogs for the same reason that 
you use salt, pepper, mustard, vinegar, 
horse radish, sugar, butter, sauce and 
other "fixings" with your own food. 

It makes the feed more palatable and 
adds to the relish just as those things 
add to the relish of your own food. 

Feeders are learning that animals will 
get enough more out of a palatable ration 




When we first started in business we be- 
lieved that Standard Stock Food was a 
good thing in preventing and curing hog- 
cholera. 

It is good only in so far as it keeps up 
the condition and vigor of the animal, 
and gives it more resisting power in 
warding off disease or combatting it. 

We have many customers who are con- 
vinced that it has been of great value 
to them in preventing and curing hog 
diseases. 

It probably has, but any advantage 
coming from its use is in increasing the 
vitality of the animal and enabling it to 
throw off disease germs rather than in 
destroying the germs themselves. 

It makes stock thrive. 

THUMPS.— Tincture of belladonna in 
dose of ten to fifteen drops twice a day 
in milk is almost a sure cure for thumps. 
Give but little solid feed. 

Rely principally upon a milk diet, add- 
ing to it a little Standard Stock Food. 

Keep the animal warm and comfortable 
and allow room for exercise. 



FED IT TO PIGS, SHOATS AND BROOD 
SOWS. 
Chester Center, la,, Mar. 27, 1899. 

Early in the summer of 1898 I bought some 
of your Standard Stock Food and began feed- 
ing the Food to my pigs in a side trough, away 
from the sows, and I never had pigs grow like 
this lot did, and when I weaned them they 
grew right along. I never had pigs wean as 
nicely. I fed them the Food until I began to 
feed my cattle early in the fall, when I 
stopped feeding Stock Food. 

On December 17th I bought 500 pounds of 
Standard Food for my feeding cattle. In a 
few days after feeding the cattle the Stock 
Food, I could see a wonderful difference in 
my 54 head of shoats. When I sold them their 
average weight was 284 pounds at nine months 
old. 

The pigs were perfectly healthy when I com- 
menced to feed tlie Stock Food and continued 
so until I sold them. I have said that I would 
not try to raise pigs without Standard Food, 
and I bought 500 pounds more of your agent 
for my summer's feeding. 

I shall feed it this year to the sows while 
suckling the pigs, and to the pigs until they 
go after the cattle, as I consider that the 
shoats do not need the Food fed direct to them 
if the cattle are eating Standard Food, 

J, F. Dale. 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



87 




A. W. Click's Fine Drove. 



to pay any reasonable cost of making it 
palatable. That's sensible. 

It helps to create a better flow of the 
digestive fluids, tones up the circulation 
and makes possible a better use of the 
nutriment. 

It helps to run the pork making mill 
more smoothly, with less waste and 
greater capacity. 

It helps the hog make a pound or two 
more pork out of a bushel of corn. 

It will increase the feeding value of a 
bushel of corn six to twelve cents a 
bushel, at a cost of three cents a bushel 
or less. It makes stock thrive. 

Feeding Standard Stock Food 

Begin feeding Standard Stock Food to 
your hogs on a half ration or less and 
gradually work up to a full ration of the 
Food in two or three weeks. 

Whatever the daily ration is, divide it 
up and feed a part of it each meal. 

Use it as a seasoner — season each meal 
with it. 

It makes stock thrive. 

When you get your hogs on full ration 
of Standard Stock Food, figure on about 
one pound of the Food with two and a 
half bushels of corn, or its equivalent in 
anything you may be feeding. 



IT PAYS HIM. 
Summerfield, Kansas, Nov. 13, 1901. 
Gentlemen: I have fed 200 pounds of Stand- 
ard Food to my hogs this fall with excellent re- 
sults. I have this day bought 75 pounds more, 
and shall continue to feed it, as I am sure :t 
pays me. 

Yours respectfully, 

A. W. Glick. 

EXTRA GAIN $4.00. 

Pella, la., Oct, 21, 1903. 

This is the result of a test made by me with 
Standard Food en hogs. On August 31. 1903, 
I bought of your agent 200 pounds of Standard 
Food and fed it to my entire herd of fifty-four 
hogs until September 25, 1903. I then selected 
thirty-eight of the best ones and divided them 
into two lots of nineteen each. 

The lot fed Standard Food then weighed 
2,350 pounds, or an average of 123 6-19 pounds 
per head. The lot not fed Standard Food then 
weighed 2,350 pounds or an average of 123 13- 
19 pounds per head. I fed them twenty days 
and weighed again. The lot fed Standard Food 
weighed 2.850, or an average of 170 pounds per 
head, making a gain of 500 pounds or 26 6-19 
pounds per head in twenty days. The lot not 
fed Standard Food weighed 2,770 pounds, or 
an average of 145 11-19 pounds per head, mak- 
ing a gain of 420 pounds or 22 2-19 pounds per 
head in twenty days. This represents the dif- 
ference in gain in favor of Standard Food of 
eighty pounds, or 4 4-19 pounds per head. I 
fed exactly the same amount of corn and slop 
to each lot, and fed Standard Food accord- 
ing to directions in the box to one lot and both 
lots had the run of good blue grass pasture. 
I fed fifteen pounds of Standard Food, amount- 
ing to $1.50, and sold hogs for 5 cents, so the 
eighty pounds extra gain brought me $4.00, 
making a profit • of $2.50 on an investment of 
$1.30. So, of course, I am well pleased with 
the investment. John F. Van Gorp. 



Standard Stock Food — It IVIakes Stock Thrive 



88 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 



Pork Pointers 

The period of gestation for swine is 
about 16 weeks. 

Pigs at birtli weigh from l^^ pounds 
to SYz pounds, the average being 2i/^ 
pounds. 

The size of liogs most in demand in the 
leading markets is around 250 pounds. 

The sow that raises ten pigs a year 
raises them at about half the cost of 
one which raises five a year. 

A vigorous young boar is ready for 



The Enterprise Stock Farm 

Ord Nebr., Oct. 10, 1904. 
J. A. Ollis, Jr., lives five miles south 
of Ord, Neb., on what is known as "The 
Enterprise Stock Farm" of 1,280 acres. 
For 22 years Mr. Ollis has been a promi- 
nent cattleman and usually feeds about 
200 cattle per year. Of recent years he 
has been breeding and raising thorough- 
bred Duroc Jersey hogs, and we are safe 
in saying that no breeder of any class 
of hogs has paid more attention to his 
herd than Mr, Ollis. His stock has been 




J. A. Ollis and His Duroc Jerseys. 



reasonable service at 10 months, and if 
fed a ration of Standard Stock Food is 
good for 10 years. 

Watch out for worms in hogs. Stand- 
ard Worm Powder for Hogs will stop the 
trouble. All good hog raisers use it. 

The time to sell hogs is when they are 
ready for the market. The man who 
sells them then will average out, while 
the man who holds for a better price is 
a speculator and that's risky business. 

A good way to administer medicine to a 
hog is to use an old boot. Chop off the 
toe, insert the toe-end in the hog's 
mouth and pour the medicine into the 
top. 

Standard Stock Food not only enables 
the hog to gain more flesh, but also puts 
him in better condition. You gain in two 
ways: You have more pork to sell and 
you get a better price for it. 

It makes stock thrive. 



shown at fairs, and show for themselves. 
He spares no money or time in improv- 
ing his herd. 

For eight years Mr. Ollis has been a 
regular customer of Standard Food, and 
during that time has used over 6,000 lbs. 

Mr. Ollis has on his farm at the pres- 
ent time over 300 head of hogs, of which 
those shown in the picture above are a 
bunch of his show hogs fitted for the 
Loup Valley Agriculture Society Fair, 
and have been fed a regular ration of 
Standard Stock Food. This bunch took 
eight first premiums and four seconds at 
the Valley County Fair. 

IF ONCE— THEN AL^WAYS. 

Beemer, Neb., April 19, 1899. 
I have used 200 pounds of Standard Food 
for feeding to hogs. I have ten brood sows 
■which have 64 living pigs. Sows have abun- 
dance of milk. I have just sold 18 hogs to 
which I have been feeding Standard Food and 
I am well pleased with it. I will continue to 
feed it. H. C. Ihde. 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



89 




-^k^^ 

y^i 



Pure Bred Duroc Jerseys. Owned by J. P. Land. 



Big Litters and Fine Pigs. 

A prosperous Iowa farmer is Mr. J. P. 
Land, whose farm lies a few miles from 
Casey. He has been feeding Standard 
Stock Food long enough to know what 
It will do for hogs. The picture of his 
Duroc-Jerseys, which we present, shows 
for itself what kind of stock Mr. Land 
keeps. His farm is clean and well-kept, 
and he v/as found cultivating corn that 
gave promise of a magnificent crop. 

"Yes," he said, in answer to a ques- 
tion, "I have been feeding Standard 
Stock Food and like it very much. This 
has been a hard year for young pigs, 
and a good many have been lost in this 
neighborhood, but I have had flrst-rate 
luck with mine. I fed Standard Stock 
Food to my sows, and they farrowed all 
right. They had big litters of fine pigs, 
and had plenty of milk for them. 

"My hogs keep healthy and grow rapid- 
ly, and I believe I owe my success to 
the Food." 

Together with raising and breeding 
pure-bred Duroc-Jersey swine, Mr. Land 
combines cattle feeding, dairying, and 
general farming. This keeps his farm in 
a fine state of fertility, and gives him 
finished products to sell instead of sell- 
ing his grain and wearing out his land. 
He is using every means at his command 



to make his farm give him the largest 
returns, and he considers Standard Stock 
Food an important item in his farm op- 
erations. 

NO RUNTS. 
Craig, Neb., Jan. 21, 1903. 
I have been feeding your Standard Stock Food 
since August last. I had never used anything 
of that kind before and had no faith in it, 
either. I even told your agent for Burt County, 
Mr. W. A. Page, that I would try 50 pounds 
of Standard Food, but that vsrhen he called hero 
again, if I was not satisfied with the Food, I 
wanted him to get out and stay out. In fact, 
just bought a box to get rid of him. But I 
want to say that from the start my hogs began 
to gain, and I am positive that the five dollars 
I invested in that box of Standard Food made 
me fifty dollars. I had used up all of the 50 
pounds and was looking for the agent this time, 
and when he called on the above date I gave 
him my order for 250 pounds more. My hogs 
are thrifty, and I think I have the most even 
bunch of hogs I ever raised. There are no runts 
among them. John Miller. 

TELLS ABOUT HIS BROOD SOWS. 

Le Mars, la., Nov. 26, 1903. 
The sows that I intended to breed were do- 
ing very poorly, and some of them died; there 
was not one of them that would weigh 75 lbs. 
I started to feed the Food in their slop, and 
they soon picked up. Then I bred those I had 
left, about twenty-one head, and I never had 
sows do better. They had 120 fine pigs that 
are still doing fine. I fed the Food straight 
through and I am well pleased with the re- 
turns. John Goetzinger, 



90 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 



A Visit to H. C. McGath 

Mr. McGath was clipping the tops off 
a field of young alfalfa, which showed a 
promising stand, but he was ready to 
stop and show his stock to a Standard 
Stock Food man. 

Mr. McGath rents 360 acres of fine 
land, a few miles west of Clark's, Ne- 
braska, and bi'eeds nothing but pure- 
bred stock, which includes Shorthorn cat- 
tle, Poland-China swine and Plymouth 
Rock fowls. 

As we drove in we noticed a fine lot of 
pigs, and made up our minds to get a 
photograph of them. 



his place that we did not photograph the 
tankage pigs as well as the Standard 
Stock Food ones. 

It is safe to say that Mr. McGath will 
not feed tankage and leave our Standard 
Stock Food hereafter. He has discovered 
that he cannot afford to do so. 

While Mr. McGath went down in the 
pasture to bring up the fine young Short- 
horn bull, whose picture, together with 
that of Mr. McGath and his home, we 
give, we looked around and found a 
Poland-China sow, which Mr. McGath 
said was ten years old, and had raised 15 
litters of pigs. We tried to persuade her: 
to have her portrait taken, but she de- 
clined and disappeared in the underbrush 




Mr. McGath's Home and Thorourhbred Stock 



At our request Mr. McGath let them 
out of their lot into the barnyard where 
the light was better, and gave them a 
feed mixed with Standard Stock Food. 

While he was doing this another lot of 
about the same age came up on the other 
side of a fence, and we noticed that sev- 
eral of them were coughing. 

"What's the matter with that lot of 
pigs?" we asked. 

"I'll tell you," said Mr. McGath. "A 
fellow came out here and talked me into 
buying a ton of tankage. Our experi- 
ment station said it was a good feed for 
pigs, and I concluded to try it. 

"After I got it I thought I would try 
a little experiment, so I fed part of my 
pigs Standard Stock Food, and part of 
them tankage. I guess you won't have 
any difficulty in telling the difference be- 
tween them." 

We have been sorry ever since we left 



in the woods lot where she was living. 

Mr. McGath has fed Standard Stock 
Food long enough to have become thor- 
oughly convinced of its value. 

"I find it good for all kinds of stock," 
he said, "and I know it keeps hogs 
healthy and in good growing and breed- 
ing condition. My sows have big litters, 
and raise them, for they have plenty of 
milk." 

ONE-THIRD LESS CORN. 
Clay Center, Neb., May 30, 1900. 
After feeding Standard Food some time, 
bought 100 pounds to make the following test 
feed. Fattened 12 shoats on corn and oats and 
Standard Food. After adding the Standard 
Food, I fed them one-third less corn, and found 
the hogs were doing much better. The corn I 
saved paid for the Standard Food. Made three 
similar feeds in succession. Have fed hogs in 
Nebraska for 18 years, and have never fat- 
tened hogs in so short a time and in such a 
satisfactory manner. I am convinced that 
Standard Food made me money. 

Wm. Alberting. 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



91 



EXCEEDS EXPECTATIONS. 

Burwell, Neb., Oct. 23, 1903. 
This is to inform you that I have been 
feeding Standard Food for five years with 
splendid results. I have fed it to fattening 
hogs and shoats to exceed my expectations. 
Have fed it to milch cows, and it greatly in- 
creased the amount of milk. There is noth- 
ing like Standard Food for calves. 

Wm. R. Wright. 

IT MAKES THEM GROW. 

Bellwood, Neb., Apr. 25, 1899. 
I have fed Standard Food since last August 
to all my hogs. I have about 140 head and 
have not a stunted or scrawny hog on my 
farm. I am sure it makes pigs or shoats grow 
a great deal faster, and I know that any good 
feeder, when pushing his hogs for the market, 
can get an extra gain of 10 or 12 pounds per 
month on each head by using Standard Food. 
J. W. Demuth. 

BROOD SOWS AND PIGS. 

Blair, Neb., Mar. 17, 1904. 
This is to certify that I have fed Standard 
Food for some years with good results. I fed 
it to my brood sows last year and had no 
trouble in the farrowing time. I had 13 young 
sows and raised 86 pigs. I think Standard 
Food is good for hogs and cattle, 

Wm. Hansen. 

SHORTENS FEEDING PERIOD. 

Mead, Neb., May 1, 1901. 
I have fed Standard Food for two years, I 
find that I can considerably shorten the feed- 
ing period. Hogs that follow cattle do nearly 
enough better to pay for the Food. After sell- 
ing my cattle I keep right on feeding the 
1 ood to my old and young hogs. I find that I 
can get them ready for market much sooner 
by feeding the Food. I would not feed without 
it. L. Johnson. 

KEEPS THEM UP AND COMING. 

Blair, Nebr,, March 18, 1904. 
I have been feeding Standard Food over a 
year to hogs and cattle. I fed it to some runty 
shoats and they picked right up and did well. 
I fed it to cattle this last winter with good 
results. Never was one off feed, not one scoured 
and digestion was very good. 

I am pleased with the Food and will continue 
to use it, and have ordered 500 lbs. more today. 
Andrew Beck. 

THE BEST. 

Sheldon, la,, June 12, 1900. 

For the benefit of those who doubt the merits 
of Standard Food, I will say that there is no 
question but that it is the best condimental food 
on the market for feeding to farm animals. 
Standard Food is a great appetizer and digester. 
To digest and assimilate more of the nutriment 
means more profit for every bushel of grain fed, 
besides the extra growth, thrift and finish. 

At my sale last year at Tipton, la., it was 
said that I had the best lot of hogs in that 
county. I had over 200 head, which averaged 
290 pounds at eight months. I feed Standard 
Food to my brood sows before they farrow and 
during the suckling period, and to the young 
pigs just as soon as they start to eat. By so 
doing, they keep j-rowing and thriving from the 
start to finish ; and if you cannot do this with 
a hog, he is very poor property, indeed. I have 
fed over 10,000 pounds of Standard Food, and 
I know what it will do for a man who will feed 
it right. Do not feed 50 pounds or 100 pounds 
and then quit, but keep feeding it and it will 
make you money, as it has me. I would not 
be without it, and think every farmer should 
use it, and in a 10 minutes' talk I feel sure I 
could convince a man that he should feed it; 
for I can put a better hog on the market at 8 
months by the use of Standard Food than I can 
<it 19 TOQntlis vritbQut it. J. B. Cart. 



SHORT CUTS TO MARKET. 
Office of A. C. Antrim, Trustee Jackson Town> 
ship, Howard County, Indiana. 
Converse, Miami Co., Ind,, June 23d, 1897. 

This is to certify that on May 15th I weighed 
ten head of hogs that weighed i,920 lbs. I 
placed them in a clover lot, and began feeding 
them corn and Standard Food. I weighed the 
corn that I fed to these hogs, and weighed the 
hogs each week to see how much they would 
gain, and how much pork I could make from a 
bushel of corn. 

On May 22d they weighed 2,130 lbs. On May 
29th they weighed 2,320 lbs. Up to this time 
I had fed about twenty bushels of corn. At 
this time I turned in three head more, which 
weighed 715 lbs. On June 5th the thirteen 
weighed 3,140 lbs. I sold these hogs on June 
9th, weighing 3,245 lbs., having fed them forty 
bushels of corn and made 610 lbs. of pork; or 
fifteen and one -fourth lbs, of pork for each 
bushel of corn f jd. 

I am still feeding Standard Food, and can 
recommend it to anyone to feed as a fattener. 
(Signed) A. C, Antrim. 

THE BEST EVER. 
Greeley Center, Neb., April 19, 1899, 
We have been feeding Standard Food for 
about one year with good success. It is the 
best we ever tried. We have been feeding it to 
hogs and are surprised at the gain in growth 
and fat that they are putting on. W-s are 
feeding it to cattle with good success. 

Have just ordered 1,000 lbs. more and ^ixpect 
to continue to feed till cattle are sold. 

Brown & Zent ler. 

GAINED 250 LBS. IN 33 DAYS. 

Edgar, Neb,, May 31, 1900. 
On the 11th day of April, 1900, I put two 
sows in the fattening pen, fed them on corn, 
and at noon gave them a thin slop of shorts 
and bian. In addition to this, I fed Standard 
Food. Sows weighed on April llth, 880 pounds. 
Fed them 33 days, when they weighed 1,130 
pounds, showing a gain of 250 pounds, or a 
gain of nearly 3 8-10 pounds per day per head. 
I know Standard Food very materially hel'ped 
make the large gain. Am going to buy more 
Standard Food. Wm. Darby. 

A FIRM FRIEND. 

Malvern, la., July 9, 1900. 

I will give my experience in feeding Stand- 
ard Food to hogs. I began it nearly a year 
ago, and am becoming a firm friend of it. Last 
winter I fed it to 65 winter pigs that thrived 
all through the coldest weather, and had no 
cough. I have fed it to hogs of all ages, with 
the same good results. This spring I had 20 
brood sows that were fed the Food before far- 
rowing, and they raised me 150 pigs. Can say 
I never had sows to farrow so easily, and the 
pigs were all strong, healthy, little fellows, 
I have also fed the Food to fattening cattle and 
find they do excellently with a little of the 
Food with their grain ration. 

I can say that I am well pleased with Stand- 
ard Food and shall continue to use it. 

Chas. H. Brooks. 

HAS CAUSE FOR LIKING IT. 

Emerson, Neb., April 4, 1901. 

This is to certify that I bought of your agent 
100 pounds of Standard Food to feed to hogs. 1 
shut up five good hogs to fatten. They were 
thin and averaged about 200 each. I fed them 
cooked corn and oats and Standard Food. I 
sold them 22 days after starting them, and they 
averaged 251 pounds, making a gain of 51 
pounds in 22 days, 

I like Standard Food and believe that it pays 
any one to feed it. Y»«r agent treated me very 
nice and has done all he could to help me get 
results. I shall continue to feed Standard 



92 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 



"It Does the Business" 

Mr. Fred Haage, near Mammon, Iowa, 
owns a nice farm and has it nicely im- 
proved, with a fine house and a big 
barn, as our pictures show. Mr. Haage 
had but little stock on his farm, a hail- 
storm last year having devastated his 
farm, entirely ruining every crop he had 
so that he did not harvest a bushel of 



LOSES NO MORE HOGS. 

Loretto, Neb., July 23, 1904. 
1 have fed Standard Stock Food to hogs, 
horses and cattle with splendid results. I 
never made a scale test, but always have goo-.i 
hogs, cattle and horses and lose no hogs with 
cholera, either. 

I gave Mr. McDonald an order for another 
100 lbs, today for my weaned pigs. I have fed 
the Food for eight years and will continue feed- 
ing it while I raise and feed stock, 

Silas Daniels. 




Residence of Fred Haage and His Bam^ 



grain of any kind. His pigs are shown 
in the picture and these he intended to 
finish on Standard Stock Food. 

"The Food is all right," said Mr. 
Haage, "and I like it the best kind. I 
wouldn't buy any other kind for I have 
used the Standard a good while and it 
does the business for me. These pigs 
will get it as soon as I begin to feed 
them grain, because it will make them 
get fat quick." 

Mr. Haage is a German of the kind 
that calculates closely and does not buy 
anything until he is assured that it will 
pay him to do so. When .such a man 
uses any article it shows that he feels 
that he cannot afford to do without it. 



A COMPARISON. 
Webster, Neb., Apr. 12, 1899. 
This is the result of a test feed made by me 
on a bunch of hogs. Thirty head of hogs were 
,fed 30 days without Standard Food and they 
tnade a gain of 30 pounds per head; then they 
were fed just the same for 21 days with Stand- 
ard Food and got a gain of 33 pounds per head 
for the 21 days. These are gains made and 
shown by actual scale weight and known to be 
Wrr^Qti P' Kleemanui 



TWENTY YEARS' EXPERIENCE. 

Syracuse, Neb., May 23. 1900. 
I fed 300 pounds of Standard Food to 90 
head of hogs that I had in the fattening pen, 
and I never had hogs do as well in all of my 
20 years' experience of hog raising, and I give 
Standard Food the credit. I know that it made 
me a large profit over and above the cost of 
the Food. I can cheerfully recommend it to my 
neighbors, and to whom it may concern. 

Peter Ferguson. 

GOOD COUNSEL. 
Orange City, la., June 13, 1903. 

I commenced the use of your Food in March, 
1903, and fed it to hogs, I want to say that in 
all the years I have raised hogs I never have 
had hogs that did so well as the bunch to which 
I fed the Food, 

I kept on using it and now instead of buying 
it in 50 or 100 pound lots, I am going to buy 
it in ton lots. Do you suppose after using 300 
lbs. for hogs that I would buy it in ton lots 
if I did not think and knov/ it was the best 
thing I ever used for pigs? It will do all you 
claim for it and more. My hogs are healthy 
and are doing well. My twenty-five sows have 
raised me a nice lot of pigs. I have about 170 
small pigs and I am going to feed them Stand- 
ard Food until I put them on the market, I 
would not feed without it. 

Try it, my farmer friends, and you will 
think as I do. Wishing you success, I am. 
Yours truly, 

K, P^Jong. 



Care and Feeding of S'w^ine 



93 



The Stock Show It 

Mr. Meyer has a fine farm a few miles 
from Clarinda, Iowa. One gets to the 
house by driving up an avenue of thrifty 
young maples, on the right of which is 
the house, and, at the end, to the left, 
is the big barn and the barnyard. 

It was at this farm 
that the writer met his 
first defeat with a cam- 
era for a long time. Two 
boxes of "dead" plates 
had been palmed off on 
us by an Omaha photog- 
rapher, and because of 
this, we failed to get 
pictures of the fine 
house and its owner, the 
big barn and the 200 pigs 
growing up in the pas- 
tures back of the barn. 

We drove out to see 
Mr. Meyer in company 
with an agent of the F. 
E. Sanborn Company, 
and we had hardlj- got 
out of the buggy when 
one of the boys slipped 
up to the agent, and 
said. "Mr. Whittaker, we are out of 
Standard Stock Food and the horses are 
beginning to show it." 

This hint was not lost, and that Mr. 
Meyer appreciates Standard Stock Food 
was proven by his order for lialf a ton 
to be delivered at once. 

Mr. Meyer is a man of few words, but 
when he does talk, he means all he 
says. Beginning at the bottom, he has 
earned, by honest work, the big farm he 
now owns, and. although still in middle 
life, he is comfortably situated as far as 
this world's goods are concerned. 

"I feed Standard Stock Food to all 
kinds of stock," he said, "and it does 
good every time. I just sold a nice lot 
Of steers, and I am sorry I could not 
have them here for you to see. I don't 
feed very much Stock Food, may be a 
ton in a year, but it pays all the time." 

Here was a conservative, careful, 
methodical German farmer, who does not 
spend money foolishly, but who knows 
for himself that, in order to make most 
money from his stock, he must follow 
up-to-date methods, and for this reason 
he feeds Standard Stock Food. 

When we got back to town. Mr. Whit- 
taker showed us a splendid Poland-China 
sow, that he owns, with her pigs. This 
sow was jumped on by a horse, while 
heavy in pig, and so broken down that 
she could not walk and Mr. Whittaker 
thought she was totally ruined. 

He fed her regularly, however, using 
Standard Stock Food, and she farrowed 
safely and began to get better. Soon she 
was able to walk around, but not easily, 
50 she lay most of the time in the shade, 



only getting up for a little ■While at a 
time. 

The pigs show for themselves what 
kind of a suckler she was under such un- 
favorable circumstances. Standard Stock 
Food kept up the flow of milk and no 
one could wish for better pigs than the 
lot shown in the illustration. 




Mr. "Whittaker's Brood Sow 

AVERAGE -WEIGHT AT 8 MONTHS. CI"' 
POUNrS. 
Central City, Neb., Oct. 30, 1B99. 
On the 27th of September, 1898, 1 bought ito 
pounds of your Standard Food and began feed- 
ing it to my hogs. There were ten head in 
the bunch that were first of August pigs. I 
fed them until the last week in May and so^a 
them and they averaged 315 pounds each, which 
I consider good weight as I have fed hogs for 
the last nineteen years and have never been 
able to turn them at that age with anything 
I ever fed before. I also fed it to milch cows 
with very good results. I have fed about 350 
pounds since I first bought, and expect to con- 
tinue its use. I have this day placed my order 
for 100 pounds more Food. 

-W. H. 'Wilder. 

BEST PIGS HE EVER RAISED. 

Genoa Bluff, la,, June 23, 1898. 
It is nearly two years since Mr. I. B. 
Goodwin, of Marengo, called on me and wanted 
me to feed some Standard Food to my shoats, 
I did not have any faith in it, but bought fifty 
pounds to give it a trial. After feeding it a 
few weeks I could see a big improvement in 
them. I purchased fifty pounds more, and fed 
it with the same result as before. I have since 
fed over 500 pounds and shall want about 800 
pounds more in September for hogs and cat- 
tle. I fed it to my brood sows last fall and 
winter, and this winter from 22 sows I raised 
130 figs. They are the best I ever raised. 
Fred Haack. 

BELIEVES IN IT. 
■Wood River, Neb,, Nov. 11, 1901. 

I have just finished a test on Standard Food, 
which has been very satisfactory. It is as fol- 
lows: 

On October 9th, 1901, I took eight hogs, four 
in each pen. The four that had straight corn 
weighed 555 pounds. The four that had Stand- 
ard Food weighed 540 pounds. On November 
11th, the four having straight corn weighed 
780 pounds, gaining 225 pounds, 56 pounds each. 
The four having Standard Food weighed 825 
pounds, gaining 285 pounds, 71 pounds each. I 
fed 65 cents worth of Standard Food. 

I believe I pan recommend Standard Food for 
hofS, I, M, Hgdgqs, 



94 



The Standard Feedei Part Three 



Has Fed Tons of It 

Tfie farm of William Firoved, near 
Monmouth, 111., is one of the best cared 
for in Illinois. The roadsides are clean, 
the fences in good repair, and all rubbish 
is kept cleaned up, so the barnyard is 
as clean as a well-kept lawn. 

Mr. Firoved has lived on this farm for 
nearly fifty years, and it is as fertile and 
productive to-day as it was the first 
day a furrow was turned on it. 

One of our representatives visited him 



"I have lost as many as 1,000 hogs from 
cholera in one year, but since I began to 
feed Standard Stock Food I have not 
been troubled with it. 1 think it is all 
right in every way and expect to keep 
right on using it as long as I feed 
stock." 

That Mr. Firoved is a pretty good 
tenant is proved by the fact that he has 
rented a 160-acre farm of the same man 
every year for more than 40 years. The 
owner does not care to sell the land, and 
Mr. Firoved has continued to rent it reg- 




Scenes on Mr. Firoved's Farm 



in July of this year, and found Mr. Fir- 
oved engaged in feeding a fine lot of cat- 
tle. He buys feeders, and sells them to 
his neighbors, or feeds them out, accord- 
ing to circumstances. Having 520 acres 
of his own land, and 160 acres rented, ho 
keeps from 200 to 300 cattle, and from 
300 to 1,000 hogs. He told our representa- 
tive that he raises only a small part of 
the grain he feeds, buying thousands of 
bushels of corn every year. 

Asked about his experience with Stan- 
dard Stock Food, he said: "I have fed 
Standard Stock Food for about 12 years, 
and find it a fine conditioner and finisher 
for cattle and hogs. I have fed a good 
many tons of it, and it has always paid 
me. 

"I feed my cattle twice a day, ear 
corn, breaking up the ears and scatter- 
ing the Stock Food over it. Since I be- 
gan to feed Standard Stock Food I never 
have a steer off his feed nor out of con- 
dition in any way. Steers to which it is 
fed always have a good appetite and eat 
regularly and gaiq steadily, 



ularly. As it is constantly improving in 
productiveness, both the renter and 
owner seem perfectly satisfied with this 
arrangement. 

Our representative got some photo- 
graphs while visiting Mr. Firoved, show- 
ing his cattle, his home and himself. 
The one of Mr. Firoved was taken while 
he was talking to a neighbor and not 
looking, and is a good picture of this pro- 
gressive and successful farmer. 

120 LBS. EXTRA IN 30 DAYS. 

Basco, 111., April 15, 1899. 

Al. Colwell had 16 white shoats averaging a 
little over 100 lbs. He divided and weighed, 
putting eight in each pen, side hy side, and 
fed one lot Standard Food and the other the 
way he had been used to feeding. At the end 
of 30 days he weighed the hogs again and the 
lot getting the Standard Food had put on 120 
lbs. more than the other lot fed in the common 
way, making a nice gain over all cost and 
trouljle. 

(Mr. Colwell, who has since moved to your 
city, will verify these facts.) 

Jno. N. Forster, Basco, 111. 

The Standard Food cost him $4.00 ancl 
the ^xtra gain was^ -^ortU ?1Q,00, 



Care and Feeding of Swine 



95 



L NOW FEEDING STANDARD FOOD TO 
■ EVERYTHING. 

' Clarinda, la., June 10, 1900. 

I made the following test of your Food on 
fattening hogs. I took eight hogs, as near the 
same size as possible, and placed four each in 
two pens and fed each lot exactly the same 
grain ration, and to one lot fed Standard Food 
for 30 days; then I weighed them again and 
the four I had fed the Food to had gained 60 
pounds more fat than the four that had no 
Food. I made this test from a skeptical stand- 
point, believing that it would not pay to feed 
Standard Food, but I convinced myself that it 
was a paying investment, and now I am feed- 
ing it to everything I have and am getting 
very satisfactory results. We have bought 
2,000 pounds of Standard Food from your agent 
since April 2d, and don't expect to feed without 
it, for it pays a good profit. 

F. S. Cook & Son. 



VALUABLE INFORMATION. 

Ladora, Iowa, April 4th, 1899. 

I want to tell you what I think of Standard 
Food as a condimental ration for hog feeding. 
I lave been raising hogs for a number of years 
and have been fairly successful. My sows are 
always good sized at time of farrowing and as 
a general thing farrow a nice litter of large, 
healthy pigs. As soon as the pigs are old 
enough to drink, I provide a place for them 
to drink by themselves. To their ration of food 
I add a small amount of your Standard Food 
each day. It is surprising to see how hearty 
they eat and how the little fellows grow. I 
pursue this method until the pigs are about six 
months old, then I usually put part of them out 
to fatten, but, mind you, I don't quit feeding 
Standard Food then but more of it. By this 
method I succeeded in turning my hogs at much 
better weights and at an earlier age than I 
could before I began using your Standard Food. 
I do know that the general appearance of my 
entire herd is much better than before I began 
with the Food. 

I am trying to handle my hog business to 
make money out of it, and to do so one must 
get the most pounds of pork possible out of 
every bushel of the ,.'rain fed. and Standard 
Food is a wonderful help in securing those re- 
sults. I have fed several hundred pounds of 
your Food and have never been disappointed, 
believing that when I sell my hogs I get back 
the money I have invested in Standard Food 
with a good profit besides. 

Why do we feed corn to our hogs? We know 
corn will make pork and think it the better 
way to sell our corn. Why do I feed Standard 
Food with the grain knowing that it adds to 
the cost of feeding about three cents to each 
bushel of corn? Because I believe it adds about 
five cents to the net value of that bushel of 
corn. C. C. Keil. 

ORDERS MORE. 
Battle Creek, Neb., August 21, 1900. 
The hundred pounds of Food I bought of you. 
April 3rd, are about fed up, and I give this 
day an order for another lot. I am convinced 
of its merits and would not do without it. Fed 
50 pounds to a bunch of 40 pigs, as I had no 
milk or slop for them, and must say they are 
as good as anybody's milk or slop fed pigs, and 
better, as I have for the first time, not a runt 
in the whole bunch. F. M. Mozer. 

IT PAYS BIG. 
New Sharon, la., Nov. 7. 1903. 
I will tell you what I think of your Standard 
Food for hogs. I began feeding it to my sixty- 
six shoats about the 10th of September. 1903, 
and can say that I never have had hogs do so 
well. I was a little doubtful about the Food 
at first, but after a fair trial must say that it 
is all right and pays well to feed it. I am 
giving my order today for Food to finish my 
hoga. George Randels. 



APRIL TO DECEMBER, 265 LBS. 

Grinnell, Iowa, Jan. 15, 1900. 
My pigs were farrowed after the 20th of 
April, sold them the 20th of December; they 
averaged 265 lbs. each. They were fed on oats, 
slop, a ration of Standard Food, and had the 
run of a clover pasture. I can safely say that 
if the farmer will invest 20 cents per head for 
Standard Food, it will make him more money 
than any like amount in the deal. Count me 
for Standard Food. G. W. Hamilton. 

APPETITE INCREASED. 

Pittsfield, 111., Apr. 4, 1899. 

I have used the Standard Food with a bunch 
of hogs which I was preparing for market last 
fall. After feeding it regular, as your agent 
told me to, I found their appetite had increased 
and the corn seemed to be better digested and 
they put on flesh much faster than they did be- 
fore I fed it. 

After feeding it about two months, I sold 
them, and was much pleased with the results 
I obtained By feeding the Standard Food, and I 
expect to continue its use with my hogs, as I 
believe it made me a good profit, and I think 
it is what every farmer ought to feed who is 
feeding corn to his stock, for I know it aids 
the digestion and assimilation, and is a great 
flesh producer, and does more than you claim 
for it. T. B. Hall. 

MAKES STOCK HEALTHY. 

Albion. Neb.. Dec. 28, 1903. 

I have fed your Standard Stock Food for a 
good many years. Fed it to hogs and horses 
and am well satisfied with it. I know it keeps 
my hogs healthy and makes an extra growth, 
saves grain, puts them on the market quicker 
and when fed to brood sows the pigs come 
with less difficulty, healthy and strong. Stand- 
ard Food is all right. Frank Lenhart. 

P. S. — I gave Mr. McDonald my order for 
200 lbs. today. 

A SQUARE TEST. 

Loup City. Nebr.. June 22, 1904. 

I have fed Standard Stock Food to pigs for 
about two years with splendid results. My 
brother and I divided our pigs; fed the same, 
except I a regular ration of Standard Food and 
he didn't. My hogs when we sold them aver- 
aged 40 lbs. more than his. He says he in- 
tends to feed Standard Food to his now. 

I know Standard Food is profitable to feed to 
hogs. B. W. Parkhurst. 

ONE TEST SATISFIES. 

Aurora, Neb.. May 1, 1899. 
I commenced feeding Standard Food to about 
25 head of late pigs and fed them through tho 
early part of winter, and will say they did as 
well as I ever had them do on grain and pas- 
ture, which I think is doing well for winter 
feeding. The test that I made gave me entire 
satisfaction. J. L. Evans. 

2 4-10 LBS. A DAY FOR 80 DAYS. 

Boone, la., April 4, 1899. 

I commenced feeding Standard Food to twelve 
shoats June 10th, 1898, for a test, by request 
of your agent, they averaging 40 pounds in 
weight and from 2V to 3 months old. When 
the cholera struck my locality, I drew off to 
market my twelve shoats at 272 pounds' aver- 
age, the third day of September, 1898, making 
a gain of 232 pounds' average in two months 
and 23 days. I fed 50 pounds of Standard 
Food and the rest of my shoats run out and 
were not fit for market at all. I consider the 
Focd made me $50.00, $1.00 per pound. 

Do not wait to grow your pigs to fatten 
them. Grow them and fatten them at the 
same time; then, if disease comes, draw them 
off. I am well pleased with the Food and am 
feeding it to nearly everything now. 

Martin Hested. 



96 



The Standard Feeder— Part Three 




100 PER CENT. ON THE INVESTMENT. 

Central City, Neb., Feb. 3, 1904. 

I thought you might like to know how I like 
feeding Standard Food. I feed it to hogs and 
cattle and to calves (to calves in separated 
milk). 

I have thirty-six shoats less than nine months 
old, that will average 275 lbs., which is bet- 
ter than I have ever been able to do before 
using Standard Food. My fall and winter pigs 
are as good or better than are usually produced 
in summer on green feed. 

I know that I make more than 100 per cent, 
on money invested in Standard Stock Food. 
The Standard Food weighs the right way. 

J, H. Jefferson. 

OF ALL FOODS— THE STANDARD. 

Hazel Dell, la., Feb. 18. 1903. 

I commenced feeding Standard Food last 
spring, before my sows farrowed their pigs. 
They seemed to come strong and healthy and 
grow right off, 

I fattened sixteen, which weighed 301 V2 lbs. 
at ten months. Sold eight to 0. E. Osborn the 
1st of December. Their average was 257 lbs. 
Five were sold at his sale. No. 20 brought $56. 
No. 21 brought $68. No. 22 brought $78. No. 
23 brought $100. No. 26 brought $51, which 
averaged over $70 a head. Two fall pigs, one 
weighing 175 lbs., the other 165 lbs., five 
months old, brought $26. 

I can say of all stock foods that I ever fed. 

Standard Food is the best for growth and fat. 

it makes the food digest good and keeps the 

pigs healthy. For my part, I expect to feed it. 

S. L. Osborn. 

SKEPTICAL AT FIRST, BUT CONVINCED IT 
PAYS. 

Van Meter, la., June 6, 1900. 
Standard Food not only increases the ap- 
petite, causing the pigs to take more food, but 
it greatly promotes digestion and assimilation 
as well, thus enabling the animal to get more 
out of the food consumed. I find the Food 
also excellent for brood sows, both before and 
after farrowing. It keeps the appetite good 
and the digestion good, and on these things 
hinge the growth and welfare of the litter. I 
feed it to young pigs as soon as they will eat, 
mixed with slop of bran and shorts; and to 
older pigs, in soaked corn, about one pound 
to 3 bushels of corn. Of course, it adds to the 
cost of feeding, but I am confident the in- 
creased growth much more than offsets the cost. 
Have also fed it to my work horses with ex- 
oellent results. Wm. Hester, 



$1,50 MADE $10.12. 

Oskaloosa, Kans., Dec. 28, 1900. 
I began feeding 7 pigs in fair / condition, 
weighing an average of 100 pounds, on Sop- 
tirriber 24, 1900, and put them on market No- 
vember 9, 1900, averaging 190 pounds. I fed 
them 46 bushels of corn and got 13 21-23 
pounds of pork for every bushel of corn fed, 
or a little over 61 cents per bushel for my 
corn. I fed $1.50 worth of Standard Food 
to them, and I believe I got at least 5 pounds 
of extra pork fiom each bushel of corn fed by 
the use of the Standard Food, which was 230 
pounds of pork; for which I got $4.40 per 100 
pounds, making $10.12 extra at a cost of $1.50. 
I have been faeJing my stock, hogs and pigs 
with good results, and recommend Standard 
Food to all feeders for fattening and growing 
stock. T, E. Hurst. 



$27.00 WORTH— AM 
OFF. 



$100.00 BETTtR 



Plato, Neb., August 29, 1900. 
Allow me to tell you the best I can what I 
think of Standard Food. I have always raised 
good hogs before I ever fed it. In Decem- 
ber, I bought 500 pounds for $45.00, and I 
have fed about 300 pounds of the five hundred 
since, and I consider I am $100.00 better off 
in gain in pork and finish, than I would have 
been if I had not fed it. 

John irowell, 

BEST IN 20 YEARS. 

Bromfleld, Neb., May 23, 1900. 
I purchased some of your Standard Food of 
your special agent to feed to winter pigs, I 
can say after feediiig the Food according to di- 
rections that I have now the best bunch of 
winter pigs I have raised during the past 
twenty years, I have today placed my order 
for more Food. Janet Stewart. 



FEEDS STANDARD— WINS ADMIRATION. 

Taylor Ridge 111., Feb. 29. 1904. 
I had 16 sows: 15 of them had 108 pigs. I 
weaned them as they were about 7 or 8 weeks 
old, lost 10 head of them, leaving 98. I com- 
menced to feed Standard Food on July first, 
1903, kept it up until I sold them, February 
22nd, 1904. They were 9 months' old. Sold to 
0. L. Bruner, Taylor Ridge. Their average 
weight was 310 V4 pounds. There were a good 
many farmers present when we weighed them. 
They wanted to know what I had fed them. 
I told them Standard Food. G, Schneider, 



■tji :£ji/,^x-^%:r:mj't.-Mv.K'^o-^rJ:'S.^',^,^ \^..^^ 




£.2 



mill 




THE HORSE 

Man's best friend in the brute creation — as faithful as a spouse, 
as sensitive as a baby, as intelligent as ordinary mankind. 

In work and in play, in war and in peace, by night and by day, 
in winter's snows and summer's heat— under the half-naked savage 
or before Milady's carriage— toiling over rugged mountain peaks 
or tugging at heavy loads in dark mines in the very bowels of the 
earth — wherever man labors or sports, there is the faithful horse, 
bearing man's burdens, speeding him through space, saving him 
time, and helping him on to greater usefulness and happiness. 

We have harnessed the Niagara's of the world and set them to 
work; we have put the yoke of labor upon the quiet mill-stream; we 
have confined vapory steam in iron bounds and made it our slave; 
the winds of the heavens do our bidding; the limpid oil from Earth's 
deep crevices turn our mighty engines; we have jerked the light- 
nings from the clouds and set them to doing the tasks of millions 
of men; the chug-chug of the automobile is heard up and down the 
land, in quiet country lanes and crowded city's thoroughfares, and 
yet — the Horse — from faithful old Dobbin in the home pasture, to 
the high-bred, high-stepping, $20,000 prize beauty in the show ring- 
is more valued, more honored, more loved today than ever before 
in the world's history. 

Man's best friend —he deserves man's best treatment. 

Give him Standard Stock Food. He likes it. He deserves it. 
It is good for him. It makes him worth more to you, for 

Standard Stock Food Makes Stock Thrive 

97 



98 



The Standard Feeder — Part Four 



CARE AND FEEDING OF HORSES 



D 



The Horseman 

ilT HAS often been said that the true 
horseman is a natural-born genius; 
the knack of knowing horses and 
the art of breeding, feeding and 
caring' for them to the best advantage 
being born in a man and not acquired by- 
study or practice. 

This is true to a certain extent — but 
only to a certain extent. 

The successful horseman must have a 
deep-rooted, natural, instinctive love for 
the horse. 

With that to start with, an observing 
eye in his head with the crevices behind 
the eye filled with good horse-sense, will 
do the rest. 

This must be remembered, however: 

The horse has a more highly developed 
— more distinctive individuality than any 
other domestic animal. 

This individuality must be taken into 
account. It is not easy to lay down cast- 
iron rules that apply with equal force to 
all horses. 

Good horsemen understand this. 

Often they find it necessary to give 
each horse of a pair very different treat- 
ment. 

We shall endeavor, therefore, in this 
chapter to give only broad, general di- 
rections for the care of horses. 

We shall descrilje one good way and not 
pretend to give the only way. 

General Treatment 

THE SPIRIT.— The one thing to keep in 
mind at all times in the care and man- 
agement of horses is this: 

The horse is not a mere machine of 
bone and muscle; he is an active, living 
organism, and his usefulness and value 
depend more upon his nerve, his spirit 
and temperament than upon the physical 
frame work. 

The general structure is important. It 
is the foundation. It must be right. But 
it is valueless unless it is animated by a 
keen activity, a fire, a vigor, a spirit— 
we almost said soul, and, indeed, in the 
well-bred, well-reared, well-managed 
horse there is something very much akin 
to what we call soul in man. 

A man may weigh 200 pounds, have an 
Apollo-like form, be as handsome as a 
picture and be absolutely valueless to so- 
ciety. 

A horse may be perfect in his confor- 
mation to type, he may have a good pedi- 
gree and be fed a ration that is absolute- 
ly right according to the books, and yet 
be valueless to the owner if he has not 
in him that spark, that spirit, that dis- 
tinguishes the real horse from the plug. 



"DOSING" HORSES.— This desirable 
condition cannot be produced by dosing 
and doping horses. We do not call into 
question the value of the skilled veterina- 
rian and the remedies he gives, but we 
are sure of this: 

More horses have been ruined by pro- 
miscuous dosing with drugs than have 
ever been saved by them. 

A well horse needs no medicine. 

A sick horse needs the service of a 
trained veterinarian. 

There are, of course, a few simple rem- 
edies which the owner may safely admin- 
ister for a few simple, easily-understood 
diseases, but it is a safe rule to keep 
drugs away from your horses as far as 
I)ossible. , I * '] 

If a horse is in the hands of an intelli- 
gent master, if he has good quarters and 
proper care, if he is given proper exer- 
cise and not overworked, if he is given 
pure water and a good ration, made ap- 
petizing and palatable by the addition of 
a little Standard Stock Food, you will 
have no need of administering drugs. 

Ho will keep in fine condition without 
dosing. 

Standard Stock Food is not a medicine. 
It is simply a seasoning for the animal's 
ration, taking the place with the grain 
and hay, that was filled by the wild 
grasses and plants that the animal ate 
in infinite variety when on the range. 

It helps the appetite; it aids digestion; 
It quickens the circulation; it perfects as- 
similation and It Makes Stock Thrive. 

KINDNESS.— Nothing pays better. A 
good horse is impossible without it. 
Firmness is necessary, but it may be 
and should be a gentle firmness, so be 
gentle with your horses. 

The man who whips and kicks and 
scolds his horses, does not get the best 
results from the grain and hay he feeds 
them. 

Nor can these useful and intelligent ani- 
mals give him their best efforts, if they 
live in constant dread of a blow or a jerk. 

The nerve and spirit of a horse is 
more valuable to you than any other part 
of him. 

Don't destroy the nerve and break the 
.spirit by rough usage. 

Mistreatment either develops vicious- 
ness or breaks down and destroys his 
spirit. 

It interferes with his digestion and 
wastes his energies. 

So be kind to him and build up his 
confidence in you and himself just as you 
try to build up flesh on his bones and en- 
durance in his muscles. 

Use the whip only when necessary and 
never in anger. 

Give him the benefit of the doubt. 



Care and Feeding of Horses 



99 



Speak firmly but kindly to him for even 
a horse appreciates a pleasing voice, 
which carries with it the expression of 
kindness. 

GROOMING AND CLEANING.— Any 
man who is capable of owning or manag- 
ing a horse naturally takes pride in the 
appearance of the animal. He wants the 
horse to show the effects of the good 
care he has had. 

But the grooming and cleaning of 
horses is of greater importance than that. 

It isn't simply a matter of looks. 

It means health and vigor, spirit and 
nerve. 

The horse is a hard-working animal. 
Old tissue in his body is constantly being 
torn down and thrown away. 

A large part of this is eliminated from 
the body through the pores of the skin. 

In fact almost as much waste matter 
is expelled from the body of the horse 
through the pores of the skin as by the 
bowels. 

Think of that, the pores of the skin 
play as important a part in the horse's 
health as do the bowels. 

It is just as necessary to keep them 
open and in fine condition as it is to 
keep the bowels open and in good con- 
dition. 

Then, use the comb and brush. 

They show that you are a good horse- 
man, and their use pays. 

Don't use a curry comb with too sharp 
teeth. It is painful, and in time will de- 
stroy the disposition of a good horse. 

One of the best tools of a good groom 
is a stiff broom with the handle cut off 
to a convenient length, say, two feet or 
less. This affords a good leverage and 
enough power can be brought to bear on 
the horse's coat, not only to remove a 
great deal of dust in a short time, but 
to make the coat bright and to invigorate 
the skin. 

Finish the grooming jjroeess with a 



cloth, going over the horse with it from 
head to heel. 

Give particular attention to the fet- 
locks. Rub them clean and dry. 

Clean out the feet with a foot hook, 
and do it every day. 

If there are any abrasions on the limbs, 
or on any part of the body from the 
wear of the harness, clean them thor- 
oughly and apply Standard Gall Cure. 

It works like a charm on collar or sad- 
dle galls or on any abrasions of the skin, 
resulting from any cause. 

It should be in every stable. (See page 
159.) 

Preparing Horses for "Winter 

We should not forget the old saying, 
"The animal that is in good condition 
when winter comes is already half win- 
tered." 

During the fall let us by good feed and 
good care put the horses in the best pos- 
sible shape to go through the winter. 

In caring for a horse you have noticed 
that he sheds his coat twice a year. In 
the spring he lays off his long, warm 
coat of winter hair and puts on a shorter, 
finer and sleeker one. 

This in turn is replaced in the fall with 
the heavy winter coat again. 

Now this change of coats is quite a 
drain upon the horse's vitality, and with- 
out special care he will become dull and 
low-spirited, and is more than usually 
susceptible to colds and other common 
disorders. 

Keep up tlie flesh. Maintain his con- 
dition and general vitality during these 
periods with good feed and good care. 

To every feeding ration add a sprink- 
ling of Standard Stock Food— enough to 
season it and add to its palatataleness 
and digestibility, and you will be re- 
warded with a condition of flesh and gen- 
eral thriftiness that will put your horse 
into wintri- iiuartc'i-s with an assuranc. 



£S»S«-'cy'd- . .L:,^iiSiii^iSWs© 




L.ofC. 



100 



The Standard Feeder — Part Four 



of the best condition and the greatest 

economy in his keeping. 
Lest you forget, let us say it again, 
"Standard Stock Food makes stock 

thrive." 

Buying a Horse 

Buy a horse that is well broken. A 
horse may be perfect in form and build, 
sound in wind and limb, and yet be ren- 
dered worse than valueless by vicious 
habits or bad training. 

Study his disposition as well as his 
build. 

Insist upon seeing him both in action 
and while standing perfectly still. 

If he does not stand perfectly square 
and plumb on all four feet, in a natural 
manner without lifting the heel from the 
ground, have a suspicion of his soundness. 

Select a horse suited to the work you 
want done. 

The all-round, general-purpose horse is 
a delusion — like most Jacks-of-all-trades. 

You can judge of his intelligence by 
his face. The head should be broad be- 
tween the eyes; the eyes large and kind- 
ly, the mouth large with smooth, close- 
shut lips, the ears not too long but broad 
and inclining slightly inward. 

A slightly curved neck of good thick- 
ness, a deep circular chest, a well-round- 
ed belly, high withers, slanting shoulders 
and bulky, muscular loins are all desira- 
ble. 

The haunch should be well rounded and 
the tail carried well up. 

The legs should be straiglit and strong, 
the pastern gradually sloped, the feet 
close together with the hoofs pointing 
forward. 

Starting a Balky Horse 

A man might use a worse thing to start 
a balky horse with than Standard Stock 
Food, but he could probably use a better. 

The horse likes it, and his attention 
might be diverted by it enough to get 
him started. 

But he may be more surely started in 
some other way. 

Years ago the Maine Farmer published 
a statement from a famous horseman, 
who said he had never failed to start a 
balky horse, no matter how badly he 
sulked nor how ugly he was by a very 
simple means. He said: 

"Do not beat him nor throw sand in his 
ears, nor use a rope on his front legs, 
nor burn straw under him. 

"Go quietly and pat him on the head a 
moment. Then take a hammer or pick 
up a stone from the road. Tell the driver 
to sit still, take his lines, hold them 
quietly while you lift up either of the 
horse's front feet and give each nail a 
light tap and a good smart tap on the 
frog. Drop his foot quickly and then 
chirrup to him to go. 

"In ninety-nine cases out of a hundred 



the horse will at once move off about his 
business, but the driver must keep his 
lines taut and not pull or jerk him back. 

"This may make you smile but a horse 
has more common-sense than most peo- 
ple are willing to give him credit for. 

"The secret of this little trick is simply 
diversion." 

The Feeding of Horses 

THE HORSES STOMACH.— Few men 
realize the difference in size between the 
horse's and the ox's stomach. The stom- 
ach of a large horse will not contain 
more than three or four gallons, while 
the rumen or paunch, the first division 
of the ox's stomach, will hold about 
sixty gallons. 

Consequently the horse must be fed a 
less quantity at a time, and feed that is 
more concentrated. 

THE RATION.— The horse wants only a 
little coarse food at a time. It takes him 
longer to eat his ration, because he must 
do all his chewing before the food is 
swallowed, while the ox relies upon 
rumination to prepare its food for diges- 
tion. 

Most people feed too much rather than 
too little. 

About two pounds of hay and grain per 
day for each one hundred pounds of live 
weight is usually enough to keep a horse 
in good working condition. When idle 
the amount of concentrates in the ration 
should be reduced one-third or one-half. 

Oats is the best all-round grain for the 
horse. 

It contains a larger proportion of mus- 
cle-making food than any other, and 
produces more nerve and spirit. 

Bran should form an important part of 
the horse's ration, and in winter, corn 
should be added. 

Hay should be fed twice a day and the 
amount should be less than the horse 
would naturally eat. 

Most farmers have corn in abundance. 
It is handy to feed and as a result they 
usually feed too much of it to horses. 

Corn is all right for fattening, but the 
horse is intended for work and what he 
needs most is the feed that makes mus- 
cle and gives strength and endurance. 

VARIETY OF FEED.— While oats is 
acknowledged to be the best horse feed, 
that is no reason why it should be fed 
exclusively. 

A variety of feed is not only much rel- 
ished by the horse, but is absolutely es- 
sential to his best condition. 

He will do better on a varied ration, 
even though it contains no more actual 
nutriment, because the variety appeals 
to his taste and that aids the process 
of digestion. 

Every good horseman you know, feeds 
a variety of grain to his horses. 

Oats ought to form the basis of the ra- 
tion, varied by the addition of bran. 



Care and Feeding of Horses 



101 



shorts, wheat, barley, corn and difEerent 
kinds of roughage. 

Standard Stock Food adds a relish to 
any grain ration fed to the horse. 

It makes ■ his feed taste better. It 
gives a zest to the appetite. It stimu- 
lates the secretions and aids the process 
of digestion. It imparts tone and condi- 
tion to the animal and a degree of spirit 
and vitality which is not obtained in or- 
dinary feeding. 
It makes stock thrive. 
Meal is not a natural food for the 
horse. It is too concentrated. If used 
it should be mixed with chopped hay or 
other roughage, dampened. 

If corn meal is fed it should be in the 
form of corn-and-cob meal to give body 
to the ration. 

REGULARITY.— One of the most im- 
portant things in the care of the horse 
is regularity in feeding. His stomach be- 
ing small in proportion to his size, makes 
frequent and regular feeding absolutely 
necessary to the best results. 

HOW TO FEED.— The order of giving 
feed and water is a matter of considera- 
ble importance upon which there is much 
difference of opinion among good horse- 
men. 

However, Prof. Sanborn, formerly of 
the Missouri Experiment Station, reached 
the conclusion, as the result of his experi- 
ments, that horses watered before feed- 
ing grain retained their weight better 
than if watered after feeding grain, and 
also had the better appetite. 

It is reasonable that horses should not 
be watered directly after eating, as the 
water is likely to carry out of the stom- 
ach a portion of undigested feed, which 
is wasted. 

As a rule horses should be fed three 
times a day. 

It is much better to give the heavy ra- 
tion at night, especially to horses that 
are worked heavily during the day. 
SALT.— The horse must have salt in 



abundance, but this does not mean giv- 
ing him a large quantity at irregular in- 
tervals. 

An excess of salt at one time produces 
congestion of the stomach and induces 
excessive thirst. 

It is better to keep rock salt before 
the horse all the time. He will then sat- 
isfy his appetite by an occasional lick. 

If you have not followed this practice, 
introduce it gradually by giving him a 
little salt with his regular ration for a 
week. 

FEEDING THE WORK TEAM.-A 

horse worked steadily and kept in good 
condition is apt to be in good appetite 
and to have good digestive powers. 

He needs a liberal feed, without over- 
feeding. 

Oats and good timothy hay, if varied 
with bran and shorts and made appetiz- 
ing with Standard Stock Food, make the 
ideal ration. 

For economy's sake a portion of the 
ration may consist of corn, especially in 
winter. But a work team cannot do it.s 
best on an exclusive corn ration. 

We have always obtained the best re- 
sults by running a portion of the hay 
through a hay-cutter, mixing the grain 
ration with it and dampening before feed- 
ing. 

The practice of allowing a work team 

KEEPS IT ON HAND. 
Centralia, Kans., April 7, 1903, 

I have fed Standard Food for three years. I 
kept only two or three horses and a few hogs 
and always keep my horses in good flesh and 
raise hogs as quickly and as big as anybooy. 
on about one-half the grain that I used to feed. 
My horses get only four ears of corn at a feed 
and are never off their feed or sick and are al- 
ways ready for work. My hogs have done fine. 

I have nearly one hundred swarms of bees 
and they are always at my Standard Food box. 
I surely believe that Standard Food is a fine 
thing for my bees, too, as well as for hogs and 
horses. 

I expect to continue to use your Food, I 
do not use very large quantities, but keep it 
always on hand. A. W. Swan. 



FOR THE LIVERY STABLE. 
Thurman, la., Sept. 9, 1904. 
The F, E, Sanborn Co., 
Omaha, Neb. 
Gentlemen: This is to certify 
that I have used Standard Stock 
Food in my livery barn for the past 
three years with the best of results. 
In fact it is the best stock food I 
ever used. I would not think of 
being without it. A. J. Martin, 



STANDARD FOOD FOR HORSES. 

Scottsville, Kan., July 31, 1903. 

I wish to say I fed Standard 
Stock Food to my horses twice a 
day all through harvest, and n-~vcr 
had horses keep up as well. Four 
of these horses were just getting 
over the distemper. 

Give me Standard Stock Food for 
borsea. 0. £. Schmell. 




Livery Barn of A. J. Martia 



102 



The Standard Feeder— Part Four 



to go from morning until niglit without 
food is cruel and injurious. 

The horse's stomach is small, and when 
working he needs food as often as a man 
at hard labor. 

The Carriage Horse 

Mettle and style are the results most 
Moked for in feeding carriage horses. 

Expense is usually not considered. 

..\s a result the carriage horse is gen- 
erally over-fed, especially when not used 
with regularity. 

The master or the groom must use the 
utmost discretion in measuring the quan- 
tity of feed by the work done. 

If for any reason the horses are not 
used, cut down the grain ration a third 
or a half. 

Use oats as the basis, give variety by 
rolled wheat, barley, bran and shorts. 

Don't over-crowd them with hay. 

Avoid surfeiting and indigestion and 
keep the digestive system toned up, the 
nerve, spirit and mettle developed, a 
thrifty condition maintained by the use 
of Standard Stock Food regularly. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Feeding the Trotter 

Every trainer, every owner of a fast 
horse, has his own methods of feeding 
and caring for the high-strung animal in 
his charge. 

These methods are usually the result of 
long experience and careful study, and 
probably are, in most cases, the method 
best adapted to the feeder and his horse. 

We do not propose to lay down rules 
for the care of trotters. 

But this thing Is certain: 

If you have the right foundation to 
start with, if the horse has it in him, you 
can feed mettle, and spirit and courage 
and nerve, into him. 

•And it is those things that win races 
and cut a second from records. 

On the other hand you can take all 
the vim and go and nerve out of the best 
horse that ever came down the home- 
stretch by ill-advised, injudicious feeding. 

Study the horse; his likes and dislikes; 
his digestive capacity, and nurse them 
as tenderly as a mother does a new-born 
babe. 

Avoid softening feeds. Make oats your 
basis, and above all things, see that the 
trotter on which you are pinning your 
faith, has a regular ration of Standard 
Stock Food in season and out. 

Don't over-feed it, but give enough 
with each ration to tempt the appetite, 
to tone up the digestive system, to in- 
crease the flow of digestive juices, to aid 
in assimilation, to make the work of di- 
gesting the food easier, so that all the 
animal's energy Is left for the track; to 
quicken the circulation and put an edge 
on him. 

It helps him acquire the qualities that 
smash records. 



It gives him the mettle and endurance, 
that win. 

Fattening for Market 

Whatever we may think of the value of 
fat on a draft horse, the fact remains 
that the demands of the markets— espe- 
cially the Eastern markets— are for draft 
horses and chunks in a much fatter con- 
dition than the average farmer deems 
necessary. 

This has given rise to a distinct busi- 
ness in the Central West, largely in the 
hands of professional horse buyers, who 
fatten from one hundred to one thou- 
sand head of horses in a season. 

They find it an easy matter to Increase 
the weight of a fair-sized draft horse one 
hundred pounds a month, by putting him 
on full feed and giving him no more ex- 
ercise than is necessary to keep him in 
condition. 

They effect an increase in price of $10.00 
to $25.00 per head. 

The farmer who raises horses might 
just as well have this extra price, for he 
has at hand every means that the pro- 
fessional horse feeder has, to put the 
horse in a fat condition. 

The plan of feeding is to adopt the 
kind of feed that is cheapest in the vicin- 
ity. 

This generally means the heavy feeding 
of corn. 

The most successful feeders feed two 
feeds daily of bran, shorts and oats and 
one feed of corn, with good clover hay for 
roughage. 

They feed all the horses will eat, keep 
them in comfortable stables and give but 
little exercise. 

They find Standard Stock Food of espe- 
cial value at this time, in giving the 
horses' appetite a natural stimulant, 
and in assisting in the work of digestion. 

Its cost is so slight, compared with the 
extra good effect obtained, that no good 
horseman can afford to do without it. 

It is extremely important that horses 
which are fattening do not become dull 
and sluggish. 

If they do, you lose as much as you 
gain from the extra flesh. 

Sta:ndard Stock Food, by toning up the 
digestive system and quickening the cir- 
culation, prevents this sluggishness. 

It gives the horse that extra condition 
which we call "finish" in steers, and 
sends him to market as "fit as a fiddle." 

Now just a word which seems to have 
a place right here. 

Some customers say, "Why will Stan- 
dard Stock Food give muscle, strength 
and endurance to a trotter, nerve and 
spirit to a carriage horse, and put fat on 
a draft horse, which is the very thing the 
trotting horse owner doesn't want." 

We believe you understand. 

If you don't, here's the place to find out. 

With the trotter yoq 'waot ipuscle, 
strength, endurance. 



Care and Feeding of Horses 



103 




You know tliat a large proportion of 
the grain you feed is absolutely wasted, 
because the animal does not thor- 
oughly digest it. 

Anything that will help the digestion 
will save money for you. 

Standard Stock Food 

makes the feeding ration more palat- 
able. It stimulates the flow of the di- 
gestive juices. It helps the animal 
digest the ration. It helps the animal 
get more good out of the feed you feed. 
It makes the feed you feed go farther 
and do more good. It saves your grain 
bills and 
It makes stock thrive. 



We have told you the kind of feed to 
feed to get it. 

With the carriage horse you want style, 
nerve and spirit. 

We have told you what to feed to de- 
velop tliose qualities. 

With the worlc horse you want 
strength, muscle, condition. 

And we have told you how to produce 
them. 

With the draft horse or chunk being 
prepared for market, you must have fat 
and condition to get the best price. 

We have told you what the best feeders 
I do to get these things. 

Now, it makes no difference what you 
are feeding to get in tlie horse, whether 
it be muscle, strength, endurance, condi- 
^ tion, fat or finish, you have got to get 
! them from the feed you feed. 

If you want muscle, spirit, endurance, 
feed oats and bran and shorts. 

If you want fat and finish, feed corn. 

The mission of Standard Stock Food is 
to help the animal get the thing you want 
it to get— to get more of tlie kind of nu- 
triment out of the feed that it contains. 

It does this and more. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Preparing for Spring W^ork 

The average horse, the work horse, the 
' carriage horse, the roadster, even with 
*^the best of care, comes through the win- 



A HANDSOME TRIBUTE. 

Williamsburg, Iowa, Feb. 28, 1904. 

My first experience with Standard Food was 
in feeding it to a horse. In Sept., 1901, I pur- 
chased a horse from the Iowa County poor farm 
on conditions that they were to feed the horse 
and fatten him. The purchase price was 
$125.00. They fed the horse for about six 
weeks and weighed him and found he had not 
improved any in weight, so they came to the 
conclusion that they would sell the horse to 
me as he was. So I bought the horse for 
$100,00. I took him to my feed barn and fed 
him on corn and oats for two and one-half 
months and then weighed him, and he weighed 
1,600 lbs, ; a gain of 100 lbs, in that time. I 
then bought a box of Standard Food and com- 
menced feeding as directed. After feeding 
thirty days, I weighed him and he had gained 
105 lbs, I fed him in that way until the first 
of April, 1902. The day I shipped him to Chi- 
cago he weighed 1,990 lbs. and brought the neat 
sum of $250.00, and nearly all the credit is due 
to Standard Food. 

Since then I have been using Standard Food 
and can cheerfully recommend it to any one 
fattening horses for market, 

E. W. Lloyd. 



STANDARD FOOD ALWAYS THE SAME. 

Schuyler, Neb., May 8, 1904. 

The 100 lbs. of Standard Food that I or- 
dered of you some time ago was promptly sent 
me as per your recent communication stated. 

I have been feeding this Food to my teams 
since I got it, and find no difference in its 
m.aKP-up or results than when I was selling it 
for you, notwithstanding the labored 'efforts of 
vendors of jtlicr foods. 

I think the Standard is good enough for me. 
L. Thompson, 



104 



The Standard Feeder— Part Four 



ter in a condition unfit for the hard work 
of the spring. 

He has been fed during the winter on 
a heating- ration, such as corn, to keep 
up the animal heat and overcome the 
effects of cold weather. 

His blood has become sluggish from the 
effete matter taken into it. 

He is losing his winter coat and ex- 
pending energy and vitality in growing a 
new one. 

He is soft and out of condition— just 
exactly like a man with the "sijring 
fever." 

Not having been worked hard, his mus- 
cular system is relaxed — he is not fit for 
heavy work. 

Not having been on full feed, his diges- 
tive system is relaxed— he is not in con- 
dition to assimilate the ration made nec- 
essary by hard work. 

He needs help and needs it badly. 

Standard Stock Food is absolutely es- 
sential to him at this trying time. 

It tempts the appetite and tones up the 
relaxed digestive system, so that the 
horse gets more good out of the feed 
you feed, without over-working his di- 
gestive organs. 

Getting more good out of the feed, puts 
him in better condition. He can be put to 
work. He can eat enough and digest 
enough and assimilate enough feed to 
harden his muscles and to put life and 
vim into him. 

Begin hard work as gradually as pos- 
sible. 

Increase the grain ration gradually and 
omit corn altogether. 

Watch the shoulders and backs for 
sores. Clean him thoroughly at night 
and keep Standard Gall Cure handy for 
use as soon as the slightest abrasion of 
the skin shows Itself. 

And, above all, don"t neglect to add 
Standard Stock Food to the regular ra- 
tion. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Horse Breeding 

THE MONEY IN IT.— More farmers 
ought to raise colts. There is money in 
it, if good horse sense is used in the 
process. 

It doesn't pay to breed a plug mare to 
a scrub sire, and it certainly does not pay 
to breed a good animal to a poor one. 

You don't want a plug mare on the 




place, anyway. Get rid of her, if you 
have her, and start with a good one. 

Then breed to a thorough-bred stallion. 

There are now plenty of good stallions 
in this country, and it's very poor econ- 
omy to use a poor one simply to save 
in the stud fee. 

Study the markets and breed the type 
that is likely to command the best price. 

Have a definite aim and stick to it. 

Breeding track horses is a special busi- 
ness. It requires capital, experience and, 
to a degree, a speculative spirit. 

The average man had better leave it 
alone, and spend his time and energies in 
producing the best type of draft horses 
or roadsters. 

The trolley car, the bicycle and the au- 
tomobile will not put them out of busi- 
ness during your life-time. 

COST OF RAISING A COLT.— It costs 
no more to raise a colt to the age of 
three years than to raise a steer to the 
same age. 

As a rule, the colt, if a good one— and 
you don't want to fool away your time 
on anything else — will bring just about 
double the money that a steer will. 

It is true that the colt requires a little 
more skill and care in management than 
the steer, but it is skill and care that pay. 

But don't expect to make a fortune 
from the haphazard breeding of common 
mares. 

The demands of the markets are a little 
higher each year. You must produce 
good colts or none. 

CARE OF THE STALLION.— In feed- 
ing the stallion, good, sound oats should 
form the basis of the ration. In the gen- 
eral care of him, good grooming and a 
fair amount of dail.v exercise are the 
principal necessities. They cannot be dis- 
pensed with. 

But do not confine the grain ration to 
oats. Vary it with rolled barley, and an 
occasional feed of corn. Wheat bran is 
a necessary adjunct to his feed. It is 
cheap and safe and is especially rich in 
the most important elements of nutrition. 

Avoid all fattening feeds. Give him a 
nitrogenous ration. 

Clean, bright clover hay, makes the 
best roughage, but this may be varied 
by such other roughage as can be ob- 
tained, if it is sound and free from 
mold and dust. 

It is of course, impossible to give spe- 
cific directions as to the amount of the 
ration. 

Some stallions will eat twice as much 
as others, therefore, the amount must al- 
ways be regulated by the best judgment 
of the feeder. 

If any feed is left in the manger, re- 
move it at once and reduce the amount 
at the next feed. 

A good rule to follow is to give him as 
much three times a day as he will eat 
with a relish. 

In the matter of exercise, a stallion 



Care and Feeding of Horses 



105 



should not be walked or jogged so fast 
or as long as to become wearied, but 
enough daily exercise should be given to 
keep the muscles in good condition and 
to keep up the general tone of the sys- 
tem. 

Sterility in stallions is caused more by 
the lack of exercise than anything else. 

The feeding of heating and fattening 
foods is probably the next greatest cause. 

The point to be constantly kept in 
mind in the feeding and care of the stal- 
lion is so to feed, groom and exercise 
as to keep his vitality and general con- 
dition up to the toi) notch, because what 
adds to his health, strength and vigor, 
will add to his sexual power and make 
him a surer foal-getter. 

It is a simple proposition, the sexual 
organs partake of the general condition 
of the system. 

Standard Stock Food added to the ra- 
tion of the stallion, makes the ration 
more palatable, gives tone and vitality 
to the system and increases the powers 
of digestion, so that the feed he eats is 
put to better use. 

His vitality is increased thereby, and 
he wdl be made surer and more satisfac- 
tory in service. 

Standard Stock Food contains nothing 
which could be injurious to the most 
delicate animal. It builds up in the most 
natural manner. 

It makes stock thrive. 

THE BROOD MARE.— Work the brood 
mare. She needs the exercise and she 
can just as well as not be paying her 
way as she goes along. 

But if you do not work her, be sure 
that she has abundant exercise. It 
means a stronger, healthier foal. Don't 
strain her, nor over-work her, but keep 
up her activity. 

She need not be given a different ration 
when in foal than she would otherwise 
have, but it should "be a little more 
abundant because of the extra drain 
upon her system. 

Keep up her appetite and keep her di- 
gestive organs toned up to their full ca- 
pacity by the regular use of Standard 
Stock Food. 

This is highly important. Horse breed- 
ers have found that it means a better 
colt and a better mare. 

See that the bowels are kept free and 
, open. An occasional mash or feed of 
cooked food will assist in this. 

If on pasture she may be able to do 
without a grain ration, but if the pas- 
ture is short, it is best to supplement it 
with oats and bran. 

Avoid heating foods. And don't give too 
much hay. 

Standard Stock Food performs a most 
important function in insuring a good 
flow of milk for the foal. Clover hay, 
carrots, wheat middlings and oats help 
Increase the milk. 



COMMON-SENSE SAVING. 

Merrill, la,, Oct. 6, 1904. 
Gentlemen: I have been selling Standard 
Food about four and a half years, and during 
this time I have witnessed many feedings of 
it for all kinds of farm animals, which have 
shown valuable results. My personal experi- 
ence of its use has been with horses, and I 
have proved to my own satisfaction that my 
horses are much hardier and better looking 
with a less ration of grain, either oats or 
corn, than I ever had them before I commenced 
to use it. I used to feed 8 quarts of oats three 
times a day to each horse when I was on the 
farm ; also the first year I was on the roads 
I fed a heavy ration. I conceived the idea 
that if they were getting the best nutriment 
out of the grain they were eating they could 
do with less, so I gradually cut down the ration 
to six quarts of oats, at the same time adding 
one cup of Standard Food in each ration. I 
was, for a time, rather doubtful as to results, 
but I found it all right. My horses had 
greater endurance, were more lively and looked 
better than ever before. We well know that 
reading is no easy place for a horse and that 
he really requires a greater grain ration than 
a horse on a farm, owing to the fact that he 
has less time to eat hay and also that his 
movement produces a greater action on the 
stomach and bowels, which certainly requires 
a more solid ration than hay. My horses weigh 
about 1,200 lbs. each and are considered heavy 
for the roads, yet they make long trips, show- 
ing but little tiring. I contend that the Food 
not only gets more nutriment out of the grain 
ration, but sustains and hardens the entire 
system. Many of our farmers use 8 quarts of 
oats to a feed, three times a day to each horse, 
during the working season. I am satisfied if I 
ever go on the farm again, I would reduce the 
ration to five quarts of oats and one cup of 
Standard Stock Food. Just think for one min- 
ute; saving two quarts of oats each feed is 
six quarts per day saved; at 20 cents per bushel 
this is about four and a half cents; the cost 
of Standard Food is two cents. Take this 
from the saving in oats and I have 2i/2 cents 
saved each day. This looks small, but if I 
am feeding six or eight horses, as many farm- 
ers do, it means a saving of from 15 to 20 
cents each day, or from $50.00 to $70.00 a 
year, to say nothing about healthier, hardier 
and better looking horses. I find that it is 
better to use a little good judgment than it is 
to use too much good grain in the ration for 
horses. Just try it about three months. 
Yours truly, 

Jas. Fritchard. 

EXCELLENT RESULTS. 

Elyria. Nebr., August 4, 1904. 
I have used Standard Stock Food for three 
years for horses and can say that I have had 
excellent results. Yours truly, 

C. -W. Post. 




He's Standard-Fed 



106 



The Standard Feeder — Part Four 



The brood mare should rest for eight or 
nine days after the colt comes. 

She may be bred again on the ninth 
day after foahng. 

CARE OF THE FOAL.— During the 
suckling period the condition of the foal 
depends largely upon the treatment given 
the mare. 

It is important that the foal suckles as 
soon as possible after birth. The first 
milk of the dam acts as a purgative and 
prepares the colt's digestive tract for 
the digestion of the milk. 

If the dam has not been fed Standard 
Stock Food during pregnancy and the 
flow of milk is light, she must be given 
much the same ration that is fed dairy 
cows, with the regular addition of Stan- 
dard Stock Food. 

If her milk is too abundant or too rich, 
the colt is apt to scour. Lessen her 
feed, and do not allow the colt to take 
all the milk. 

It is better to give the colt frequent 
access to the dam— at least three or four 
times a day. 

Don't allow it to suckle when the mare 
is heated. 

If for any reason the mare cannot 
suckle the colt, cow's milk may be used; 
it should be reduced one-quarter by wa- 
ter, and fed at blood heat, with a little 
sugar added for taste and Standard Stock 
Food to aid digestion. 

Weaning time is the critical jieriod in 
the colt's life. 

This should be done when the colt is 
about five months old, and it should be 
prepared for this change by teaching it 
to eat oats, bran, cracked corn, etc., 
from the feed box from which the dam 
eats, beginning at two months old. 

If the weanling is thrown on its own re- 
sources and left to hustle its living on 
"full pasture" and around straw stacks, 
it is pretty sure to develop into a 
scrawny colt and that means later a ma- 
tured horse not worth raising. But if 
good, nutritious food, oats, hay and 
grovmd feed are furnished with frequent 
allowances of roots and a small daily ra- 
tion of Standard Stock Food, there will be 
no question about your developing the 
best kind of an animal that the breeding 
will warrant, for it will at once begin to 
take on flesh and grow In size, strength 
and beauty. 

Always remember, that the best time to 
start a colt off in the way it should go, 
both in feeding and training, is when it 
is very young. 

Liberal feeding of the colt means that 
plenty of exercise must go with it. The 
two must go together. 

A good colt may be ruined by high liv- 
ing and close confinement. 

Roughage such as hay, straw and corn 

Roughage, such as hay, straw and corn 
liberally but the allowance should always 
be less than the colt would eat if left to 
its own inclinations. 



A fair grain allowance for a colt in its 
first year, measured in oats, is two to 
three pounds daily; from one to two 
years, four to five pounds, and from two 
to three years old, seven to eight pounds. 

He should grow every day of his life, 
developing bone and muscle and mettle. 

If once stunted, he never fully recovers. 

Keep him in a healthy condition; keep 
him thrifty, keep his entire system toned 
up, his appetite good, his digestion per- 
fect, his circulation active, by feeding 
regularly Standard Stock Food. 

It pays for itself many times over. 

It enables him and every animal on the 
farm to get more good from the feed you 
feed. 

It makes stock thrive. 

For the Livery Barn 

For a horse that is well treated, no 
horse in the world has a harder time of it 
than the livery horse. 

And this in spite of the extra care that 
good liverymen give their animals. 

They live under hard conditions. 

They may stand practically idle for 
several days and then have a week of 
the severest kind of work. 

They fall into the hands of all sorts of 
people— ignorant, cruel and injudicious. 

When out at hire, they often are fpd 
and watered with the greatest irregular- 
ity and with utter lack of judgment. 

They are denied the run of pasture, but 
live on a dry ration the year round. 

They live an unnatural life and they 
die an early death— worn out by unnat- 
ural treatment. 

No other horses so greatly need the 
help that Standard Stock Food gives 
them. 

It aids their digestive system. It stim- 
ulates the failing appetite. It gives the 
edge and vim they are so apt to lose. It 
keeps them in condition that prolongs 
their usefulness to their owner and adds 
to his profits. 

It makes the feed you feed worth 
more. It makes it go farther. It saves 
grain, because it helps the animal get 
more good out of a smaller ration. 

There's no doubt about it. The best 
horsemen in America have proved it. 

Four quarts of oats with Standard 
Stock Food will do the work of five 
quarts of oats without the Food. 

It makes stock thrive. 

The Mule 

Nothing seems to affect the mule much, 
except good care and good feed. 

He stands grief like a soldier, and he 
differs from him in that he seems to 
never die. 

You seldom hear of a dead mule. 

"It's a poor mule that won't work both 
ways." 

You might say. What is the mule best 
adapted to? 



Care and Feedincf of Horses 



107 



And the answer might well be. What is 
he not adapted to? 

He is harnessed for all kinds of work 
from cultivating the soil and hauling 
crops on the farm to doing the drudgery 
of city labor. 

A good pair of mules can pull a wagon 
six miles an hour for twenty hours witli- 
out a break, and at the end of the jour- 
ney roll over a few times, take a feed of 
oats, and travel back again. 

A good mule raiser says: 

"I have never seen a mule that I could 
not train to be good and gentle by hand- 
ling him firmly but easily and quietly." 

Good mules are the result of probably 
even greater care in the selection of the 
sire and dam than is necessary in pro- 
ducing a good horse. 

Good points are inherited from both 
sides, but more depends upon the sire 
than upon the dam. 

Mules respond readily to good feeding 
and care. 

While they usually eat what is given 
them, they relish a good ration and will 
show the effects of good feed as readily 
as the horse. 

They have a hardy digestion, but its 
capacity should not be over-estimated 
Like all other live-stock the mule on 
artificial food needs help to get the most 
out of the feed you feed him. 



Standard Stock Food gives him this 
help. 

It makes his rough fare more palatable. 

It helps him digest it more easily and 
more thoroughly. 

It keeps him in good condition under 
hard conditions. 

It gives him vigor in the harness and 
makes him worth more to you. 

It makes mules thrive. 

Intestinal W^orms 

Worms invest the intestines of horses 
only when the horses are in poor condi- 
tion. 

They are a serious drain upon the ani- 
mal's vitality and must be eradicated or 
the horse will be ruined. 

For symptoms and general treatment, 
see page 155. 

The best remedy in the world for 
worms in horses is Standard Worm Pow- 
der for Horses. 

It expels the worms without straining 
or deranging the digestive system, as do 
the strong purgatives often used. 

Its use should be followed by Standard 
Stock Food to tone up the horse's sys- 
tem and put him in condition to resist 
further attacks of worms. See what Dr. 
Michener, of the United States Bureau 
of Animal Industry, says about this on 
page 155. 

Keep a sharp lookout for worms. 




BLUE RIBBON 
HORSES 

Fed Standard Stock Food, "Won More Ribbons 
than Any other String in America 

Kansas City, Mo,, December 6, 1902. 

Please ship four 25-pound boxes of Standard 
Food to me at Kansas City, advising me datf 
of shipment and over what road shipped. I 
l:ave been feeding Standard Food to my entire 
string of shov? horses the past year, and, in 
some instances, have had to send direct to you 
to get same when I could find no agencies in 
towns where I had run out. I have been una- 
ble to find anyone here who handles same. 

My string of show horses this year have won 
more ribbons, blues, 1st, 2nd and 3rd premiums, 
than any string of show horses in America. I 
shipped 21 of these horses over 19,000 miles the 
past summer, winning 168 blue ribbons, 93 reds, 
and 31 yellows. You perhaps saw the excellent 
condition they were in at the Kansas City 
Horse Show. I did not have a sick horse on 
the entire trip, and all of them were always 
ready for their feed, and I attribute this large- 
ly to the fact that they get Standard Food as 
regularly as they receive their oats. 

I enclose draft for the last shipment made 
to me at Glenwood Springs, Colorado. 

G. E. Palmer. 



\«dilMMtt 



108 



The Standard Feeder — Part Four 



If you keep your horses in condition 
by feeding Standard Stock Food, you 
will not be bothered by them. 

For Standard Stock Food makes stock 
thrive. 

A Standard Fed Livery Team 

We hired a livery team at Blair, Ne- 
braska, to drive us out into the country, 
it was a surprisingly fine team to come 
out of a livery stable. We had been 
driving livery teams for weeks in three 
states and had not had a team turned 
out to us that came anywhere near be- 
ing as good as this one, and we remarked 
on its appearance to the young man who 
was driving us out. 

"We keep all our horses in good condi- 
tion," he said. "We"ve got the best 
horses in this country and we keep 'em 
looking right. "We feed 'em Standard 
Stock Food, made down here in Omaha." 

After we got back to town we called 
on the owner of the stable, Mr. Harri- 
son, and he said he found Standard Stock 
Food the thing to keep horses in good 
condition, even when they were kept 
hard at work. Tlie illustration shows 
what a fine team it was better than we 
can describe them in words, and a drive 
behind a pair of such high-headed beau- 
ties adds to the pleasure of seeing such 
a fine country. 

An Enthusiastic Feeder 

Through being misdirected and sent to 
the wrong farm, we iiappened to stop at 
the home of W. E. Weidlein, about lo 
miles from Geneseo, 111., and before we 
got set on the right road by Mr. "Weid- 
lein, we were glad we had been sent 
down the wrong one, for in him we found 
an enthusiastic friend of Standard Stock 
Food. 

Mr. Weidlein farms about 700 acres and 
his home, as will be seen by the illustra- 
tions of it, is a most beautiful one. Mr. 
Weidlein we found to be a very intelli- 
gent and progressive man. He is up-to- 
date in every way and his farm shows 
modern and successfvil methods are be- 
ing practiced on it. Standard Stock Food 
was introduced to him only last spring, 
but he has used it enough to know it is 
good, and expressed' his intention of feed- 



A Standard Fed Livery Team 




ing it extensively to his cattle this sea- 
son. 

"I work ten horses at my farm work," 
said Mr. Weidlein, "and last spring I 
plowed 150 acres, 75 of this being sod. 
These horses have been kept hard at it 
all summer, and you know that wears 
teams out usually. I began feeding my 
teams Standard Stock Food last spring, 
and have kept it up, and I never had my 
horses go througli the summer as well 
as they have this summer. They have 
kept in good condition and have had good 
appetites, and they look as well now as 
they did when I started them in the 
spring work. 

"I have been watching the stuff my 
brother-in-law, Lewis Schroeder, has been 
giving the food to, and I am going to 

Residence of W. E. Weidlein 




feiSS 



feed it to all my cattle the coming sea- 
son. 1 am convinced it is all right." 

Here is an educated, enterprising, 
thinking farmer who has not allowed 
himself to be talked into the use of Stan- 
dard Stock Food by the mere use of 
words. He has tried it carefully, putting 
it to a hard test himself, and has judi- 
ciously and impartially observed its ef- 
fect on the stock of his neighbors. He 
has proved to his own satisfaction that 
it is a profitable addition to regular feed 
stuffs and, taking the part of wisdom, 
has begun the use of it. 



FROM HORSES TO POULTRY. 

Arcadia, Nebr., Feb. 9th, 1904. 
I have used Standard Food for three years, 
having bought seven orders. I have used it for 
work horses, colts, hogs, calves and poultry. 
I am well satisfied with results and know if it 
is used right it will give good results, I have 
bought more Food today and want to keep it 
on hand, M. Blakeslee. 

GOOD RESULTS FROM BOTH. 

Milton la,, July 30, 1904. 
This is to certify that I have used Standard 
Stock Food for two years and have found it 
very satisfactory. Can recommend it with pleas- 
ure. Your agent, W. E. Atkins, called on me 
the other day. You have a good man to repre- 
sent you in this county. You can look for 
good results from his work. M, S. Bonar. 



Care and Feeding of Horses 



109 



Wants No Cheap Foods 

Mr. Henry Meinen, Mammon, Iowa, 
was found just finishing a huge rick 
of hay. He has as fine a farm as can 
be found in Plymouth County, and his 
farm buildings cannot be beaten by any 
farm in Ifewa, owned by a practical 
farmer. His buildings are so protected 
by trees and his barn was so hidden by 
the hay rick in front of it that it was 
hard to get a picture, at the time in the 
day we were there, but we succeeded in 
getting a photo of his splendid home, 
which is a type of the other buildings 
on the farm. The photo does not show 
the beautiful flowers in the door yard, 
nor give a very good idea of the pleas- 
ant location the house stands in, but 
it shows what kind of a house a Stand- 
ard Stock Food farmer can afford to 
build. 

"I like Standard Stock Food all right," 
said Mr. Meinen. "It does me good 
every time I feed it. Another fellow 
was around here trying to sell me a 
cheap stock food, but I told him Stand- 
ard was good, and I knew it for I had 
tried it. I guess he didn't sell very 
much around here, for everybody knows 
Standard Food is the best." 

Mr. Meinen's farm is not only a proof 
that he is a good farmer, but proves 
that Plymouth County, Iowa, is a good 
county for the enterprising man to own 
a farm in. 

Residence of Henry Meinen 




SUITED TO ALL FARM ANIMALS. 

Story City, la., Jan. 16, 1904. 
Your agent, Mr. B. R. Dawson, called on me 
in regard to Standard Food. I will say that I 
think it the best food on the market for all 
farm animals. I would not he without it for 
anything. Yours truly, 

Henry StoU. 

"KEEP STEADILY AT IT." 

Blair, Neb., March 7, 1904. 
If a man will follow your directions it will 
pay him to feed Standard Food. I was a long 
time making up my mind about using it. I 
thought Oil Meal would do as well, but know 
better now. Oil Meal is not in it. After I 
was once persuaded to try it, I could not get 
along without it. Many make a mistake by 
using it a little while and then quitting. 
Keep steadily at it and I know it will pay. 
Louis Hansen, 



WILL CONTINUE TO FEED IT. 

Barnes, Kans., Aug. 26, 1903. 
I have used other stock foods and have de- 
cided in my own mind, together with results 
received from them, that the Standavd Stock 
Food is by far the best. It is stronger and 
better than any I have ever used. I will con- 
tinue to be a buyer of your Food. 

J. S. Hill. 
FROM BENTON COUNTY, IND. 

Ambia, Ind., May 4, 1903. 
I am well pleased with Standard Stock Food. 
Have used other stock foods and never found 
any equal to Standard. Have used it at inter- 
vals, when feeding, for eight years. 

Frank Navill. 

FROM MISSOURI. 
Stanberry, Mo., Nov. 9th, 1903. 
I will state my experience with Standard 
Food. I am pleased to say that I have used 
Standard Food for two seasons and find it all 
you claim for it. I can heartily recommend it 
to stock raisers and feeders. I believe it is the 
best stock food made. S. H. Dresbach. 

CAN'T GET ALONG WITHOUT IT. 

Rock Valley, la., Apr. 17, 1903. 
Please send me fifty pounds of your Standard 
Stock Food, as no agent comes around and we 
can't get along without it. We have bought 

Stock Food and have some of it yet, 

but don't like it. 

Send order to the State Bank. 

C. Van Der Poel. 

STANDARD IS JUST THE THING. 

Princeton, Mo., Jan. 6, 1904. 

I began using Standard Food in my livery 
barn about five years ago and have nearly al- 
ways had some on hand since. I find it just 
the thing for my horses. It makes them look 
better and their hair has a healthy appearance. 
I find it keeps up their appetite and they are 
always glad to get your Food. 

I have just bought another supply today and 
do not intend to be without it again as long as 
I am in the livery business. E. E. Boxley. 

WORTH ONE DOLLAR PER POUND. 

St, Mary's Kan., Feb. 21, 1903. 

I bought 100 lbs. of Standard Food from your 
a_ent, G. A. Dunham, to feed to ten head of 
n.ules. Fel about 75 lbs. and am satisfied 
t!-e mules sold for $100 more than they would 
Lave sold for without the Food. 

I will never feed mules for market without 
ucing Standard Food. J. J. Englehart. 

Mr. Englehart is a reliable, progres- 
sive farmer, who makes a success of 
feeding mule.s for market, and we feel 
sure that all who saw these mules will 
.ippreciate this statement from him. 

110 DAYS OLD— WEIGHT 192 POUNDS. 
Decorah, la., Sept. 9, 1898. 

Mr. Perry, agent for Standard Stock Food, 
offered special premiums, payable in Stock Food 
for the best litter of pigs, also for the best 
skim milk calves fed a ration of Standard Food 
with their other feed. 

Two litters of pigs were shown, one three 
months and twenty days old, the other just a 
month older. The younger litter weighed, on 
an average, 110 pounds, the older, 192 pounds. 
The eight younger pigs scored, as a whole, 90 
3-5. the five of the older litter, 91 2-5; the five 
best of the eight scored 91 4-5. I therefore 
awarded each lot first premium. The best sow 
pig in the litter of five was awarded first 
premium over all competitors in her class. 

As the feeders of the Stock Food pigs were 
new men at fitting stock for exhibition pur- 
poses, I think the result a great recommenda- 
tion for Standard Food. 

Mr. Logsdon showed two May calves that 
were fine, weighing about 450 pounds each. 

H. L. Coffeen, Secretary, 



no 



The Standard Feeder — Part Four 



FITS HIM FOR MARKET. 

Henry, 111,, Feb. 27, 1904. 

I wish to give you the result of a test that 
I made in feeding Standard Food to a horse 
that I was fitting for market. This animal 
made such a splendid gain and the finish was 
so nice that my neighbors were anxious to 
know how it was done, and I told them the 
secret. 

This horse was fed without Standard Food 
through December, the first of the feed, and 
made a gain of 70 lbs. ; fed in the same man- 
ner in January, with Standard Food added, and 
made a gain of 140 lbs. ; fed in the same way 
up to the 13th of February and made a gain 
of 60 lbs. He was eating just as greedy as 
ever when sold. 

I think this a very good showing and a good 
gain, T. L. Wilson. 

JUST AS HE SAID. 

LaPorte City. Iowa, July 26, 1904, 
Standard Food is all you claim for it. My 
horses were not doing well and I thought I 
would try a little on them, as your representa- 
tive had told me that it was a horse builder. 
Well, it is just as he said. My horses began 
to improve and I never had horses do better 
with the small amount of grain that I had to 
feed them. I also fed it to some calves that 
were not doing well and it soon made its show- 
ing on them. Standard Food is the food for 
me. I will never be without it as long as I 
keep a horse, F, R. Bender. 

MORE THAN HE EXPECTED, 

Pella, la., Oct. 22, 1903, 
I have fed your Stand,<ird Stock Food to 
wormy, scrubby colts, hogs and calves. It did 
not do what I expected, but did much more. 
We have also fed two sacks of your Poultry 
Food to our chickens, they were in bad condi- 
tion when we began feeding it, but it soon 
straightened them up. My wife thinks that it 
is the best thing for little chickens that she 
ever got hold of. 

Before feeding any of the Standard Food I 
had fed three other foods and had almost come 
to the conclusion that there was nothing in 
stock foods, but your agent persuaded me to 
try some Standard and now I would not care to 
be without it, and I do not think that it is any 
100 highly recommended. 

Jacob Van De Pol, 

ADVANTAGE MADE PLAIN. 

Ord, Nebr,, June 15th, 1904. 

I have used Standard Stock Food two years 
and am well pleased with results. I have fed 
it to fattening cattle, horses and hogs, I can 
especially recommend it for horses when they 
have distemper. It is the best thing that I 
have ever used for that purpose. 

I fed it to fattening cattle last winter, mak- 
ing a gain of .3iiii llis. in 1.5o ihiys. No scour- 
ing or cattle off feed. My neighbor fed 40 head 
of cattle, not using Standard Food, and he lost 
two head and foundered three others, only 
making a gain of one pound per day on each 
steer. This same m.an laughed at me for feed- 
ing Standard Food. E. Ilurlbiirt. 

STANDARD BRINGS SUCCESS. 

Albion, Neb,, Dec. 30. 1903. 
I have fed Standard Food to hogs, horses, 
and cattle for the last seven years and can 
truthfully say that it is the best appetizer 
and health, growth and flesh producer I ever 
used. I am feeding it at present to 100 head 
of hogs and forty head of cattle. For brood 
sows, feed for two months before they farrow 
and the pigs will come healthy, robust and 
strong. I would advise any man who feeds 
grain to try it and be convinced. Am also well 
pleased with the treatment I received from the 
F. E. Sanborn Company and Mr. McDonald, 
their representative here. W. B. Johnson. 



A SPLENDID SHOWING. 

Le Mars, Iowa, March 28, 1903, 
I have used Standard Food with my grain ra- 
tion for 2y2 years, in which time, I have 
bought 2,600 pounds. I must say the results 
have been gratifying when fed to brood sows, 
pigs, fattening nogs and beef cattle. 

In the year 1901. I marketed 64 barrows at 
the age of 11 months that averagSa 269 pounds. 
Since I began using your Food I have made a 
better growth with my young brood sows than 
ever before. My success with the Food with 
tening cattle as well as hogs is a continual sat- 
isfaction. 

In September last, I put up a bunch of steers 
and heifers that averaged about 900 lbs., get- 
ting them on full feed in about two months. On 
the 6th of February they were driven to Mer- 
rill, a distance of 10 miles, where they 
weighed 1,350 pounds each. They were on full 
feed for three months. With this bunch was 
one bull, coming 4 years old, that I couldn't 
keep in the yard. I tied him in the barn on the 
27th of November, at which time he weighed 
1.150 pounds. He was driven with the others 
to Merrill and weighed 1.560 pounds, making a 
gain of 400 pounds in 72 days. I consider this, 
on the whole, a splendid showing, 

August Renther. 

MORE OUT OF WHAT THEY EAT. 
Monroe. la., March 30, 1903. 
This is to certify that I have fed Standard 
Food for three years and consider it by far the 
best thing I ever fed for hogs and horses. I 
am satisfied I can increase the weight of my 
hogs 60 pounds each during the growing and 
fattening period, by using Standard Food- I 
have fed the Food to my cows before calving 
ar.d I know I made no mistake in doing so. 
I also feed it to my brood sows up to the time 
they farrow, and have no trouble at farrow- 
ing time. They produce strong, healthy pigs, — 
pigs that you can be proud of, I have not lost 
a hog, neither do I have any stunted ones. 
They are thrifty and always ready for their 
feed. They get more out of what they eat, no 
matter what you feed them. 

0. L. Scarbraugh, 

IT PAYS. 
Geneva, Neb., July 28, 1903. 

In February, 1903, I took 50 lbs. of Standard 
Food on trial, as I was then feeding another 
food. At that time I had some hogs that were 
not doing well. They had a cough, and I could 
not fatten them. I gave your Food to them 
and in about ten days I could see a big change 
in them. The cough left them and I never had 
hogs do better than from that time on. 

I also gave your Food to my horses with good 
results. My wife fed it to some poultry that 
were not thrifty and they came out 0. K. I 
have bought 100 lbs. more and I shall feed it 
all summer. I think it pays to do so. 

W. H. Putnam. 

TRIED IT— BUYS MORE, 

Bloomfield. la., April 8, 1899. 

Your agent stated to me that by feeding 
Standard Food to my stock with their regular 
grain ration during the fattening period, my 
stock would make extra gains, quicker growth, 
shorten the fattening period and that I would 
get more pounds of gain for every bushel of 
grain fed. I bought 100 pounds to give it a 
trial. I fed it according to directions. Bought 
another 100 pounds Nov. 7, 1898, and fed it 
up. Feb. 7, 1899, gave my order for 100 
pounds more. Am still feeding it because I 
am sure it pays me a profit. 

I fed thirty-five hogs in about six weeks less 
time than I did before. 

I i ad eight June and August calves which I 
fed about four months. Fed them a ration of 
Standard Food every day in connection with 
their grain ration. When I sold them in Feb- 
ruary, '99, they averaged 540 pounds. 

J. L. Guernsey. 



j^/r^^^V-Tr— -— 




fitMfji^-'iiiA'^f^^i^^"!-^ 










fe^^M 





PART FIVE 



THE DAIRY COW 

THE DAIRY COW is the most econoniica. producer of food 
for mankind. 

Neither the steer nor the hog will yield so large an amount of 
life-sustaining food at so low a cost. 

She is a hard worked animal and needs and deserves all the 
help that her master can give her. 

m the following pages are given a few general directions f.-r 
her care, feeding and management, based largely ^P^'L!^^ P^^ 
tical experience of dairy farmers and others who use STANDARD 
STOCK FOOD in connection with the regular ration of the m.lch 

cow. n J • 

• Next to good care and good feeding, nothing will do the dairy 
cow so much good, and so increase her productiveness as Standard 

Stock Food. ^ , , r J- 

The most economical feeding-the most profitable feeding is 

impossible without it. 

Read the following pages and we need not tell you why. 

You'll see for yourself. 

It is self evident. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Ill 



112 



The Standard Feeder — Part Five 



THE DAIRY CONV 



Dairying is the highest form of agri- 
culture. The dairy farmer grows crops 
to feed liis cows and makes his money 
from the products of the herd. He be- 
comes a manufacturer of finished goods 
from raw products and sells his manu- 
factured goods to the consumer, taking 
to himself all the profits the manufac- 
turer usually gets. 

Dairy farming adds to instead of sub- 
tracting from the fertility of the farm, 
and the dairyman leaves to posterity the 
land, over which he has held steward- 
ship, in better condition than he found it. 

The cow is the poor man's friend, the 
farmer's assistant and the provider of 
luxuries for the rich. 

Milk is the universal food which is rel- 
ished by all the people of the earth; but- 
ter is a necessity in every civilized 
country under the sun and cheese the 
most nutritious and easily digested food 
known to man, relished by every one 
and within reach of both rich and poor. 

The cow furnishes u.s two of the great 
luxuries of lift — milk as sweet as nectar, 
and butter perfumed with the flavors of 
clover blossoms and the sweet grasses 
of the field, as yellow as the sunshine of 
a summer day. 

It is not to be wondered at that dairy- 
ing has been looked upon as an honor- 
able calling from the earliest times and 
that as civilization spreads, the products 
of the dairy have risen in price and in- 
creased in use until now it has grown to 
be an immense and profitable branch of 
agriculture. 

Dairy Profits 

On every side, in every dairy section of 
the country may be seen fine farms, com- 
fortable homes, good out-buildings— all 
giving evidence of material prosperity. 

And yet dairying is just in its infancy. 
As the world becomes more civilized, 
butter and cheese will come into greater 
demand and prices will never .sink be- 
low the profit point. 

Mr. F. P. Land, a progressive and in- 
telligent farmer, living near Mendo, Iowa, 
said to the writer not long ago: "The 
dairy recently established in our town 
is dumping about .$30,000 a year into this 
neighborhood and it is just like finding 
money. Farmers raise just as big crops, 
just as many hogs and cattle and do just 
as much of the kinds of work they used 
to do, and the money from the creamery 
is added profit." 

This is the common experience. Dairy- 
ing adds to the profits of the farm with- 
out making much difference to the other 
branches of farming carried on. 



Where dairying becomes the principal 
business of a neighborhood more cows 
are kept, but other stock do not disap- 
pear, for iDrogressive dairymen under- 
stand the value of calves and appreciate 
the fact that money may be made rais- 
ing them, and pigs are kept to turn the 
skimmilk into good money. 

Mixed farming is recognized as the best 
farming and where dairying is included 
in the branches carried on. will be found 
the most prosperous of all farmers. It 
fits in and rounds out perfect farming. 
It fills a place that cannot be filled by 
any other industry with the same de- 
gree of financial success. 

Cows For the Dairy 

MILK TYPE.— Much has been said, 
and much is being said, about the milk 
type in cows, but it takes a smarter 
man than has yet come to the front to 
select the best and the poorest cows from 
the herd, using only outside conforma- 
tion in making his selections. 

It has been demonstrated time and 
again that about the best that the most 
expert cow judge can do is to select 
from a herd cows that are among the 
best or among the worst, as the case 
may be, and then the scales and the 
Babcock tester often put the expert to 
shame. 

While we cannot tell every time which 
is the very best cow in the herd, by 
merely looking her over, there are cer- 
tain outside indications that point in 
a great majority of cases to the good 
cow. 

DAIRY BREEDS.— The dairy breeds 
most commonly found in this country 
are as follows: Jersey, Guernsey, Hol- 
stein-Friesian, Ayrshire, Devon, Alder- 
ney. Brown Swiss, Shorthorn. 

Alderneys, Brown Swiss and Devons 
are comparatively rare, not enough of 
them being kept to make them an im- 
portant factor in the dairy business of 
this country. 

Not very many herds of pure-bred 
cows are kept for dairy purposes in this 
country, as compared with the total num- 
ber. It is probable there are more Short- 
horn grades than grades of any other 
breed, followed by Holsteim-Friesians, 
Jerseys following in turn. 

All over the West, Shorthorn blood and 
that of Holstein-Friesians is noticeable 
in the dairy herds. 

Jerseys, Alderneys and Guernseys are 
recognized as distinctively butter cows. 
Holstein-Friesians and Brown Swiss are 
recognized as good cows to keep where 
whole milk is sold, as in supplying cities; 
these breeds usually give a large quan- 



The Dairy Co\v 



113 



tity of milk with about the standard 
quantity of solids and butterfat in them. 

Shorthorns are recognized as "dual- 
purpose," or all 'round cows. As the old 
Kentucky saying has it: "Shorthorns are 
good for beef, butter, milk and to show 
at the fairs." 

\yhile there can be no doubt that pure 
bred cows are better than grades, yet 
we must take things as we find them, 
and frankly meet the fact that about 
ninety-nine out of every one hundred 
dairy cows in the United States are 
grades and cross-breeds, no attention 
having been paid to breeding, eKcept to 
keep the heifer calves from the best 
cows to replenish the herd and even this 
is not by any means the universal rule. 

Average Yield of Cows 

Taking all the cows in the country to- 
gether, the average yield is about 123 
pounds of butter for each cow. This in- 
cludes all kinds of cows, kept under all 
sorts of conditions. 

It is probable that the average yield 
for each cow in the regular dairies of 
the country is not far from 130 pounds 
of butter in a year. 

It is agreed that the cow that pro- 
duces 200 pounds of butter in a year 



practical dairies. If any one desires to 
invest in pure-bred cows, he is likely to 
make a profit on an average lot al- 
though the writer has owned Jerseys 
that were not as good as an old "penn> - 
royal" cow of the purely native type. 
Pedigree does not make a good cow. 
nor lack of it a poor one, but the chances 
of getting a good cow are much better 
when we buy one that is pure bred and 
pedigreed, than it is when we buy one 
without any particular breeding. 

Notwithstanding this the very best dairy 
herd in the West— Clover Farm Herd— is 
made up of cows of all kinds, which have 
been selected by testing them with the 
scales and Babcock tester, the onl\- in- 
fallible test. 

It is a fact if the poorest half of the 
cows in this country were sent to the 
butcher the other half would make more 
clear money for their owners than the 
whole lot now make. 

T\'e know of a case where a man had 
two cows that he tested. Taken together, 
the cows did not yield enough butter to 
pay for the feed they consumed. The 
poorest one was sold and the other then 
made a profit of $13,6.5 in a year. 

There is another side to this story. 
It is a brighter side and on this side wo 
find a more helpful view. 




Some Good Stock in Mr. Fred Chard's Barn Yard; it Gets Standard Stock Food 



just about pays for her feed and the 
expenses incident to housing and other- 
wise caring for her and getting the but- 
ter to market. 

If a cow yields 250 pounds of butter in 
a year she has the value of 50 pounds 
to her credit. If she yields 300 pounds 
a year the profit from her is doubled and 
she is worth twice as much as the 250 
pound cow. Increase the yield to 350 
pounds and she increases still more in 
value and is worth three times as much 
as the 250 pound cow. Remember we are 
now talking about the kind of cows that 
are to be found In this country in the 



GOOD FOR MILCH COWS. 

July 29th, 1904. 

Gentlemen: I began using your stock food 
four years ago and have fed it continually 
ever since with the very best results. I have 
not lost a hog since using yoiu: food; have 
sold six months old pigs that averaged 248 
lbs., the results of feeding your Standard 
Stock Food. 

I have experimented with my milch cows 
and it pays me to feed it to them, getting 
more milk and richer quality and enough more 
butter to more than pay for your food. Am 
using it now, in July, while they are on 
grass with good results, Have just ordered 
500 lbs. more so I will not be without it this 
fall, 

Fred Chard, Sr. 



114 



The Standard Feeder — Part Five 



Feeding Cows 

Mr. Gurler, who is eminent authority 
on the selecting, care and breeding of 
dairy cows, says he has no doubt tliat 
a large majority of the unprofitable 
cows of this country could be made 
profitable by proper feeding. It follows 
that proper feeding would also make the 
good cows better. 

Mr. Gurler's belief has been confirmed 
by every dairyman who ever fed Stand- 
ard Stock Food to his cows. 

The increase in the yield of milk and 
butter from the use of Standard Stock 
Food is very marked, from the begin- 
ning of its use. 

It makes stock thrive. 

How Standard Food Helps 

Proper attention to feed in kind and 
quantity is essential to success with any 
kind of livestock. It has been found by 
careful experiments that a cow weigh- 



If a thousand-pound cow gives 30 
pounds of 4 per cent, milk, she will re- 
quire daily in addition to the "food of 
maintenance" 1.4 pounds of protein, 6.48 
pounds of carbohydrates and .48 pound 
of fat, making the total nutrients 
required for one day 2.1 pounds of pro- 
tein, 13.48 pounds of carbohydrates and 
.58 pound of fat. 

A cow of the same weight, giving 40 
pounds of milk in a day requires 2.57 
pounds of protein, 15.64 pounds of car- 
bohydrates and .74 pound of fat. If her 
yield were 50 pounds of 4 per cent, milk 
she would require 3.03 pounds of protein, 
17.80 pounds of carbohydrates and .9 
pound of fat. 

It is easy to see that a good cow may 
be so fed that she cannot possibly manu- 
facture milk in paying quantities from 
the materials supplied. Or she may be 
supplied the proper feed in sufficient 
quantities without having digestive pow- 




Dairy Cows and Calves Fed Standard Stock Food by M. 0. Vanbroklin 



ing 1,000 pounds requires a certain quan- 
tity of feed merely to keep her alive and 
in good condition. This is true of all live- 
stock, and the quantity of feed thus re- 
quired is called the "food of mainten- 
ance." 

In addition to this feed the cow must 
be supplied with enough to supply the 
materials for the milk she gives, or the 
milk flow will fall off. 

For each 1,000 pounds of weight a cow 
requires as "food of maintenance" .7 
pounds of protein, 7 pounds of carbohy- 
drates and .1 pound of fat. 



FOR THE DAIEY FARMER. 
LaPorte City, la,, August 12, 1904. 
Dear Sirs: Your agent for this locality 
has today had the pleasure of coming here and 
had a photograph taken of a fine hunch of 
dairy cows, which have heen fed your Stan- 
dard Food. I will tell you what I think of it^ 
as a conditioner, that if a man will feed it 
regular, he will receive .good results, it will 
make money for him, that he can't get in 
any other way, and will keep his cows aiways 
ready for their feed. I have been in the dairy 
business a number of years and never had cows 
and calves and my hogs do better than since I 
have used Standard Food. 

Yours for business, 

M. 0. Yanbroklin. 



I 



The Dairy Cow 



ers enough to assimilate enougli of the 
nutritive element in her feed to make a 
profitable milk yield. 

Standard Stock Food is compounded 
with exactlj- this thing- in view. It is a 
preparation of the best roots, seeds and 
spices to increase the digestive capacity 
by increasing the flow of sali\-a and the 
digestive juices to the extent that the 
animal gets the greatest possible good 
from the feed consumed. 

Many cows are condemned because they 
are dainty about what they eat. Very 
frequently a good cow is so constituted 
in this respect she often refuses to eat 
more than will just keep her going. Her 
feed does not suit her because she is so 
finely constituted that she cannot eat 
the feed given her. 

Standard Stock Food makes all kinds 
of feed palatable, and palatability is 
recognized as an important factor in 
making feed digestible. It is not always 
possible to preserve the aromatic flavor 
of hay, grain and ground feeds, but 
SUindard Stock Food imparts a quality 
to feed that makes it acceptable to the 
most dainty animals, causing them to eat 
plentifully, digest more perfectly, as- 
similate more completely the nutrients 
in the feed and return them in the way 
of a profitable yield of milk and butter. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Standard Stock Food has been on trial 
for IS years. It has proved its merits 
so many times that there is no argu- 
ment left against it. It has behind it 
an array of facts arising from its suc- 
cessful use that prove beyond the faint- 
est doubt, beyond all chances of doubt, 
that it stands alone in its capacity 
to increase the milk flow of dairy cows 
and add to the profits of the dairy- 
man. There is no other stock food 
that has been put to as severe tests 
as Standard Stock Food has been put to. 
On more than 100,000 farms it has been 
used with success. The use of it on some 
of these farms dates back IS years, and 
it is still being used on them. The num- 
ber of permanent users of Standard Stock 
Food increases year by year, because it 
has proved its right to be called The 
Standard Stock food. 

Rearing Calves 

Calves should not be sold for veal if 

WHAT IT DOES FOR CATTLE. 

Honey Creek, la,, April 22, 1903, 

Have fed Standard Food to hogs for some 
time and appreciate its good qualities very 
much. I thought I would test it to my own 
satisfaction in feeding cattle. 

I put a carload of heifer calves in the lot 
last fall that averaged 4£0 pounds each. I fed 
them Standard Food from the beginning and 
continued it. I fed ear corn, millet hay, and 
Standard Fooa four months with a net gain of 
seventy-one pounds per head each month after 
tiev were shrunk. 

Believing that Standard Food will do all that 
is claimed for it, I expect to continue feed- 
ing it. T. J, Smith. 



115 



they can be properly raised. To sell 
them is to take away the chance of 
realizing a good profit from raising them 
to sell for beef or to use in the dairy or 
sell for cows. 

The heifer calves of good cows should 
be kept for dairy purposes for where a 
good sire is used the heifer calf of a 
good cow is very likely to be better than 
her mother. 

Calves intended for the daily should 
be so fed as to develop their frame- 
bone and muscles— tut not so as to make 
them fat. The proper way is to crowd 
them as far as possible without over- 
working their digestive organs. 

Calves should be raised with a view 
to the u.se to which they are to be put. 
A dairy cow has only one business in 
life— to consume and digest large quanti- 
ties of milk-producing feed and turn it 
into milk, and the more of such feed 
she can consume, digest and assimilate 
the more profitable she will be as a cow. 

The whole secret of improving the 
dairy herd is to select the heifers from 
good cows and then rear them so they 
will have strong digestive powers and 
the good appetite that always goes with 
these. 

The fact that dairymen make their 
money from selling the butter fat from 
the milk, leaving them only the skim- 
milk, has worked against calf rearing, 
because skimmilk calves have not been 
held in high esteem, and the term skim- 
milk calf has been a term of reproach. 

With the help of Standard Stock Food, 
calves can be raised on skimmilk with 
perfect success and grow up with good 
digestions and the capacity to assimilate 
large quantities of feed. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Feed to a Purpose 

The capacity of any animal to consume 
and digest a certain kind of feed and put 
it to the best use is increased by early 
education. 

The same kinds of feed that produce 

FOR WEANING CALVES, 

East Peru, la,, Jan, 14, 1904. 

I use Standard Stock Food in addition to the 
regular grain ration in my herd of registered 
short horns, and find good results. I usually 
have a large number of cows drop their calves 
during the winter and early spring and always 
had more or less trouble until I began using 
Standard Food, as they would get oflF feed 
and reduce in flesh and run down generally, 
I find it a good conditioner and helps to car.-y 
them through this critical time in the absence 
of grass. 

I also find it a very valuable help at the 
weaning time, as the accompanying group of 
young bulls will show. These calves were all 
weaned and always had a ration of Standard 
Food which kept them from scouring and aided 
digestion and stimulated their appetite. These 
calves will weigh at twelve months old, from 
800 to 1,000 lbs., and I can recommend it to 
any feeder or breeder as a valuable addition 
to successful feeding and consider it worth 
many times what it costs, 0. £. Kuited. 



116 



The Standard Feeder — Part Five 



the largest yields of milk are the very- 
kinds that make the best growth of 
bone, muscle and increase appetite and 
digestive capacity. 

The heifer calf that is to be used in 
the dairy should never be allowed to get 
fat and beefy, for this will induce the 
beef habit that will cling to it through 
life. 

The calf that is allowed to run with 
its mother, or is fed on whole milk will 
become fat, plump and pretty, but will 
permanently be injured for dairy pur- 
poses. 

Skimmilk is a protein feed and is much 
better to develop dairy qualities than 
whole milk. For the first week feed the 
mother's whole milk, but do not let the 
calf suck the cow, excepting immedi- 
ately after birth, that it may secure the 
laxative effect of the first milk. After 
the first week gradually add skimmilk 
until by the time the calf is two weeks 
old the whole ration is skimmilk. 

Peed from 12 to 16 pounds of skimmilk 
a day, according to the capacity of the 
calf, and it is best to divide this into 
thre« or four feeds at the start. Always 



begin to ruminate until it has solid food 
in its stomach. 

The skimmilk with Standard Stock 
Food may be kept up for seven or eight 
months, at the same time giving clover 

or alfalfa hay and oats or bran all the 
time. 

Calves fed this way will be as large as 
ordinary yearlings. They will not be 
beefy and fat, but will have large 
frames, large stomach capacity and will 
be able to digest large quantities of feed. 

Never feed cornmeal or timothy hay 
to a heifer calf that is designed for the 
dairy. Both are fattening feeds and w"o 
do not want fat heifers. 

The dairy man who rears his heifer 
calves in this way will find that for 
every dollar he spends for Standard 
Stock Food he has received four or five 
dollars' worth of benefits. 

He will have the benefit of the butter- 
fat from his cows and will have a lot 
of big, growthy calves, which will be 
bettey for any purpose than they would 
have been if they had been fed on whole 
milk during their early life. 

Where bull calves are being reared for 




feed warmed to blood heat. Be careful 
about overfeeding skimmilk. A calf can- 
not consume more skimmilk than it would 
consume of whole milk. A little Stand- 
ard Stock Food and shorts in the skim- 
milk will make a perfect substitute for 
the cream taken from the milk. 

At two weeks a calf will begin to nib- 
ble at hay, and good clover or alfalfa 
hay should be kept before it, giving a 
new wisp every day. About the same 
time, it will begin to nibble at oats or 
bran and a box of either should be 
placed where it is easily accessible. 

Encourage the eating of grain and hay 
as much as possible, as the calf does not 



beef, the feeding tnay include both corn 
meal and timothy hay, but these shouli 
be fed in small quantities. 

After the calves are weaned, separate 
the heifers from the bulls and feed each 
with a view to the purpose to which 
they are to be put, always feeding Stand- 
ard Stock Food to promote digestion and 
get the most out of the feed. 

It makes stock thrive. 

SCOURS IN CALVES.-Scournig is 
caused either by over-feeding or improp- 
er feeds. It is Nature's relief for de- 
ranged digestive organs. Sour, filthy 
milk from a vat or barrel that hasn't 
been cleaned for six months is one sure 



1 

; I 



The Dairy Cow 



11? 



way of producing scouring. Infrequent 
feeding— a large quantity at long inter- 
vals is another cause. Cut down the ra- 
tion to one-half or less, and give it in 
smaller quantities, but more frequently. 
Give sweet skimmilk instead of sour 
slop; don't neglect to use a little Stand- 
ard Stock Food, and if not too late the 
trouble will be cured. 

Shelter and Care 

Cows should be kept in a comfortable 
stable, one that may be dark and cool 
in summer and light and warm in win- 
ter. 

Cows should be furnished a well-pro- 
tected yard in which to run a while 
every day in winter. They need sun- 
shine and should be kept in it as much 
as possible with comfort in cold weather. 
It is a fact that cows kept away from 
the sunshine make lighter color butter 
than those that are allowed to stand 
in the sun a while every day. 

Milk is about 87 per cent, water. Give 
your cows a plentiful supply of pure 
water. In winter a tank heater should 
be used to take the chill off for if an 
animal drinks ice-cold water it must be 
warmed in the stomach and warming it 
requires more feed. 

Feed cows at regular time and milk at 
the same hours every day. If cows are 
habituated to regular habits they will 
not worry between feeds or milkings, and 
this causes them to yield more milk. 

Treat cows kindly. Of two milkers, 
one of which treated his cows kindl\' 
and the other of which yelled and swore 
at them, the one with a kind disposition 
got enough extra milk to pay his wages. 

Feed every cow according to her ap- 
petite and capacity to make good use of 
feed. No two cows are alike in these re- 
spects and each one should be studied. 

Standard Stock Food is in use on dairy 
farms all over the country and in every 
case has proved to be valuable. It 
makes good cows better and poor ones 
more profitable. 

It makes stock thrive. 

A Simple Milk Test 

The dairyman who does not own a 
Babcock tester may test his cows so as 
to get a comparative idea of their value 
by a very simple method. Get as many 
long-necked bottles as you have cows, 
and, after milking each cow perfectly 
dry, weigh her milk to get the number of 
pounds. Then stir it or pour it from one 
vessel to another until it is thoroughly 
mixed, and from each cow's milk fill one 
of the bottles even full, and set away 
In a cool place until the cream has risen. 
The amount showing in the necks of the 
bottles will show at once which cows 
give the richest milk. The bottles should 
all be of the same size and make. Bot- 
tles in which ketchup has been packed 



for sale in stores will make good test 
bottles for this purpose. 

You now know how many pounds each 
cow gives and which one gives the rich- 
est milk. 

Keep the milk from your best cow and 
the one from your poorest one and take 
it to a creamery and have it tested, be- 
ing sure to mix the milk well from each 
cow, before taking the sample for test- 
ing. The Babcock tester will show you 
exactly what each cow is doing and from 
observing the difference in the various 
test bottles you can make a very close 
estimate of what any cow in the herd 
is doing. The man who takes the trou- 
ble to make a test of this kind often 
meets with a surprise in finding that some 
of his cows are not paying their board. 

Dairy Hints 

If you have ever had the milk from 
your cows tested for butterfat, you have 
no doubt been surprised by the different 
results obtained at different times. It 
is now pretty definitely settled that you 
can't feed butterfat into a cow— that is, 
the percentage of fat in the milk de- 
pends more upon the cow than upon the 
percentage of fat or protein in the ra- 
tion. The difference in the yield of fat, 
from day to day, depends wholly upon 
the cow's condition. How important, 
then, it is that every milch cow be kept 
in the very pink of condition. Standard 
Stock Food, by improving the digestion, 
perfecting assimilation, quickening the 
circulation, enables the cow to get more 
good out of the feed you feed, and, by 
keeping the cow in perfect condition, not 
only increases the flow of milk, but 
keeps up the normal flow through a 
longer period and maintains the full per- 
centage of butterfat. It is surely great 
stuff for the dairy cow. You ought to 
use it every day in the year. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Don't waste the skimmilk. It is rich 
in protein and one of the best growth 
promoters on the farm. 

Don't let the flow of milk fall off dur- 
ing a summer drought, even if you have 
to cut a few rows of corn to keep it up 
• Feeding green crops is coming more and 
more into favor. We believe it is only 
a question of time— when farm land is 
still more valuable— until dairy cows will 
be rarely pastured, and the practice of 
soiling become universal. Standard Stock 
Food will keep up the appetite for dry 
roughage in the summer. 

It makes stock thrive. 

From our experience we believe it pays 
to chop the alfalfa, hay or whatever 
roughness is fed to diary cows. It cer- 
tainly makes the cows eat the roughage 
much cleaner. It is a good plan to cut 
the hay, mix with it the ground feed- 
oats, corn and peas or whatever is used— 
add the ration of Standard Stock Foo<3 



118 



The Standard Feeder — Part Five 



and then thoroughly mix. It takes a lit- 
tle time to cut roughage, but it pays. 

Remember that a large portion of the 
food a cow consumes in winter goes to 
keep up the animal heat. The less energy 
that is consumed for fuel in her body, 
the more energy she will have to con- 
vert into milk. Your barn need not be 
quite so warm as your house, but it 
ought, for the best results, be warm 
enough to keep water from freezing. 

The good dairy cow is a lady and ought 
to be treated as such. Kindness pays. 
Don't irritate her. And don't give her 
unpalatable food. Standard Stock Pood 
will increase the palatableness of the 
feeding ration and the cow will show her 
appreciation in the milk pail. 

It makes stock thrive. 

You cannot expect to see the full ef- 
fects of Standard Stock Food the firf-it 
week you feed it to dairy cows. Often 
there is little perceptible increase in the 
flow of milk, but it pays for itself many 



Standard Stock Food is especially need- 
ed by the dairy cow. We make large 
demands upon her digestive system, and 
her digestive juices are not nearly so 
strong as are those of the horse or hog. 
A large part of the work of digestion is 
done in her mouth, and it is especially 
necessary that the flow of saliva be kept 
up at all times. This is best done by 
making the food palatable, and food is 
made most palatable by Standard Stock 
Food. It makes stock thrive. 

A Short History of a Success 

During a visit to our office Mr. J. F. 
Wheeler of Douglas County, Nebraska, 
gave us his experience in feeding Stand- 
ard Food, which extends over a period of 
something more than eight years. These 
experiences were given in a narrative 
form and were so closely interwoven 
with his history and with his work as 
a feeder and a dairyman, that we be- 
lieve they will bear repeating. 



■Views on 

Mr. J. T. Wheeler's 

Farm 



■WTiere 

Standard Food is Fed 

Regularly 




times over in keepuig up the flow 
throughout the entire period of lacta- 
tion. 



■WORTH MANY TIMES ITS COST, 
Marysville, Kans., December 23, 1901. 

Standard Food is just "the stuff" for hogs. I 
■would not risk doing without it, even for one 
week, for many times its cost. 

Am feeding the full ration, about 2 pounds 
per day, to my 20 cows. This seems expensive, 
but I am convinced it pays. I weaned my 
calves and got them to eating easier and quick- 
er on Standard Food than I ever was able to 
do without it. I would not be without it on 
account of the good I get out of it for my 
calves alone. In regard to my cows, can say 
that the other milkmen have quit business on 
account of the high price of feed, while I am 
buying more cows and am supplying their cus- 
tomers and am selling milk at a profit. 

■When I first began to feed Standard Food my 
cows gained 4 gallons of milk in three days. 
This ,at the price I was getting, gave me 96 
cents extra for an outlay of about 30 cents. Am 
well satisfied with Standard Food, and shall 
continue to feed it. J. S. Chapman. 



Mr. Wheeler came to Nebraska from 
Illinois in 18S3, settling on a small farm 
near Blair, Washington county. Finding 
his field of operations somewhat limited, 
he removed to a large farm near Fre- 
mont, where he began feeding on a 
larger scale. In the fall of 1894 he pur- 
chased 207 head of western cattle and at 
once began fitting them for market. After 
feeding them some time, he found about 
40 head of the bunch were not doing as 
well as the others. They apparently were 
not capable of going to the bunks and 
partaking of that full, even ration that 
makes feeding profitable. 

During his experience as a feeder, Mr. 
Wheeler had never heard of Standard 
Food, but he believed there was some- 
thing of a condimental nature which he 
could feed to his animals to assist them 
in keeping on a full, even feed. "V^'^hile 
he was considering what was best to do 
with these animals, our agent called on 



The Dairy Cow 



119 



him and told him about Standard Food 
and what it would do for his cattle. Mr. 
Wheeler was pleased with the idea, and, 
acting upon his theory regarding condi- 
mental food, decided to cut out the 40 
head referred to as not doing well, and 
add Standard Food to the grain ration. 

Tliis was done with gratifying results, 
for at the end of three weeks it was 
found that these 40 steers were compar- 
ing quite favorably with the best animals 
in the herd, so far as their ability to par- 
take of a good, regular ration each day 
was concerned. He became convinced 
that if Standard Food would help the 
poorer animals of his herd, it would pro- 
duce proportionate results with the bet- 
ter ones, and he began feeding Standard 
Food to the entire lot, which was con- 
tinued until the end of the feeding sea- 
son. 



were separated from the cattle and kept 
by themselves until morning, when they 
were fed a light ration of grain, together 
with a ration of Standard Food; after 
which they were turned into the feed lot 
with the cattle, where they remained un- 
til night. This method, by which the 
hogs received an extra ration of grain 
and Standard Food, proved to be a very 
profitable way to handle hogs following 
cattle. 

Mr. Wheeler had, during his career as a 
farmer and feeder, taken much interest 
in the dairy business. Believing that he 
was especially fitted for handling milch 
cows successfully, he began looking for 
a suitable location. This was found at 
his present residence in Douglas county, 
to which he moved in 1897. He at once 
began to take an active part in the dairy 
business in his locality, becoming a mem- 




A Scene on the Dairy of L. L. Aldricli, Falls City, Kel) 



This bunch of cattle were on feed six 
months and thirteen days, and made an 
average gain of 310 lbs. per head, which 
was certainly good, considering the grade 
of cattle. Every item of expense had 
been carefully figured, covering corn, 
roughage and Standard Food, and when 
the cattle were marketed, it was found 
a nice profit of $1,483:00, together with 300 
bushels of corn that had been charged 
to the expense account, were left on the 
credit side of the ledger. 

This lot of cattle were followed by three 
cars of hogs, which were not figured in 
the total, so far as the profits referred to 
were concerned. Mr. Wheeler had his 
own individual ideas in handling these 
hogs, which shows his abiding faith in 
Standard Food. Each night the hogs 



ber and an active worker in a co-opera- 
tive creamery, i 'i 

In reference to results obtained from a 
continuous use of Standard Food with 
milch cows, we will use his own words: 
"Having fed Standard Food to my cows 
and keeping close account of the results, 
can say that the profits obtained from 
the feeding of Standard Food, have been 
more than satisfactory. My cows are al- 
ways ready for their ration; no off days. 
A full flow of good, rich milk at every 
milking." 

Mr. Wheeler is running a farm of 207 
acres, on which he keeps in addition to 
other animals, a herd of 100 cattre, 90 of 
which are cows and heifers. At the pres- 
ent time he is milking 43 cows, receiving 
900 lbs. of milk per day, which is shipped 



120 



The Standard Feeder — Part Five 



direct to Omaha, after being properly 
fitted for siiipment. 

During tlie last eight years Mr. "Wheeler 
has fed more than 10.000 lbs. of Standard 
Food, and he says that he never fed a 
pound that did not give him a profit. At 
the close of the visit referred to, he made 
this remark: "I would never think of 
running a dairy farm without using 
Standard Food." He evidently meant 
what he said as he left an order at that 
time for another ton of it. 

CANNOT AFFORD TO BE WITHOUT STAND- 
ARD FOOD. 
Falls City, Neb., May 20, 1801. 

Gentlemen: I have been using your Standard 
Food for feeding my dairy stock, with best re- 
sults. I have been in the dairy business almost 
five years, have fed several different kinds of 
condimental foods, but none with as good re- 
sults as Standard Food. 

Last January my cows were doing no good; 
in fact, they were completely out of condition. 
After talking with your agent, Mr. A. N. Cook, 
he assured me that Standard Food fed each day 



The Best Proof 

Titiere is no better proof of the value 
of Standard Stock Food than the results 
obtained from feeding it by a careful, 
painstaking, practical man. 

We have thou.sands of dairymen as 
our cu.stomers and the success they have 
obtained from feeding Standard Stock 
Food and the results they report have 
shown that the profit to be obtained 
from feeding it to dairy cows is in many 
cases greater than is usually obtained 
in other lines of feeding. 

Mr. E. G. Baird, of Jefferson, Scho- 
harie County, New York, is a successful 
and enthusiastic feeder of Standard 
Stock Food. He owns a well improved 
farm of 232 acres, milks about thirty 
cows and also has thirty-five to forty 
head of young stock and horses. 

He began feeding Standard Stock Food 
last year to his entire dairy herd, and 
has obtained excellent results. He also 




Snap Shots on a Good Dairy Farm Owned and Operated by E. G. Balrd, Jefferson, New York 



would prove a benefit to me and took my order 
for enough to feed 100 days. 

I have made this statement since I began 
using the food. I believe I can use Standard 
Food and feed on one-third less grain and still 
be winner in dollars and cents and know my 
cows are in better condition, and I would not 
think of doing without it as long as I am in 
the dairy business. My cows are giving more 
milk this spring than I ever got any spring 
before and I shall soon be ready for another 
order, and shall always be ready to speak a 
good word for Standard Food, Yours truly, 
L. L. Aldrich, 

Mr. Aldrich is a representative and 
successful dairyman, and a good friend 
of Standard Food. He feeds it now, not 
because our agent asked him to, nor 
because our agent said it would pay him, 
but because he knows it pays him. We 
do not make any extravagant claims 
that Standard Food fed to dairy cows 
produces a greatly increased flow of 
milk, but do claim that a saving of feed 
will result and that the flow of milk 
will continue for a considerably longer 
period than is possible without it. Hun- 
dreds of dairyman, including Mr. Al- 
drich, have had this proven to their 
satisfaction, and if Standard Food will 



make them money it will do the same 
for you— if you will give it a chance, 
sold some of the food to other farmers 
in his vicinity and reports complete sat- 
isfaction. 

What he thinks of the Food can prob- 
ably be best shown by quoting a letter 
from him under date of September 6, 
1904, which is as follows: 

WHAT I THINK OF STANDARD 
STOCK FOOD. 

"I feed Standard Stock Food to my 
entire dairy herd and am confident it 
will increase the flow of milk per cow 
from one to two pounds per day. I also 
feed it to my calves with good results. 
Will say further there is nothing equal 
to Standard Stock Food for horses, as. 
it will give them the nicest coat and 
put them in the best condition than any 
stock food I know of." 

Such an endorsement from a man of 
Mr. Baird's standing and success should 
have great weight in showing the value 
of Standard Stock Food. 

The accompanying half tones made 
from photographs of Mr. Baird's stock 
show their general good condition. 



il?g^^;#>' - — 





CARE AND FEEDING OF SHEEP 



SHEEP— "And bycause that shepe in myne own opynyon is 
the mooste profitablest catell that any man can haue, therefore I 
pourpose to speake fyrst of shepe." 

Thus wrote Judge Fitzherbert in "The Book of Husbandry," 
the first and best of early EngHsh works on agriculture, which was 
published in 1634, 370 years ago. 

The opinion of Judge Fitzherbert has been justified thousands 
of times not only in England but in Germany, Spain, and the 
United States, and thousands of farmers in all these countries still 
think sheep the most profitable "catell" that any man can have. 

So highly are they regarded in Spain, the country our best fine 
wool sheep originated in, that the Spanish have a proverb that 
says: "The hoof of the sheep is made of gold," this saying arising 
from the fact, established by long experience, that land on which 
sheep are pastured and fed constantly grows more fertile. 

From the earliest times the keeping of sheep has been a regu- 
lar industry, and ancient nations counted their wealth by;the;num- 
ber in their flocks. 

The wool of the sheep is used to clothe all civilized nations, 
and its flesh is the most delicious and digestible of that of all do- 
mestic animals.; 

It may safely be said that sheep have more to do with makmg 
mankind comfortable than any other animal. 

The new-born babe is swathed in clothing of finest wool, and 
the old man wraps his woolen garment about him to secure a tem- 
perature his sluggish circulation no longer maintains. 

121 



122 



The Standard Feeder — Part Six 



MONEY FROM SHEEP 



ilHEN we see the statistics, telling 
us that there are more than 51,- 
U(W,000 sheep in the United States, 
we are likely to think sheep are 



rather plentiful, but that is only a lit- 
tle over 14 to the square mile. In the 
rich state of Kansas there are only 3 1-5 
sheep to the sciuare mile; in Illinois, 
9%; in Iowa, 15 2-5; in Missouri, 11 1-3; 
in Nebraska, 61^, and in South Dakota 
less than 12 sheep to the square mile. 
If all the sheep in the United States 
were kept in Kansas there would be less 
than two to the acre, a number the rich 
lands of that state could take care of 
without straining its resources in any 
way. 

On the high-priced lands of England, 
with all its other crops and varied in- 
dustries, there is an average of 300 sheep 
to the square mile, and it is found profit- 
able to keep them. 

It lives and thrives anywhere. It may 
be found in the bleakest countries of the 
North, and . in the sweltering tropics. 
The savage and the uncivilized use its 
skin for clothing and the dainty lady 
wears gloves, boots and coats made of 
its skin also. 

Sheep grow to market age in a few 
months, and while doing so, grow a coat 
of wool that will sell for enough to pay 
the cost of raising them. 

The demand for wool is much greater 
than the supply in this country, and 
mutton always sells at a remunerative 
price. 

Breeds 

In the matter of breeds the farmer 
has a wide choice. The Merinos with 
their fine wool, capacity to thrive in 
large herds, and general hardiness, have 
always been most popular in this coun- 
try. The mutton breeds are numerous, 
and among them the Shropshire, the 
Southdown, the Oxford, the Lincoln, the 
Cotswold, the Leicester, the Dorset, the 
Hampshire, and numerous otlier breeds 
have all proved hardy and profitable in 
this country. 

Sheep will live and thrive where pas- 
tures are short and the rainfall small, 
better than any other farm animals. 
They are greedy weed and shrub eaters, 
and will consume straw, corn stover and 
other coarse feeds to advantage. 

They require but little shelter, a shed 
protected from the prevailing winds and 
having a rain-proof roof keeps them per- 
fectly comfortable in all weathers. 

The mutton breeds are very prolific, 
the ewes frequently having twins or 
triplets, and with ordinary care 100 



ewes will bring forth more than that 
number of lambs. 

Characteristics 

Sheep are easily controlled. They do 
not break away and stampede, they are 
not hard on fences, and they do not pack 
the soil even in wet weather. Where 
the land is rolling it is their habit to 
seek the highest places to sleep, and 
there they deposit the large part of their 
droppings just where they are most 
needed. Their droppings never kill the 
grass, being deposited in small quan- 
tities, and in this way a farm on which 
sheep are regularly kept grows more 
fertile every year. 

■A farmer can keep a flock of sheep 
even if he has but few acres, as they do 
not require a large range nor great 
capital to start with. They h^ve but 
few diseases, and these are such as only 
arise from neglecting them. 

No class of live stock can be turned 
out so early in the spring nor left out 
so late in the fall as sheep. They are 
great savers of feed, as they delight in 
gleaning grain fields, and in rough or 
broken ground will thrive on the ordi- 
nary scrubby growth that cattle will 
not touch. 

Pure-bred sheep should be kept be- 
cause they have been bred to a certain 
purpose, but the veriest scrub ewes, 
crossed on a pure-bred ram, will bring 
lambs that are a great improvement and 
many of the most productive flocks of 
sheep in this country are those which 
have been brought up to a high stand- 
ard by grading up with pure-bred sires. 

Feeding sheep has been a profitable 
business in the past, and there is no 
reason why it should not continue to be 
as profitable as ever. 

The most extensive sheep-feeders usu- 
ally buy their feeding stock, fit it for 
market during the winter, and sell in 
the spring as soon as the wool can 
safely be taken off. 

Buying thin sheep in the fall they 
try to put them in good condition by 
feeding alfalfa hay, corn or other grain. 
In the West alfalfa is the best single 
feed for sheep. Further east clover, 
prairie hay, timothy and corn stover are 
used for roughage, and corn, oats or 
wheat screenings for grain. 

The farmer who has a few sheep and 
feeds them out will always find a 
market for them at a good price; 
usually in the section where but few 
sheep are kept the local butchers are 
glad to take sheep at a figure that 
makes them very profitable. 



f 



Care and Feeding of Sheep 



123 



The farmer who keeps a comparatively 
small flock of sheep should try to get 
an animal that produces a fair fleece of 
wool, and has a good mutton shape. 
AVhere pure-bred sheep are not kept 
this kind of an animal may be secured 
by using a male of a good mutton breed 
on ewes with some fine wool blood in 
them. 

One of the favorite crosses of this 
country is a pure-bred Shropshire, Ox- 
ford. Cotswold. Southdown. Lincoln or 
Hampshire ram on the grade ewes to 
be found everywhere in the country. 
Such a cross will produce a fine fleece 
of wool of good quality, and a mutton 
body that is very desirable. 



made at the Chicago Fat Stock Show 
and other similar shows where prizes 
have been offered on cross-breeds. A 
cross of this kind produces mutton just 
as good as that from a pure-bred ani- 
mal, and the breeding stock may be 
secured for much less money. 

At the Chicago Fat Stock Show some 
Southdown wethers 213 days old weighed 
193 pounds each, showing a gain of nine- 
tenths of a pound every day from birth. 
This was an exceptional case, of course, 
but shows what may be done with the 
best care and how much profit may be 
made from sheep, when the best mutton 
breeds are used. As to cross-breeds, it 
is only a question of care to make them 




Two Profitable Flocks Owned and Fed by R. L. Shaw, Fremont, We*. 



The Ram 

In selecting a ram choose one wide at 
the top of the head. He should have a 
broad and rather long back, and the loin 
should be broad and thick, the hip long 
and the ham w*ll let down so as to 
make a good leg of mutton. The flank 
should be let down so as to make the 
under line of the body parallel with the 
upper. The brisket should be wide and 
thick, and the foreflank full so as «o 
set the legs wide apart. This conform- 
ation is very similar to that of a good 
beef steer. It gives the largest percent- 
age of valuable meat and denotes a 
good feeder. The wool on such a sheep 
should be glossy, and the skin a bright 
pink, denoting good health and plenty 
of vigor. 

That cross-bred sheep produce good 
mutton has been proved by the exhibits 



just as profitable. Cross-breeds will not 
weigh fiuite as much as pure-breds, but 
tliey will make just as good use of feed. 



GREATER GAIN WITH LESS COST. 

Fremont, Neb., Nov. 15, 1900. 
Gentlemen: This is to certify that I pur- 
chased of your agent, W. H. Haven, 7,800 
pounds of your Standard Stock Food last sea- 
son to feed to sheep. In the first place I pur- 
chased 1,000 pounds to make a test with oil 
meal, and found that the sheep being fed 
Standard Food did much better than those be- 
ing fed oil meal, and at a much less cost. I 
then bought Standard Stock Food to feed the 
balance of my sheep, as I consider Standard 
Food the best condimental food that I have 
ever fed to sheep, By feeding Standard Food 
I reduced the death loss to absolutely nothing, 
which alone about pays for the Standard Food 
that the sheep ate, and was able to put on a 
greater gain than I ever did before and at a 
less cost. I can say that I believe Standard 
Food to be as good for sheep as anything I 
bav9 ever fed. R. L. Shaw. 



124 



The Standard Feeder — Part bin 



Care of Breeding Ewes 

Breeding ewes should not be allowed 
to get fat. They should be kept in good 
condition and so fed as to be plump and 
hard, but there should be very little sur- 
plus fat on them. 

If pastures fail late in the fall they 
should be given extra feed in order to 
keep in good condition, so there will be 
no trouble getting them in lamb. 

The average period of gestation is 
about twenty-two weeks, and they 
should be bred so as to drop their 
•lambs about the time settled fair 
weather comes in the spring. This is a 
matter that will depend on the seasons 
in the locality where the sheep are kept. 

If the sheep are kept in a good warm 
house during the winter the lambs may 
come earlier, but we are now discussing 
the keeping of sheep on the average 
farm under average conditions. 

After the ewes are bred they should be 
kept as quiet as possible and fed regu- 
larly and plentifully on good bright hay 
and about half a pound of oats or bran, 
or a mixture of these, a day. With the 
grain ration should be given the quan- 
tity of Standard Stock Food directed. 
This will keep the ewes in a high state 
of health and give good digestive pow- 
ers, keeping them, in good condition 
with less feed than would otherwise be 
the case. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Breeding ewes which have been fed 
Standard Stock Food regularly through 
the winter will produce vigorous lambs, 
and have a plentiful supply of milk for 
them. They will not be in danger from 
garget, nor will they fall away in flesh 
from suckling the lamb. 

Where ewes are kept in high condi- 
tion from two or three weeks before 
they are bred, they are much more likely 
to have twin lambs, and thus become 
more profitable. English flockmasters 
regularly put their ewes on extra feed of 
the most nutritious kind two or three 
weeks before breeding them, with this 
in view. 

Some flockmasters labor under the de- 
lusion that ewes should be kept rather 
thin during pregnancy, but this is not 
a good policy. They should be kept in 
such condition that they are round and 
plump, feeling hard and firm under 
handling. 

Give plenty of good water, and do not 
hurry them or allow them to be crowded 
through gates or doors. 

Watch them closely^ during lambing 
time, and if any of them refuse to own 
their lambs, shut them in a pen with the 
lamb and see that it sucks regularly, 
and the ewe will soon acknowledge her 
offspring and thereafter take care of it. 

On himdreds of farms breeding ewes 
are kept on oat or barley straw, peavines 



or corn stover all through the winter, 
and do well on such rough feed, but will 
require a little more grain than would be 
needed where clover or alfalfa hay is 
given. In the west, thousands of breed- 
ing ewes are wintered on alfalfa with 
little or no grain, but this is not the 
best way, and the good sheep-keeping 
farmer would not be content with such 
makeshift feeding. 

Breeding ewes should be well protected 
from storms during the winter. What 
is principally needed are dry yards and 
a house that will protect them from rain 
and wind. The house need not be a 
warm one, but it should be such a Ciie 
as will protect from high winds and 
cold rains. 

A yard that would otherwise be quite 
damp may be made dry by bedding it 
with straw. The ewes will eat a part of 
the straw and the remainder will be 
tramped down and make manure. 

Care of Lambs 

Lambs mature quickly and make a 
better size if they are taught to eat 
grain as soon as possible. It is surpris- 
ing how soon a lot of jambs will begin 
to eat bran, oats and cracked corn or 
wheat screenings, if such feeds are with- 
in their reach. 

The best way to feed grain to lambs is 
to make a "creep" for them. This is a 
pen in the pasture with an opening on 
each side through which the lambs can 
creep, but small enough to keep the 
ewes out. If such a pen is made of slats 
set upright, the slats may be far enough 
apart so the lambs can creep through 
anywhere at pleasure. This pen or creep 
should be covered so as to protect the 
grain from rains and should have in it 
a trough in which grain should be kept 
all the time. 

With the grain thus fed, feed Standard 
Stock Food, and the lambs will grow 
and thrive wonderfully, and when wean- 
ing time comes may be taken away from 
the ewes without "going back" at all. 
Grain never gives such large returns as 
when it is fed to young lambs. If Stand- 
ard Stock Food is used as directed the 
lambs will get all the good possible out 
of the grain and grow into money more 
rapidly than any other young stock, for 
besides making weight in the shape of 
flesh they will be growing a long, heavy 
fleece of wool. 

It makes stock thri\e. 

W^eaning Lambs 

Lambs that have been taught to eat 
grain will be ready to wean at four 
months of age. By this time they should 
be lusty fellows, eating grass regularly 
with their dams and eating grain every 
day. When taken from the ewes they 
should be separated far enough that 



T&e Care and Feeding of Sheep 



125 



they and their dams cannot hear each 
other, and put on the best pasture pro- 
curable. Second growth clover or alfalfa 
makes a good weaning pasture, and the 
writer has weaned many a bunch of 
lambs by turning them in a field of 
growing corn. If the corn is standing 
up, the lambs will not do it any harm, 
as they cannot reach the ears and will 
only eat the lower leaves, that would be 
lost in any event, and the weeds and 
grasses that spring up in every cornfield. 

Grain should be regularly given, and 
Standard Stock Food continued without 
a break. 

Very often pasturage is short at the 
time lambs are weaned. In that case a 
patch of rape comes in very handy. 
Rape can be grown to a size for pasture 
in about seven weeks from the time of 
sowing and makes an elegant feed for 
lambs, or for sheep of any age. AYhen 
first turned on rape sheep should be al- 
lowed to run in it for only an hour, 
gradually increasing the time until they 
can be allowed to run on it altogether. 
Sheep like to have a rape patch to run 
in, with liberty to go back on a grass 
field to lie down or to nib Die over. 

Fattening Sheep 

It is not thought to be profitable to try 
to fatten j-earlings. At this age sheep 



are losing^ their lamb teeth and their 
front teeth are geeting loose, so they 
do not eat well, and it is hard to get 
them to put on flesh rapidly. 

Sheep should be sold as lambs or the 
spring they are a year old, just after 
shearing, or should be kept over until 
past their second winter. Unless wool is 
high enough to make it an object, it is 
better to sell the wethers the spring they 
are a year old. reserving as many of 
the ewes as are needed to keep the flock 
good, or increase it to the desired size. 

Fattening sheep should be kept on a 
dry yard. This should be well littered 
and • they should have a shed, protected 
on the windward side and having a rain- 
proof roof. 

A building that would be warm enough 
for dairy cows will be entirely too warm 
for sheep. As they require good venti- 
lation, an open shed, as suggested above, 
makes a very comfortable place for 
them. 

Grain and rough feed should be fed 
separately. Place the rough feed in con- 
venient racks, protected if possible, and 
feed the grain in troughs. The racks 
may be filled with hay, letting the sheep 
eat at liberty; a great many feeders 
make very large racks purposely, so it 
will not be necessary to put hay in every 
day. In close quarters the racks should 




It Will Pay You 



After all is said and done, there is just one 
thing that you want to know about the Stand- 
ard Stock Food and that is whether it will pay 
you or not. 

You are probably more interested in that 
phase of the question than you are in the why 
or the wherefore. 

We can easily tell you why Standard Stock 
Food will make money for you, but over- 
shadowing our say-so is this fact: 

More than 100,000 farmers and stockmen are 
feeding it every year. 

They know that it pays them and they freely 
say so. They don't say so to please us nor to 
fool you. They say so, because it is so, and 
back up their say-so by continuing to purchase 
Standard Stock Food. 

Thousands of them have used it continu- 
ously from ten to fifteen years, hundreds of 
them have used it ever since we first put t on 
the market. 

Honestly now, can you, as a business farmer, 
afford to decline to give Standard Stock Food 
a fair trial. 

Remember it's the best stock food in the 
world— there is no question about it. 

IT MAKES STOCK THRIVE 



126 



The Standard Feeder— Part Sin 



be of a size to need filling every day, 
as sheep dislike hay in such places after 
it has been "blown on," as shepherds 
say. 

Rough Feeds 

The best rough feed for sheep is al- 
falfa, as it is so well balanced that it 
reqiiires less grain with it than any 
other coarse feed. In the east clover 
hay will be found at the best, and where 
neither of these are to be had, prairie 
hay or timothy may be substituted. Corn 
stover is probably next best to alfalfa, 
if the corn has been cut early and the 
stalks well cured in the shock before 
being husked. If the stover can be cut 
or shredded it will be more convenient, 
but the sheep will not eat any more of 
it than they would if it were uncut. 



feed, as they will do in V-shaped 
troughs. 

With the grain ration always give the 
proper quantity of Standard Stock Food. 
Every flock-master or sheep-feeder who 
has ever used Standard btock Food is 
loud in its praise. It hurries them along 
better than anything else, keeping them 
in good appetite, and keeping their di- 
gestive organs toned up to full capacity 
all the time. 

It makes stock thrive. 

Length of Feeding Period 

The feeding period with sheep and 
lambs is from twelve to fifteen weeks. 
In this time lambs will gain from 25 to 
30 pounds a head and be in fine shape 
for the block. Older sheep will gain 
from 15 to 20 pounds, the profit being 



^^^'iM 




Grain Feeds 

Corn stands at the head for fattening 
sheep, and 50O pounds of shelled corn 
with 400 pounds of good clover hay will 
make 100 pounds of gain under average 
conditions. 

In many ijarts of tlie country wheat 
screenings are a cheap feed, as they 
are sold at a low price. 

Oats make a good grain ration for 
sheep and a cheap one when they are 
low-priced. Oats tend to make growth, 
however, rather than fat, and should be 
fed in connection with corn. 

Wheat bran, while good for ewe.s and 
stock sheep, is not a good fattening feed 
and should not be used, as it is rarely 
cheap as compared with corn or screen- 
ings. 

I The grain given to fattening sheep 
should be fed in wide, flat-bottomed 
troughs, so as to compel them to eat 

§lowJjf:j,ratU«f . than "hvg" tji^ir grain 



in Increasing the value of the pounds 

the sheep weighed at the beginning, 
father than making money from the 
added weight. 

Standard Stock Food is admirably 
adapted to lielping sheep get "fit" quick- 
ly. When it is used the sheep keep on feed 
regularly, while without it more or less 
of them will be off feed a part of the 
time, as a sheep is a rather dainty feed- 
er and mii.'^t he carefully fed to keep 
eating heavy feed regularly. Standard 
Slock Food kfej).s the dig<'Sti\'e oi-gans 
al work all the time, and as the feed is 
more perfectly digested and assimilated, 
a flock to which it is fed will invariablv 
beat one to whch it is not fed. 

From the time they first begin to eat 
until they are finally di.iposed of. Stand- 
ard Stock Food will i)ay at least 100 per 
cent above its cost to the fiock-master 
who uses it regularly in feeding his flock. 

This is not a matter of theory or 

g-uesswvrk, Read on other pages <?f thi? 



The Uare and Feeding of Sheep 



127 



book the testimony of experienced and 
successful sheep-feeders. 

Their testimony could be added to by 
that of hundreds of others who have 
become so thoroughly convinced of the 
merit of the Food that they would not 
think of trying to keep sheep without it. 

It makes stock thrive. 



or insufficient nourishment. Tempt the 
appetite and aid the digestion by giving 
a little Standard Stock Food v/ith each 
feeding ration, and your lambs will be 
healthy, frisky, happy and prosperous. 
It makes stock thrive. 



Sheep like variety in their ration. They 
have been known to eat 350 different kinds 
of grasses and plants. You can give the 
taste of variety to their feed, by the judi- 
cious use of Standard Stock Food. 

It makes stock thrive. 



The rule in sheep raising is always— dry 
feet and dry back. Take care of that and 
your flock will do well. 



Thousands of 'ambs die every year from 
stomach worr ' the result of improper 



The Nodular disease in sheep is caused 
by a worm that develops in the stomach 
and, passing into the intestines, lays its 
nit in the mucous membranes with which 
the intestines are lined. These nits gather 
in bunches called nodulars; pus forms 
and the nits emerge and multiply until 
the whole digestive tract is full of them. 
They interfere with the processes of di- 
gestion and assimilation to such an extent 
that the sheep literally starves to death. 
The best preventive is to keep your flock 
in a vigorous, healthy condition, with the 
digestive system toned up to its fullest 
capacity by the regular use of Standard 
Stock Food. It makes stock thrive. 




Scenes on Daniel Leonard's Farm, Corning, la. 



AN EXPERIENCED SHEEPMAN'S VIE^WS 



Corning, la.. Sept. 25. 1904. 

After an obs^ervation of over fifty years 
of constant intent to succeed, I wiU say 
to the young man intending to engage 
in sheep husbandry to not start out to 
get rich quick. Be sure to go slow at 
first. Make up your mind that you will 
be disajjpointed, but when you have 
reached success from adversity a few 
times you will then begin to start fairly 
on the road to independence, if you per- 
severe and continue to learn the know- 
liow. 

No pasture lot is giving its best returns 
without a few sheep oi"! it to eat the 
weeds. A certain number will destroy 
weeds and make room for grass to grow 
to the amount of all the grass tliey would 
eat. Why not raise woo! and mutton 
instead of grain, beef and pork, and 
save fr<-ight on tlie heavier products as 
wtU ■:H save the fertility of our real es- 



tate? It is said that land is too high in 
price to raise sheep on in this section 
of country. Let us see. Say let us start 
at Omaha, thence east, state by state, 
to Philadeliihia, and slieep are more nu- 
merous, coimty by counts-, as we reach 
the east. Tlien, if you please, let us enu- 
merate a few sections in England, and 
you have my answer. Fort.\--eight ye.ars . 
ago we stojiped here with less than three 
hundred dollars. We now ha\e and haye 
helped our sons to over 1,100 acres of 
land. Staying with the sheep pays. 

I find that sheep have natural advan- 
tages which c.ittle and hogs do not 
possess, and offer greater sources of 
profit than either of the others. First, 
they are very prolific and raise their 
\'iiung on the most inexpensive feed 
with the least care; Second, their 
ilesh costs less to produce and brings 
more in the market than any other; be- 



128 



The Standard Feeder — Part Six 



sides it is the most healthy food for 
man. 

In regard to Standard Stock Food, I 
know from experience that if it is fed 
intelligently it will give good results, but 
if fed by Tom, Dick and Harry, as it 
comes convenient, it is a waste and more 
too, the same as salt fed hap-hazard. 
We have found your Food especially ben- 
eficial when fed to horses/ 

The above might be strung out to cover 
pages, but the successful may know from 
the above. Yours truly, 

Daniel Leonard. 



IT MAKES ME MONEY. 

Pomona, Kas., August 29, 1901. 

The following is my experience in feeding 
25 head of steers, corn and Standard Food, and 
after May 20th, on pasture: 

April 10th, I weighed these steers, which 
were then on a full feed of corn, and their 
average weight was 876 pounds; total, 21,900 
pounds. I then commenced feeding Standard 
Food, and on May 20th, their average weight 
was 1,020 pounds; total, 25,505 pounds; a gain 
of 3 3-5 pounds per day per steer, On May 
20th, I put the cattle on pasture of timothy 
and clover, feeding Standard Food and a full 
feed of corn, weighing again June 19th, when 
the total weight was 27,990 pounds, a gain of 
99 1-5 pounds per steer in 30 days. These cat- 




Owned and Fed by Milen Patterson 



Owned and Fed by Milen Patterson 

Two hundred and sixty-six head aver- 
aged 925 pounds when put in feed yard; 
were started on snapped corn, finished on 
ground corn. They were fed Standard 
Food sixty-five days. Mr. Patterson had 
these cattle on feed ninety days when he 
shipped to Kansas City, Mo. They av- 
eraged 1,275 pounds, and sold for an av- 
erage price of $5.13 per hundred. Sold 
by the Drovers' Live Stock Commission 
Company. 



FEEDS IT TO ALL. 
Winterset, la., Sept. 30, 1902, 

Your special agent, Mr. L. S. Houlette, came 
■to me and asked me to give the weights of my 
31 head of cattle I nut on feed Jan. 11, 1902, 

Their weight was 1,000 pounds when started. 
I sold them May 12, 1902, at an average weight 
of 1,443 pounds in Chicago. They were on 
feed 132 days and made 443 pounds per head 
in that time. I fed them Standard Food, 

I have hought 2,000 pounds today, as I think 
it pays to feed to all kinds of stock, I have 
85 steers in feed at present and shall put 120 
more on feed, to which I shall feed Standard 
Food. G. L. Shaw. 



tie were shipped July 1st, when they were 
weighed without water, at a total weight of 
28,560 pounds, showing a gain of 266 pounds 
in 80 days' feed, each steer an average of 3 1-3 
pounds per day, I have fed cattle for some 
four or five years, but never had cattle do as 
well as this bunch, and I am satisfied that 
Standard Food helped me greatly to get this 
result. I am now feeding Standard Food to 
115 hogs with a profitable result, and I expect 
to continue its use, because it makes me 
money. H. A. Davis. 

"A FAIR AND HONEST TRIAL." 

Herman, Neb., March, 1904. 
Having used Standard Food for six years 
past, wish to say it is an excellent food in 
connection with the grain ration of hogs, and 
especially so during the fattening period. It 
will give fattening cattle a sharp appetite as 
well as increase it. I can recommend the Food 
to any feeder or stock producer. 

J. H. Johnson. 

A STOCKMAN'S ADVICE, 
Kennard, Nebr., March 19, 1904. 
This is to certify that I have used the 
Standard Food for about six years, and am 
well pleased with it. I have never made a 
scale test and cannot tell exactly what it does, 
but would advise anyone feeding cattle to use 
Standard Food. I think the hogs do better 
by following cattle fed the Food. 

W. E. French. 



Care and Feeding of Sheep 



129 




Owned and Fed by W. M. Briggs; They Got Standard Food 



SUCCESS WITH STANDARD FOOD. 

Des Moines, la., July 19, 1903. 
Gentlemen: I will hand you the out 
weights of the bunch of cattle you photo- 
graphed June 10th. Their weights, when 
bought Nov. 1st, were 1,052 lbs., average. 
I roagh-fed them until January 1, 1903, and 
then gave them a small feed of corn once a 
day until February 1st. Their weight was 
1,100 lbs. per head when I got them on full 
feed. I sold them June 10th ; their weight 
that day at Grimes, la., 6 miles from my 
»arm, being 1,425 lbs per head. They had their 
feed in the morning and were weighed at 
5 p. m. Their ration was ear corn and a 
regular feed of Standard Food sprinkled over 
it, twice a day. For roughness I used second 
crop timothy and clover; not very good at that. 
I think my cattle fed fine considering the 
corn of 1903. 

Truly yours, 

W. M. Briggs. 

ORDERS THE BEST EVIDENCE. 

Anthon, la., June 8, 1903. 
On April 2nd of this year, your agent, Mr. 
Brunell, induced me to try some Standard Food 
in feeding my cattle. I can say I was well 



satisfied with the results obtained. My cattle 
ate better and digested the corn better. I an; 
going to feed it to hogs this summer and ha ; 
this day given your agent an order for £00 
lbs. V. H. Wilsev. 

Never Had Cattle Do Better 

In reference to the cattle shown in 
the picture below, Mr. Bernard states: 
"These cattle were put on full feed 
February 1. 190O. They did not do 
well at the start. I began feeding 
Standard Food April 12th and they 
soon began to gain, and I never had 
cattle do better than these. Tliey gained 
250 pounds per head while being fed 
Standard Food from April 12th to July 
4th. They averaged 1,500 pounds when 
sold July 6th. The hogs following these 
cattle were bought in February, and av- 
eraged 110 pounds. When sold witli the 
cattle they averaged 275 pounds, and 
brought $5.35. I never had liogs do as 
well while feeding cattle." 



'■-1 








■■^HMHHI^^H 


^^^^^I^^^^I^H 




If 




m 


sns 






,|j .;, £j<^ 


i 


gl^ 


■■ 


1 

fr 



Owned and Fed by A. R. Berna'^d, Eooae, Iowa 



130 



The Standard Feeder— Part Six 



A Sample of Standard Food's Effect 

The animals shown hclow were exhib- 
ited at the Minnesota State Fair, 1900, and 
won third prize on herd. The bull and 
three heifers on the right won third prize 
as get of sire and third on the yearling 
bull. Mr. Lucas says: "I attribute the 
fine growth and condition of my herd in a 
large degree to the careful feeding of 
Standard Food. These animals have been 
fed a moderate ration of Standard Food 
nearly all their lives." 



There is nothing in it that will injure any kind 
of stock for breeding or fattening purposes. 

The best evidence I can give you is that my 
sons and I buy it in large quantities. We have 
placea our order to-day for 1,000 lbs, to feed 
our 40 head of beef cattle we have on feed, ana 
shall put BO more on feed at once, also feed 
it to our 300 hogs we have on feed, and do not 
care to be without it. 

S. £. Daggett & Sons. 

THE PROPER THING FOR PROFIT. 

Underwood, la.. May 28, 1903, 
On October 1st to 10th I commenced feeding 
the Food to 21 head, and from that time to 
May 4, 1903, when I sold them in Omaha at a 




Part of Aberdeen Angfus Herd Owned t)y Berry Lucas, HamUton, Mo. 



DEMONSTRATED ITS VALUE. 

Ord, Neb., July 30, 1904. 

We have fed five lots of cattle during the 
past four years, and have fed Standard Stock 
Food to two lots, and I believe I know some- 
thing about its value. 

Three years ago I fed 1,000 lbs. of Stand- 
ard Food to 60 steers, making a gain of 300 
lbs. per steer in 3% months. This lot of cat- 
tle had the itch during the feeding period and, 
no doubt, were held back on that account. 

The next year I fed without using stock food. 
The gain was not so good. Last year I bought 
1,000 lbs. of Standard Food again to feed to 
119 steers. They were bought Jan. 25, 1904, 
weighed at Ord; average weight, 810 lbs. Sold 
June 10, 1904, weighed at Ord, 1,240 lbs. 
Weight at Chicago, 1,210 lbs. Making a gain 
of 400 lbs. (Chicago weight), in 4'/2 months. 
Three loads sold for $5.95, and three loads at 
$6.05, I fed from a self-feeder. 

I know that I can get a better gain by feed- 
ing Standard Food, as the gains on my cattle 
when fed stock food have demonstrated. 

Danner & Co., by H. G. Danner. 

FOR ALL THE STOCK. 

Conrad, la., Dec. 18, 1902. 

I have fed Standard Food to all kinds of 
stock, from my horses down to my poultry, and 
find it all you claim for it. Your agent, Mr. 
C. M. Deal, sold me my first order for fatten- 
ing cattle. He told me it would shorten the 
feeding period and make a better market finish, 
which it surely did. The finish alone is worth 
more than the Food costs me. My cattle feed 
evenly; none scouring, or belching food; and all 
are rcdv for the feed every day, 

I think it excellent for young calves and 
small pies, and I don't think it can be beat 
for horses. I never fed it to a horse but what 
I could see an improvement in a short time. 



good price for the kind and market on which 
they sold. These cattle were on feed seven 
months and went into the feed lot at about 800 
lbs., certainly not more and perhaps less. They 
sold with the shrinkage in Omaha for $4,85 
per hundred pounds and weighed out at an 
average of 1,317 lbs. per steer, an average gain 
per steer per month of about 74 lbs. 

I am well pleased with my experience and 
consider the money invested in Standard Food 
made me a good profit. My cattle fed evenly 
and ate all the ration clean and quickly. The 
whole feed was satisfactory and I believe Stand- 
ard Food is the proper thing to feed for profit. 
John Sexton. 

A GOOD TEST. 
De Soto, la,, June 30, 1903. 
This is the result of my test feed with Stand- 
ard Food on two (2) bunches of hogs. Both 
bunches being fed same amount of soaked 
shelled corn for one (1) month, 

"Lot Fed Standard Food." 

May 28th, 6 hogs weighed 1,070 lbs. 

June 27th, 6 hogs weighed 1,325 lbs. 

Gain 255 lbs. 

"Lot Not Fed Standard Food." 

May 28th, 6 hogs weighed 1,030 lbs. 

June 27th, 6 hogs weighed 1,245 lbs. 

Gain 215 lbs. 

Total gain for Standard fed lot 255 lbs. 

Total gain for lot not fed Standard 

Food 215 lbs. 

Gain in favor of Standard Food '40 lbs. 

Cost of Standard Food at 10c per lb $ .90 

Cash value of 40 lbs. gain at 5c 2.00 

Net gain of 6 hogs $1.10 

Net gain per hog per month, 18 1-3 cents per 
month. H, L. McCombs. 



Story — "The Standard Farmer" 



131 



"THE STANDARD FARMER' 



"You have a fine farm here, Mr. Bus- 
by." 

Abner Busby's weather browned cheeks 
began to wrinkle as a slow smile showed 
on his face, and he gave a deliberately 




"You Have a Fine Farm Here" 

comprehensive glance at the prospect be- 
fore him. 

The mari who was talking to the farm- 
er was looking with delight across the 
fields, emerald green with growing corn 
or golden with wheat, rye and barley, 
while here and there in the green and 
gold glory of the Nebraska prairie, in the 
July of a fat year, the landscape was 
dotted with the royal purple of alfalfa 
blossoms. 

It was a fine farm, such a farm as 
may be seen in the best part of Ne- 
braska almost any summer day, in any 
year. The road that passed the farm 
house had been mowed until it was as 
free from weeds as a well-kept lawn and 
the lawn before the house was well 
trimmed. The house itself was painted 
white and the shutters, thrown back to 
allow light and air to enter, were as 
green as the corn blades in the field on 
the slope beyond. 

Straight and trim the fences bounded 
the fields, and the big barn and feeding 
sheds to the left were in good repair, 
nicely painted and fitted into their places 
like the setting in a brooch. Under the 
big feeding shed, in the feed lot, some 
tidy steers chewed the cud of content- 
ment, and above all was a sky as blue as 
sapphire and a breeze, that bore the per- 
fume of shocked wheat and curing al- 
falfa, cooed in the evergreen trees on the 
lawn. A cock strutted and crowed in 
the barnyard, and hens sang harshly 
or cackled lazily in the barn and about 
the place. Some plump, round swine lay 
in the shade of the feed troughs, and 
slept away the day in swinish ease. 



It was a fine farm, indeed, and Abner 
Busby knew it as did the passing 
stranger, who had called on a matter of 
business connected with some farm ma- 
chinery Mr. Busby had bought. 

Half sitting on the railing of the 
portico in front of his pleasant home, 
Abner Busby felt the joy that comes to 
the man who achieves. He had settled 
in Nebraska in the old days of hard 
work and privations, such as only pio- 
neers know, and had seen the fulfill- 
ment of the old prophecy, for had he not 
seen "the desert blossom as a rose" and 
out of the wilderness of wild land, un- 
touched by the man with the hoe, had 
he not seen the bloom of rich harvests? 

To have a passer-by, a stranger in a 
strange land, recognize the beauty of his 
farm, and delight in the picture of pros- 
perity that nature had laid in her own 
colors across the hills, was, to this man. 
as sweet as honey in the comb, and it is 
not to be wondered at that his features, 
hardened by the sun and storms of many 
years, relaxed and wrinkled in leathery 
ridges as a smile spread across his face. 

"Yes," he said, reflectively, "I reckon 
I have a pretty fine place, an' it ain't 
the only one in this section. The folks 
in this neighborhood call me the Stan- 
dard Farmer, an' so I jest named my 
farm the Standard Farm." 

"Isn't that rather a queer nickname to 
give a farmer?" asked the stranger. 

"I guess It is," assented Mr. Busby, 
"but it come about in a cur'ous kind of 
a way." 

"How was that?" 

"Waal, you see, when we first come 
out to this country we kind o' sot down 
out o' doors, as you might say. They 
wasn't no trees nor no shelter of any 
kind an' we jest camped right on the 
open prairie an' put up shacks for shel- 
ter till we could git started. 

"Then we turned to an' broke up a 
patch an' got some corn planted an' be- 
gun to break more so's to have some 
ground to put in wheat in the fall. 

"In a year or two we was able to 
build better houses, but things didn't 
go altogether smooth an' we had to 
rustle pretty lively to git started an' 
keep a-going. We kep' this up for sev- 
eral years an' by that time we kind o' 
forgot how things used to be tended 
to back yonder, an' we got careless 
'bout how our farms looked an' wasteful, 
on account o' the plentiful crops, an', to 
tell you the truth, this was a pretty 
run-down-at-the-heel section o' God's 
country for some consid'able time after 
it was thick settled. 

"We raised cattle an' hogs, an' if 
they done well we made money, an' if 



132 



The Standard Feeder — Part Seven 



murrain an' cholera come along an' 
killed off our stock we took it as the 
workin's of Providence an' turned to an' 
stocked up again. 

"One day, it must a-been about twelve 
years ago, a feller come through the 
country selling a new stock food. It 
was made down here to Omaha an' he 




"They Began to Perk Up" 

told some great tales about how much 
good it'd do our stock by keepin' them 
healthy an' giving them a good appetite 
an' making the corn go further, 

"I was feeding a lot o' steers that fall 
that wasn't doin' no good on earth. 
They et about half as much as they 
ought to an' their hair stood right out 
on end. I was plum discouraged about 
'em an' when that feller come along 
with the stock food it done me good to 
give him such a cross-harrerin' an' 
tongue lashin' that I thought he would 
never come to see me again. 

"But he wasn't that kind of a man. 
He called on me time an' ag'in, an' was 
such a good feller, an' seemed to be- 
lieve with all his might that Stock Food 
was all right, that finally I bought a 
hundred pounds of it jest to git shut of 
him for a while. 

"After I had bought it, I concluded I 
might as well feed it, 'though I was 
mortal certain it wasn't no more use 
than a lot o' sawdust. So I begun to 
feed them steers accordin' to directions, 
an', sure's your a-settin' there, they be- 
gun to perk up an' sort o' take notice 
when I come around to feed 'em, an' be- 
fore three weeks they was lookin' so 
much better that I went down an' told 
the feller he might bring me another 
box o' the Food. 

"Waal, to make a long story short, 
them steers come right out o' the kink.'^ 
an' growed to beat the band, an' when 
they was ready to sell I got a bigger 
price than any o' my neighbors, an' 
then I began to toot my horn about how 
smart I was to find out about Standard 
Stock Food first. 

"You know how 'tis with a feller. You 
may have to take a club to him to git 
him to change his ways an' then, after 



he finds out that was what he ought to 
a-done long ago, he turns to an' takes 
all the credit to himself. I was jest 
that way. It's human natur', I guess. 

"The next year I begun early with a 
lot o' steers an' hogs an' my stuff bulged 
right ahead of anything in this hull 
section. Fellers used to come round this 
way to see the steers, but yit they 
wouldn't own up that it was Standard 
Stock Food. All the folks that belong 
to the perverse an' stiff-necked genera- 
tion the scripters tell about ain't dead 
or converted yet, by a long shot, so my 
neighbors come to see my steers an' 
hogs an' went away marvelin', taut un- 
convinced. 

"For some time it seemed to me there 
was something wrong about the steers. 
Things didn't seem to jibe right an' 1 
couldn't tell what it was, till one day 
Gabe Hawkins was lookin' at the steers, 
an' he said, says he: 

" 'Ab, if you'd clean up this barnyard 
a little a feller could git more reel en- 
joyment a-lookin' at your steers. The 
way it is now his mind is took often the 
steers to steer his way, so to speak.' 

"Say, d'ye ever notice how some folks 
look dressed up in common clo'se an' 
pome look kind o' mussy no matter if 
they're dressed in spick an' span silk 
an' satin? 

"Waal, that's just what had been the 
matter all the time. Soon's Gabe spoke 
I knowed in a second where the trouble 
was. Them steers didn't have the right 
kind of a settin' out. There they was, 
sleek as a mole— some of the neighbors 
declared I must curry them o' night— an' 
the barnyard an' feed lot was shoetop 
deep in manure. It all busted in on my 
inner consciousness, as the preacher 




"The Steers Looked Fifty Per Cent Better" 

would say, in a wink o' your eye. That 
wasn't the kind of a lot to keep that kind 
o' steers in. 

"You don't have to tie me up an' hit 
me with an axe-handle to make me see 
the hole in a barbed wire fence. You 
jest p'int out the circumstance to me an' 
it ain't long afore the circumstance is 



Story — "The Standard Farmer" 



133 



layin' flat of its back an' I'm on top 
of it. 

"The next morning me an' the boys 
turned to an afore the weelc was out 
we had that feed lot an' the barnyard 
swep' an' garnished, as the scripters say, 
an' I ain't tellin' you no lie when I say 
them steers looked fifty per cent better 
than they did afore, an' I swan I be- 
lieve they knowed the difference an' 
swelled out more'n a little. 

"That was the beginning of the hull 
thing, the enterin' wedge, so to say. 
I hadn't no place to pile the manure I 
hauled out. I knowed it wasn't no use 
to put it on the land, for the land was 
as rich as it could be, anyhow, but I 
had to put it somewhere, so I scattered 
it over the oats stubble where I wa.s 
goin' to put in wheat. 

"After the feed lot an' barnyard was 
clean, I seen it would take a new fence 
around 'em to make things look right, 
an' after that was built I noticed the 
barn yard looked better than the door 
yard afore the house, so I slicked that 
up, an' while I was at it I got that fancy 
wire fence you see an' put it up around 
the house. 

"By the time I was through with these 
things, I noticed my house needed paint- 
ing, an' then I concluded I ought to put 
some blinds up to the winders, an' after 
that was done I had to build a new 
kitchen, an' I'll be doggoned if I didn't 
have to furnish the hull house afore 
mother an' the girls was satisfied. J 
begun to think I owed Gabe Hawkins 
a big grudge for ever mentionin' the 
manure in the feed lot. 

"Then I painted the barn an' put up 
a new windmill, an' afore I was done 
with gettin' the place to look's if it all 
belonged to one man, I had got clear 




"Standard Stock Food Would Make 
Any Man Rich" 

over to the back lots an' people said 1 
was gettin' fooler an' fooler every year. 
"You see, I didn't get all these things 
done in one year, I took it gradual, but 
kep' on doin' things. The wheat crop 
where I'd put the manure turned out five 
bushels to the acre more'n any other 
field on the place, an' I found out I 



could git paid for haulin' it out by git- 
tin' bigger crops, so I got careful about 
saving all of it I could. 

"All the time, I was a sayin' that 
Standard Stock Food would make any 
man rich, for my stock sold for more'n 
anybody else got an' my crops got to 
gittin' big on account o' the manure 




The Standard Farm 

I saved an' my neighbors got to thinkin' 
consid'able, an' one after another they 
turned to an' follered my advice, till the 
hull neighborhood got to lookin' more 
scrumptious an' picked up like. 

"Then come the time when I got to 
bein' called the Standard Farmer. Ol' 
Elder Bowie, he was presidin' elder in 
this deestrick in them days. He was one 
o' your ol', hard-knockin' preachers, 
who'd come out here when the country 
was new an' talked right straight from 
the shoulder. 

"We was havin' a sort of a basket 
meetin' in that grove down yonder, an' 
the Elder was the preacher. On Sunday 
mornin', the day of the meetin', he 
preached a sermon an' took for his 
tex', 'The Christian Standard.' He 
p'inled out that every one has to have 
a standard by which to regelate his life. 
'Fer instance,' he said, 'Washington is 
the standard o' patriotism in this coun- 
try; Dan'l Webster the standard of 
flowery speakin' ; Lincoln the standard 
o' statesmanship.' Then he said, says he, 
'Even in this very neighborhood we have 
a standard by which you farmers might 
square your own ways o' workin' your 
farms. There's Brother Abner Busby, 
who has made his farm like unto a gar- 
den an' whose cattle on a thousand hills 
look like they each one had a private 
nurse to keep 'em slick an' feed them 
the good things o' life.' 

"Say, I'd a-took two-bits for myself 
an' a-handed the buyer back twenty 
cents o' that, if I could a-got out o' 
that crowd. I'd been talkin' Standard 
Stock Food till the whole crowd see how 
the shoe fit me, an' Gabe Hawkins, he 
looked p'intedly at me an' snickered 
right out. 

"From that the name got tacked onto 
me. At first I didn't like it very much 



134 



The Standard Feedei 



an' I come mighty near goln' over an' 
j'inln' the other Methodists, but the 
Elder he come around an' tallied mighty 
smooth to me an' put the thing in such 
a light that I begun to feel kin' o' proud 
o' the name, an' finally I concluded to go 
the whole hog an' I called the farm 
'Standard Farm,' as you'd see by the 
name on the barn, if you could see the 
front side of it from here. 

"It looks kind o' conceity in me at first 
sight, but after you know all about it, 
you see it ain't my fault I've got the 




The "Whole Keighhorhood Picked Up 

name. Sence that, most o' the farmers 
around here has got to be Standard 
Farmers, too, but I got the patent on 
the name an' I hold it." 

"Sort o' curious how things turn out, 
ain't it?" said Abner, after a pause. 
"You wouldn't think buying a little box 
o' stock food would turn a hull neigh- 
borhood upside down, would you?" 

"It seems to have been a rather good 
investment, though," said the stranger. 

"Waal. I should smile," said Abner, 
and he did. 



YOU CAN -WRITE TO THIS MAN. 

Haddam, Kans., June 18, 1903. 

I will give you the weights and gain on my 
cattle during last season's feed. These cat- 
tle, forty in number, were bought December 
5, 1902, and sold April 28, 1903. They were 
westerners and were wild, consequently, dur- 
ing the first three weeks of the feed, the 
entire lot did not eat more than 2V2 bushels of 
corn per day. I felt very much dissatisfied and 
discouraged with them. I had a little Stand- 
ard Food left over from last year, so I began 
feeding it over snapped com. They liked it, 
and in three weeks were on a good strong feed. 
They were on feed 120 days, during which time 
they made an average gain of 414 pounds per 
head. 

This statement can be verified by getting a 
copy of the Stock Yards Daily Journal of April 
29, 1903. I have been using Standard Food 
for four years and the longer I use it the bet- 
ter I like it, and the more I am convinced all 
should feed it. 

I will say this to the feeder who feeds as 
I did when I started to use Standard Food 
regaraing statements of this kind, that if he 
thinks this statement is too srong and will 
write to me, I will find time to answer him 
and show him where to find the record of this 
feed. Tnis is not all; these cattle were the 
tails out of twelve cars. 

W. S. Teague. 



"A MARGIN OF $50.70 A HEAD." 

Ozawkie, Kan., June 6, 1902. 

I fed Standard Food in connection with con 
and oil meal. I fed yearlings weighing 755 
pounds and costing $3.05 per cwt. I fed five 
months, put on 362 pounds' gain, and sold on 
the St. Joseph market for $6.60. They cost 
$23.02 a head and sold for $73.70, giving a 
margin of $50.70 a head. For light cattle I 
think I ought to feel well satisfied. 

I don't know whether it was your Food or 
the oil meal cr both, but something put a fine 
gloss on them. The salesman said they were 
the fattest bunch of western cattle he had 
seen for some time. They were sold on May 
14th. If you have a copy of the St. Joseph 
Stockman of that date you will notice the sale 
of 67 cattle, weighing 1,117 pounds. 

F. G. Stark. 




A Standard Fed Herd on the Farm of -W. J. Eennedy, Cuba, Kansas 



Fitting Stock for the Show Ring 



135 



PART EIGHT 



FITTING STOCK FOR 
THE SHO>^ RING 



n 



ITTING stock for the show ring re- 
quires extra care in every direc- 
tion. It has come to be an art by 
itself in these days when appear- 
ance counts for so much in the show 
ring. 

It is much to be regretted that modern 
stock judges will hardly look at an ani- 
mal, shown as a breeder, unless it is in 
fit condition to go at once to the butcher's 
block. 

As we are compelled to accept present 
conditions if we show stock, we must do 
the best we can to make our stock fat 
and in perfect condition in every way. 

Every dainty in the way of feed must 
be furnished and the appetite kept at the 
highest point all the time. There is a 
condition that stock showmen have come 
to call "bloom," which the successful ex- 
hibitor must secure. To hold an animal 
in this condition week after week is proof 
of the skill of the feeder. 

Feeders of stock for market know that 
it is possible to overfit cattle or sheep, 
and this is what happens when a show 
animal begins to lose its "bloom." When 
this happens it becomes lumpy with fat 
and flabby under the handling of the 
judge, and, if this is very pronounced, 
the animal has little chance of winning. 

Suppose you were going to exhibit cat- 
tle, sheep and hogs at a big fair, where 
to win a prize would be an honor to you. 
You would want to have it "fit to the 
day," as the saying is, so it would be in 
good shape and under the handling of 
the judge would be smooth and firm all 
over. 

To secure this desirable condition it is 
necessary to begin some weeks in advance 
of the show by gradually increasing the 
feed given to the animal. 

"A Beef Cow" 

Say you have a Shorthorn cow, for 
instance. She is not giving milk, for you 
are going to show her as a beef animal. 
You begin operations by putting her in 
the stable and increasing her feed. You 
want her to eat as much as possible, but 
she must have a good appetite. So you 
tempt her with dainties, but unless you 
are very careful she gets too dainty for 
ordinary tidbits, and goes off her feed. 

To prevent a thing of this kind, begin 
feeding her Standard Stock Food. This 
will make any ordinary food palatable to 
her, stimulate her appetite, increase her 
digestive powers and give her coat that 
lively luster that the show animal must 
have. 

At the same time you begin feeding her 



you also begin to groom her regularly. 
You first wash her all over with castile 
soap and soft water, rinsing the soap 
off in a thorough manner and rubbing her 
perfectly dry, using first a wisp of straw 
and then a rub cloth. After this is done, 
you go over her with a cloth dampened 
with olive oil, and put a blanket on her. 
A horse sheet will answer for this pur- 
pose, but heavier blankets will be neces- 
sary later. 

Carefully scrape her horns with a bit 
of glass until they are perfectly smooth. 
Then bring them to a surface with emery 
paper, and finally polish them with a 
cloth, wet with olive oil and sprinkled 
with emery powder, until they shine like 
ivory and ebony. 

If you are very careful with her you 
will have a sheath made for each horn 
and keep these on at all times, to pre- 
vent them from getting scratched' or 
otherwise marred. 

Keep her well bedded and polish the 
hoofs toward the last. Trim the hair 
close on the tail down to the brush, and 
carefully "pick" the brush or long hairs 
at the end of the tail. "Picking" is pull- 
ing each hair out of the tangles it will 
be in, one at a time. JSJever use a comb 
for this purpose, as it pulls out the hairs 
and reduces the size of the brush. After 
the brush is picked and straightened, it 
may be combed, but never when there 
are twists and tangles in it. 

Curry the cow and rub her down every 
day. Give her only the best hay and the 
sweetest grain, never neglecting Standard 
Stock Food at any time during the feed- 
ing. 

The show animal must be kept on dry 
feed from necessity most of the time, but 
a small quantity of green feed may be 
given two or three times a week. 

Watch it every day and see to it that 
it does not pick over its feed, as this 
shows either a loss of appetite or too lib- 
eral feeding. 

If Standard Stock Food is fed regularly 
the appetite will not fail, but too much 
grain and hay may be fed. The best 
way to keep a show animal in condition 
is to feed all the hay and grain it will 
eat up clean. Feed regularly at least 
three times a day and furnish all the 
water wanted. 

Breeding animals fattened, as show ani- 
mals must be fattened, will, under ordi- 
nary feeding, be damaged more or less, 
for they must be put into such high con- 
dition to have a chance to win that the 
necessary letting down to get them into 
shape for breeding again leaves them 



136 



The Standard Feeder— Part Eight 



more or less weakened as far as breeding 
is concerned. 

If Standard Stock Food is used in the 
process of fitting for the show ring, the 
vital powers will not be strained beyond 
their capacity, and when the process of 
reducing to breeding condition is begun 
there will be no difficulty in the after- 
usefulness of the animals as breeders. 

Many a good breeding cow, of almost 
every breed, has been totally ruined by 
having been rr.ade butcher fat for show 
purposes, and then reduced to breeding 
condition without giving her system the 
advantage of any preparation for this 
change. During the violent change from 
breeding to show condition and back 
to breeding condition again, she needs 
special ca»'e in keeping her system in 
perfectly natural working order. 

Standard Stock Food keeps the animal 
to which it is fed in a perfectly normal 
and healthy condition, even when loaded 
with a weight of flesh and fat. This is 
why butcher stock fed the Food shrinks 
so little in going to market. The weight 
added by the use of Standard Stock Food 
is not a load of fat too great for the 
lean meat, but a naturally balanced con- 
dition between flesh and fat that allows 
reduction in weight without weakening 
the subject in any way. 

Fitting Sheep 

In feeding sheep for the show ring, it is 
allowable to use more green stuff than 
is the case in fitting cattle. The very 
best hay should be given as the main 
part of the rough feed, but with this 
may be fed considerable quantities of 
cabbage, turnips, mangels or sugar beets. 
In fitting sheep grain should be ground 
and a good mixture is corn, oats and 
wheat bran, in equal quantities by weight. 
To this mixture add Standard Stock Food 
according to directions. Keep the sheep 
in a dry place and litter their pens with 
clean straw. 

In the case of Merinos, keep the ani- 
mals blanketed all the time, in order to 
keep the oil in the wool from becoming 
hard, as the wool of a Merino should 
be heavy with oil. No clipping should 
be done on a Merino that is to be shown, 
as this leaves light spots in the fleece. 

Shropshire sheep are invariably clipped 
while being fitted for the show ring. This 
is done by rubbing the surface of the 
wool with a wet sponge, and then clip- 
ping the surface very lightly with a pair 
of sharp shears, so as to make it per- 
fectly smooth and give it a thick, firm 
appearance. 

A good Shropshire showman will go 
over his sheep time and again and rub 
the wool in every direction, so as to raise 
every fiber of extra length in order that 
it may be clipped off. 

As in the case of cattle feeding. Stan- 
dard Stock Food will cause a sheep to 



make a firm, evenly distributed growth 
of flesh and fat that will bring the ani- 
mal into the ring a "good handler" and 
one that will prepossess the judge in its 
favor. 

Sheep are more apt to lose their 
bloom while on a fair circuit than al- 
most any other stock, but the showman 
who uses Standard Stock Food regularly 
will find his animals keeping "on edge" 
week after week with very little dif- 
ference in appetite, appearance or han- 
dling qualities. 

In showing sheep all the white-faced 
breeds should have their faces carefully 
washed, not long before they go into tiie 
show ring, as this gives them a clean, 
lively appearance that is very pleasing to 
spectators and judges. 

Hogs For Show 

The best show hog is the one that is 
heavily built up with flesh and fat, and 
has strength enough to stand square and 
firm on its feet. 

A hog must be fed with great care, or 
it will come into the ring with its legs 
bent as if from overloading. 

Feeding on corn alone will not put a 
hog in the best show condition. If milk 
is to be had it is a very good thing for 
fitting hogs, and corn, ground oats and 
wheat middlings made into a thick slop 
will add to the weight rapidly. Stan- 
dard Stock Food should be fed every day 
to keep the animal eating, digesting and 
assimilating the largest possible quantity 
of feed. 

Keep the animal in a clean pen and 
give it plenty of clean bedding. Wash it 
frequently and oil its skin often with 
olive oil. If it is a thin-haired Berkshire 
or Poland-China, it adds to its appear- 
ance to clip its hair rather short, but a 
thick-haired hog looks the worse for this 
treatment, 

Fitting Horses 

The fitting of horses, when well done, 
adds to their appearance and to their 
value. A very fat horse might not suit 
a farmer as well as one in good, hard- 
working condition, but take a working 
horse to market and no matter how hard 
he may be, if he is not fat he will not 
sell as well as one that has been made 
fat. 

It is the same in fitting him for the 
show ring. In the draft and general pur- 
pose classes, it is necessary that the horse 
be really fat to get even a "pleasant 
look" from the judges, and in the lighter 
classes the horse that shows its ribs is 
often passed up for a worse one, fat 
enough to feel in high spirits and too fat 
to make any sort of a show on the road. 

In fitting horses for either the show 
ring or the market, we must keep in 
mind the fact that the horse is very 
easily overfed. He has not the digestive 
capacity of a hog, nor the paunch of the 
steer or sheep. His stomach is small 



Fitting Stock for the Show Ring 



13r 



and can easily be overloaded, if feed, 
high in nutritive value, is given to him 
liberally and continuously. Get a horse 
off his feed and he is out of sorts pretty 
badly. He lets his head hang down in a 
listless way, his coat stares and loses its 
brilliancy, and his eye is dull and lustre- 
less. 

To avoid trouble of this kind it is neces- 
sary to get him in the highest possible 
condition and keep him on edge all the 
time as far as appetite is concerned, but 
you want him to be in high natural con- 
dition, not "tuned up" with drugs or 
kept in an artificial condition by the use 
of rank purgatives, such as the mineral 
salts. 

The feeder wants the animals he is fit- 
ting to eat with a good appetite and 
digest and assimilate the largest possible 
quantity of the nutrients in his feed. 

He feeds the best hay he can get, and 
for this purpose timothy is a very good, 
if not the very best, rough feed. Corn 
stover is also a good rough feed, if well 
cured. He feeds plump oats and good 
sound corn, not forgetting to give bran, 
and in this to feed the proper quantity 
of Standard Stock Food. 

With Standard Stock Food it is so 
easy to fit a horse for show ring or mar- 
ket that the trouble is reduced to the 
minimum. The Food keeps the horse in 
good condition by regulating the bowels, 
increasing the flow of saliva and the di- 
gestive juices, and making the powers of 
assimilation strong and active. 

Feed Standard Stock Food regularly to 
any horse and he is bright-eyed, high- 



or catches the fancy of the judge and 
gives him a disposition to put the blue 
ribbon on the animal before going over 
him carefully. 

It pays in prizes for the show ring, and 
in big round dollars, for the market, to 
feed that which has proven its merits 
in thousands of cases. Feed horses Stan- 
dard Stock Food and get more prizes, 
more money, or more work out of them, 
according to which of these you are seek- 
ing. It makes stock thrive. 

The stockman who follows these direc- 
tions as to feed and care may be sure 
that his stock will go into the show ring 
at their best. Standard Stock Food is 
the stock showman's best friend, as it 
allows him to put his stock in the highest 
possible condition without injuring it in 
the least. He may safely fit his breed- 
ing stock for the show ring, and after 
the fair season is over reduce it again to 
breeding condition, feeling that he has 
not injured his chances for getting good 
young stuff from it. There is nothing 
that will take the place of Standard 
Stock Food in fitting stock for market, 
any more than there is a substitute for 
it in feeding fattening or breeding stock. 

It makes stock thrive. 

GAIN 522 P0X7NDS. 
Earlham, la,, June 18, 1903. 
Dear Sirs: These cattle weighed when put 
in feed lot, October 1, 1902, 1,040 pounds per 
head. They were put on full feed about No- 
vember 10th. Commenced feeding a ration of 
oil meal, about IVa pounds to the steer, De- 
cember 15th. After feeding Cil meal for 
awhile we concluded that they were not doing 
as well as they ought to, so bought Standard 




Wicks Brothers Fed These Cattle Standard Food, and They Believe In I*- 



headed and full of life. His ears show 
that he is alive, his coat is glossy, his 
skin in good condition and all his vital 
powers in full play. 

A horse fitted in this way takes the eye 
of the buyer and brings a high price. 



Stock Food to feed along with their other feed. 
We like it and think it helped to keep up a 
good, even appetite and finish the cattle well. 
We shipped these 20 head May 25th, and after 
driving them 9 miles to Earlham, they aver- 
aged 1,562 pounds, a gain of 522 pounds per 
head. 

Wallace and Charles Wicks. 



138 



The Standard Feeder— Part Eight 




Owned and Fed by Weir Bros., Superior, Neb. 



The following is the report made by 
the Messrs. "Weir Brothers, of Superior, 
Neb., on the cattle shown in the above 
cut: 

"Yarded Oct. 6, 1899, average weight 700 
lbs. Fed until May 22, 1900, average weight 
1,188 lbs. when sold. Sold at ?5.15 per cwt. 
Kansas City, Mo, Fed on corn and cob meal, 
alfalfa and Standard Food. Fed Standard 
Food from Nov. 16th, one pound to ten head. 

We think it pays to feed Standard Food 
from the fact that it keeps the digestion good 
and causes cattle to eat more, and more reg- 
ularly, and they do not scour as they do when 
not fed the Food. 

Weir Bros, 



A Fine Gain 

In the picture below are shown sixty- 
one head bought Sept. 1, 1899, yarded 
Sept. 20th, when they averaged to weigh 
1,054 pounds. Fed snap corn until Jan. 4, 
1900, then shell corn and straw until April 
1st, then soaked corn and straw until sold 
in Chicago May 28th, when they weighed 
1,504 pounds average, showing an average 
gain of 450 pounds per head. They sold 
at $5.50 per cwt., which was the top price 
paid that day. 

Mr. Parker paid $4.15 per cwt. for these 
cattle and fed them a regular ration of 
Standard Food from Feb. 1st until they 
were marketed. 




Ovmed and Fed by J F, Parker, Silver Creek, Heb. 



Comparative Digestion in Farm Animals 



139 



PART NINE COMPARATIVE DIGESTION 

BY DR. C. W. SANBORN IN FARM ANIMALS 



||-w||0 subject pertaining to live stock 
1^1 feeding- is of more vital interest to 
1^1 the farmer and the feeder— and 
* ^^^ l their pocketbooks — than the subject 
of comparative digestion in our different 
farm animals. 

The feeder's financial success depends 
upon his knowledge of causes and effects, 
and it is very possible for him to under- 
stand the theory of breeding, and how to 
compound a ration from a scientific 
standpoint with complete knowledge of 
the chemical composition of the feed- 
stuffs he uses, and yet fail in results if 
he lacks a knowledge of the animal 
mechanism and the complex process of 
digestion. 

What is Digestion? 

Digestion, as the term is now used, 
means the preparation of food for ab- 
sorption and assimilation. 

Foods of animals are usually solids, and 
in order that their nutritive elements 
may be absorbed and taken up into the 
blood stream of the animal, they must 
first be reduced to a liquid state. It is 
this process of liquification which is 
called digestion. . 

It is in reality a series of complex pro- 
cesses, both chemical and mechanical in 
nature, for certain food elements are in- 
soluble in the state in which they are 
eaten and must be chemically changed or 
converted into other forms before they 
can be dissolved. The most familiar ex- 
ample of this is the conversion of the 
starchy substances in the feeding stuffs 
into sugar by the action of the saliva in 
the mouth. 

Starch is not soluble, and therefore 
could not be absorbed, but changed into 
sugar, it is readily assimilated. 

Digestion is accomplished by the action 
upon the food of the various digestive 
juices secreted at different points along 
the digestive canal (such as saliva in the 
mouth and the gastric juice in the stom- 
ach) assisted by the natural animal heat 
of the body and various physical or me- 
chanical actions, such as the mastica- 
tion of the food by the teeth, the churn- 
ing motion of the stomach, etc. 

Different Methods 

Considered from this point of view the 
process of digestion and the digestive 
apparatus differ greatly in our differ- 
ent farm animals; — the cow. for exam- 
ple, has four stomachs, the largest of 



which will hold 30 gallons, while the 
horse— though a heavier animal— has but 
one small stomach with a capacity of 
only about 5 gallons. It is evident that 
in the general evolution of the digestive 
system from its simplest to its most com- 
plex form, in different members of the 
animal kingdom, it has been constituted 
in different animals to conform to their 
food, habits and general characteristics. 

The Ruminants: 

The horse and the hog have one stom- 
ach; the ox and the sheep four. 

These two— the ox and the sheep— are 
called ruminants because the food they 
take into the first stomach is regurgi- 
tated and chewed a second time — the 
process commonly called "chewing the 
cud." 

Each of the four stomachs of the ox 
and sheep has its separate function to 
perform in preparing the food for absorp- 
tion. 

The first stomach, or compartment, is 
called the rumen or paunch, for the rea- 
son that it is from this compartment that 
rumination takes place. The food capacity 
of the first stomach is greater than that 
of the other three divisions combined. 
The function of the first stomach is that 
of a retainer or reservoir for retaining 
the coarsely masticated food for the sec- 
ond mastication. The steer chews his 
food the first time only sufficient to be 
passed into the first stomach, where it is 
mixed with the secretion of this division, 
and at proper intervals is recalled to the 
mouth for its second and final mastica- 
tion. 

The second stomach is called the re- 
ticulum or honey-comb bag, on account 
of its numerous partitions which present 
a honey-comb appearance. It is the 
smallest of the four compartments. Its 
cavity communicates freely with that of 
the first stomach by a large opening. Its 
function in digestion seems to be that of 
aiding rumination and supplying moisture 
for the first stomach, as the second stom- 
ach always contains more or less water 
and food. 

The third stomach or compartment is 
called the Omasum or manyplies, on ac- 
count of its numerous mucous folds, 
which vary in breadth and are from 
twelve to fifteen in number. The func- 
tion of the third stomach in the proc- 
ess of digestion seems to be that of 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



140 



The Standard Feeder — Part Nine 



regulating the passage of food from 
the second stomach into tlie fourth or 
true stomach. The orifice or passage 
from the second stomach leading into the 
third division is so small that it acts 
somewhat like a check valve in prevent- 
ing the coarse food material from pass- 
ing out of the second division into the 
fourth division. Still, the orifice is large 
enough to allow the passage of whole 
corn and other small grain into the fourth 
stomach. 

After the food has once entered the 
passage of the third compartment it can- 
not be recalled for further mastication. 
Therefore, all whole corn and other grains 
that escape mastication in the mouth, 
must pass through the entire digestive 
tract undigested. Thus we see whole 
corn and other grain pass through the 



The Horse and Hog 

Of the four differently constituted do- 
mestic animals, it will be observed that 
there is a great difference in the manner 
of preparing their food for the action of 
the gastric juices. The horse chews hia 
food fine and once for all, and it is then 
passed direct into the stomach to be acted 
upon by the gastric juice. The hog, be- 
ing true to his carnivorous nature and in- 
stincts, scarcely stops to chew any food 
that can be swallowed, as he relies upon 
his powerful digestive fluids to digest all 
food that enters the stomach; but with 
the steer and sheep, we find that the 
preparatory process for the action of the 
gastric juices is of a more complex na- 
ture; the functions of the first three di- 
visions of their multiple stomach is that 




A Typical Scene in Mr. Geo. Dinsdale's Feed Lots, Palmer, Webc 
Where Standard Stock Food is Used by the Ton 



digestive canal of the steer, and then 
grow, showing that even the germinat- 
ing principle of the grain had not been 
affected. 

The fourth compartment is in reality 
the only true stomach of the four. It is 
called the abomasum or rennet, and cor- 
responds in its physiological structure 
and functions with the single stomach of 
other mammals, such as the horse and 
the hog. It is here that the real process 
of digestion takes place. Its mucous mem- 
brane is arranged in numerous large and 
small folds, and on their summits open 
the numerous ducts which excrete the 
gastric juice. 

The fourth and true stomach of the 
ruminant is very liberally supplied with 
muscular fibres and with nerves, blood 
vessels and lymphatics, and differs from 
that of other mammals, such as the horse 
and hog, only in shape and size. Their 
hystological structure and functions are 
of the same character. 



of preparing the food for the fourth and 
true stomach, where the gastric juices 
are produced. 

It must also be noted that there is a 
greater difference in the solvent power 
of the digestive fluids of the different 
animals. The digestive fluids of the horse 
and hog are much more powerful than 
those of the steer and sheep. The gastric 
juices of the hog are powerful enough to 
dissolve small and tender bones when 
taken into the stomach with other food 
elements. Pepsin, a substance largely 
used for aiding digestion in the human, is 
the active digestive principle of the gas- 
tric juice taken from the mucous mem- 
brane of the stomach of the hog. 

This great difference in the solvent 
power of the digestive fluids of farm 
animals is clearly demonstrated to the 
farmer and feeder in grain feeding. For 
example, we find that the hog will make 
a gain in weight of from ten to fifteen 
pounds from a bushel of corn, under 



Comparative Digestion in Farm Animals 



141 



proper methods of feeding, while the 
steer will only make a gain of from 
four to six pounds from a like amount 
of corn with his hay or other fibrous 
food included. These are Nature's laws 
and are worthy of careful study, in order 
that the best and most profitable re- 
sults may follow. 

Standard Stock Food appeals to the 
taste of animals and excites and stimu- 
lates the flow of all the digestive juices, 
enabling the animal to digest its feed 
more perfectly— get more good out of it 
—make it go fartlier, and produce greater 
gain. 

It makes stock thrive. 



BEST IN THIRTY YEARS. 
Portland, Minn., December 16, 1898. 

Dear Sirs; The following is the result of 
my feeding 26 steers, to which I fed STAN- 
DARD FOOD last season. I bought these 
steers in Chicago the last days in November, 
1896. They were what I call long yearlings. 
I shipped them home, and roughed them 
through the fall and winter, up to the last of 
February. They averaged 870 pounds in Chi- 
cago when I bought them. 

I was about out of hay in March, and gave 
one sack of oats a day, with straw, to the 26 
head, In about three weeks I increased this 
to two sacks of oats a day, and during the 
month of April I gave them three sacks of 
oats a. day. 

May 1st I turned them on a bluff pasture 
eight miles from my farm, where they ran 
until August 10th, when they were brought 
home and put onto pasture on the after-feed. 
October 10th I commenced feeding them two 
sacks of oats a day, and in three weeks in- 
creased to three sacks a day. November 1st 
I commenced feeding a small feed of snap- 
corn once a day, and increased gradually until 
December 1st, when I had them on a full grain 
feed. They then weighed 1,200 pounds, and 
I commenced to feed them STANDARD FOOD. 

I continued feeding in this way until May 
5th. On that date I drove them nine miles 
to Caledonia, Minnesota, where they were 
weighed. (These steers were weighed Satur- 
day, two days after they were taken out of the 
yard, and there was a large shrinkage on 
them.) They averaged 1,764 pounds. They 
were shipped to the Union Stock 
Yards in Chicago. Clay Robin- 
son & Co. sold them for $5.30. 
The next highest was one load 
at $5.25, and the next $5.10. 
They weighed in Chicago 1,730 
pounds. These steers were fed 
twice a day, at 8:30 a. m. and 
4 p. m. 

I have fed steers for thirty 
years, and have never fed any 
steers before where all of them 
were on full feed every day, 
none scouring or belching corn, 
and I never had steers do better 
than this bunch, I can recom- 
mend STANDARD FOOD to all 
feeders. I have ordered £00 
pounds of STANDARD FOOD for 
feeding this season. 

Yours very truly, 

G. M. Watson. 

One hundred pounds gain 
per month for five months. 

Topped the market; best 
in thirty years' feeding. 

We had them photo- 
graphed. and photograph 
was reproduced in Breeders' 
Oazette. 



A PAYING INVESTMENT. 
Stockham, Neb., November 26, 1902. 

I have fed Standard Stock Food off and on 
for two or three years, and, while I believed 
it paid me to do so, yet I never could tell to 
what extent. This year I determined to know 
how much value there was in it. I had 60 
April pigs that were not doing as well as I 
thought they ought. On June 9th I bought 
some Standard Food of your agent, Mr. L. E. 
Holmes, and began feeding them, with a steady 
gain, until .September 25th, On September 25tn 
I bought 200 pounds more Standard Food, 
enough to finish my entire bunch. On this date 
we also started a test feed which resulted as 
follows: 

We shut up six barrows, three in each pen. 
Both lots had the same sized yards and sheds 
and were fed exactly the same, except one had 
Standard Food and the other not. 

On September 25th Standard Food pigs 
weighed 226 pounds. 

On September 25th straight corn pigs 
weighed 233 pounds. 

On October 26th Standard Food pigs weighed 
336 pounds. 

On October 26th straight corn pigs weighed 
336 pounds. 

On November 26th Standard Food pigs 
weighed 408 Vj pounds. 

On November 26th straight corn pigs weighed 
390 pounds. 

I fed 30 cents worth of Standard Food first 
month and gained 7 pounds. 

I fed 40 cents worth of Standard Food second 
month and gained I8V2 pounds. 

It undoubtedly pays to feed Standard Food to 
hogs, when one can get from two to three dol- 
lars from every dollar invested. 

B. C. McConaughey. 
ONE HUNDRED PER CENT. 

Marquette, Neb., Nov. 17, 1902. 

The 70 head of pigs photographed to-day are 
April and May pigs. I have not pushed them 
for fat, but for growth. They will average at 
least 150 pounds. 

These pigs have been fed on alfalfa pasture, 
a small ration of corn and slop. I began feed- 
ing them Standard Food when about two months 
old, and have fed it regularly since, I have 
fed three bunches of pigs with Standard Food 
cs an additional ration from weaning- time until 
on the market. I know I can shorten up my 
feeding period at least 40 to 50 days and can 
keep them in the best of condition all the time. 

I have fed over 5,000 pounds of Standard 
Food to hogs and cattle and can say that I 
have realized over 100 per cent on money so 
invested. Yours truly, W. T. Lock. 




O-wned and Fed by G. M. 'Watson, Portland, Minn. 



142 



The Standard Feeder— Part Ten 



PART TEN 



Condensed from Farmers' Bulletin No. 22, 
U. S. Dept. of Agriculture 



THE COMPOSTION 
OF FEEDS 



It is a well understood fact that animal 
bodies are constantly changing. The very act 
iif supporting life, by lieeping up the circula- 
tion of the blood in the body, requires the ex- 
penditure of energy. This energy consumes the 
tissues of the body by burning them, exactly 
as wood is burned to produce heat or to change 
water into steam. This process uses up the 
tissues and they must be replaced by similar 
materials taken from the feed consiimed. 

The plants, fruits, or grains which we eat, 
talie from the soil and the air the materials 
from which they malje growth, and change 
their form in such a manner that they become 
nourishing food. 

From the soil the plants of every kind get 
that part of them which is left after they are 
burned. This part is called the ash. The ash 
of plants when consumed by the animal goes 
to make bones, mostly, while the other portions 
are used in making flesh and fat. 

COMPOSITION OF ANIMAL BODIES. The 
animal bodies are made up mainly of four 
classes of substances — water, ash (or mineral 
matter), fat and nitrogenous ingredients. 

Water constitutes from 40 to 60 per cent 
of the body and is an essential ingredient. 
From 2 to 5 per cent of the body is ash. The 
proportion of these ingredients varies some- 
what at different ages. 

The nitrogenous materials in the body are 
known as protein, which includes all the ma- 
terials containing nitrogen. 

All those not included in this class are called 
nitrogen — free or non-nitrogenous. 

Nitrogen, which in animal bodies is called 
protein, is the same as that found in plants, 
and is the material of which about four-flfths 
of the atmosphere is composed. 

Lean meat, the white of an egg and casein 
(the curd of milk) are the most prominent and 
familiar forms of nitrogen. 

THE SUBSTANCES IN FEEDS. The food 
of all herbivorous animals, those that live on 
grass, grain, hay or other plants, contain the 
same four groups of substances found in the 
body. Water, ash, nitrogenous materials (pro- 
tein) and fat. In addition, feeds contain a 
group of substances called carbohydrates, which 
are referred to below. The materials in all 
feeds, in varying proportions, are as follows: 

Water. All feeds, no matter how dry they 
may seem, contain water, lliis is proved by 
submitting them to a heat above 212 degrees, 
when the water is evaporated and the feed 
loses weight. This water is exactly the same 
as any other pure water, and while adding to 
the palatability of the feeds,' is of no more use 
to the animal otherwise than the water it 
drinks. 

Ash. That part of any feed material which 
is left after burning it is called the ash, as 
previously explained. This is composed of lime, 
magnesia, potash, soda, iron, chlorin and car- 
bonic, sulphuric and phosphoric acids. The di- 
gestive organs select from these materials what 
are needed by the body, and the remainder is 
carried off as waste. A mixed ration almost 
always contains enough of these for the needs 
of the animal. The ash goes to the making of 
bone. Corn is deficient in ash, and where hogs 
are fed largely on corn it may be necessary to 
feed woud ashes, ground bone or charcoal. 

Fat. The percentage of fat in a feeding stuff 
is found by subjecting a sample to the action 
of ether. This dissolves the fats, such as oils, 
together witb the wax and green coloring 



matter. This ether extract is called crude fat, 
and is stored up in the body as fat to be burned 
to supply heat and energy. 

Carbohydrates. Corbohydrates are divided 
into two groups. First, starch, sugar, gums 
and the like. These are called nitrogen-free 
extracts, because they remain in the feed after 
the nitrogen is removed. Second, the woody 
part of feeds, cellulose fiber, which constitute 
the walls of vegetable cells, but are of no 
more value as feed than wood pulp. 

Coarse feeds like hay and straw are mostly 
fiber. The grains are largely sugar, starch 
and other nitrogen-free materials. The carbo- 
hydrates compose the largest part of all veg- 
etable foods, and are one of the principal 
sources from which animals derive their fat. 

Protein. This is the most important and 
costly part of all the feeds. It is composed 
of the nitrogenous materials in feeds, being 
derived from the nitrogen they contain. 

From the protein in their feed animals get 
the materials from which to build up lean meat, 
tendons, skin, hair, hoofs, horns, wool, etc. 
Carbohydrates cannot be made to take the place 
of protein, and an animal deprived of protein 
would starve to death, no matter how much 
carbohydrates it consumed; but if we feed an 
animal freely on protein and a little carbo- 
hydrates, the excess of protein will be con- 
sumed in supplying heat and energy, and thus 
takes the place of carbohydrates. 

Fat is more valuable than carbohydrates in 
producing heat and energy. It is usually con- 
sidered two and one-fourth times as valuable, 
but by some it is valued at two and four-tenths 
the value of carbohydrates. The fat in an 
animal comes from the fat and carbohydrates 
consumed in the feed, and may come from the 
protein consumed, if the other feed elements 
are deficient. 

IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER. It is impor- 
tant to keep in mind thi- following facts: Car- 
bohydrates can never take the place of protein. 

Protein can take the place of carbohydrates 
when the latter are deficient in the feed con- 
sumed. 

Protein is always more costly than carbo- 
hydrates. 

It is frequently good economy to feed more 
carbohydrates than are needed, in order tf> get 
the necessary protein. This is the case when 
ordinary farm feeds are low priced. 

DIGESTIBILITY OF FEEDS. All of the nu- 
trients in feeds are not digestible. Those por- 
tions not digestible are carried off through the 
bowels as waste. A part of the feed is dis- 
solved by the saliva and digestive juices of the 
stomach and formed into a substance called 
chyle, which is absorbed into the blood and 
from the blood goes to nourish the various parts 
of the body. This we say is digested and as- 
similated. 

The different feeds have different degrees of 
digestibility and each different feed differs to 
some extent in digestibility under varying con- 
ditions and at different times. The figures 
given in the table on the next page are the aver- 
age of those made up from a large number of 
experiments, and may be accepted as approxi- 
mately correct. 

For Instance, of clover hay 60 per cent of 
protein, 55 per cent of nitrogen-free extract, 
and 55 per cent of the fat is digested. The 
table (No. 1) shows the average clover hay to 
contain 12.3 per cent of protein, or 12..S pounds 
In 100 pounds. As only 60 per cent of this is 
digested, ICO pounds of closer hay would con 



Composition of Feeds 



143 



TABLE 1 —Dry Matter and Digestible Food Ingredients in 100 lbs, of Feeding Stuffs 



Feeding Stuff. 



Green Fodder: 

Corn fodder (average of all varieties) 

K.afir-corn fodder 

Rye fodder 

Oat fodder 

Redtop, in bloom 

Orchard grass, in bloom 

Timothy, at different stages 

Kentucky blue grass 

Red clover, at different stages 

Alfalfa, at different stages 

Cow pea 

Soy bean 

Rape , 

Corn Silage (recent analyses 

Corn fodder, field cured 

Coor stover, field cured 

K.afir-corn stover, field cured 

Hay Ircm — 

Barley 

Oars 

Orchard grass 

Redtop 

Timothy, (aluanalyses) 

Kentucky blue grass 

Red clover 

Alsike clover 

White clover 

Alfalfa 

Cow Pea 

Soy bean 

Wheat straw 

Rye straw 

Oat straw 

Soy-bean straw 

Roots and tubers: 

Potatoes 

Beets — 

Mangel-wurzels 

Turnips 

Ruta-bagas 

Carrots 

Grains and other seeds: 

Corn (average of dent and flint) 

Kafir corn , 

Barley 

Oats 

Rye 

Wheat (all varieties) 

Cotton seed (whole) 

Mill products: 

Corn meal 

Corn-and-cob-meal 

Oatmeal 

Barley meal 

Pea meal 

Waste products; -^ 

Gluten meal— Buffalo 

Gluten feed (recent analyses) 

Malt sprouts 

Brewers' grains (wet) 

Brewers' grains (dried) 

Distillery grains (dried), principally corn 
Distillery grains (dried), principally rye.. 

Rye bran 

Wheat bran, all analyses 

Wheat middlings 

Wheat shorts 

Cotton-seed meal 

Cotton-seed hulls 

Linseed meal (old process) 

Linseed meal (new process) 

Sugar-beet iiulp (fresh) 

Sugar-beet pulp (dry) 

Milk and its by-products: 

Whole milk 

Skim milki cream raised by setting 

Skim milk, cream raised by separator... 

Buttermilk 

Whey 



Total Dry 
Matter. 


PrntPin Carbohy 
Protein ^^^^^^ 


Fat. 1 


Fuel 
Value. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Founds. 


Calories. 


20.7 


1.10 


12.08 


0.37 


26,076 


27.0 


0.87 


13.80 


0.43 


29,101 


23.4 


2.05 


14.11 


0.44 


81,914 


37.8 


2.44 


17.99 


0.97 


42,' 193 


34.7 


2.06 


21.24 


0.58 


45,785 


27.0 


1.91 


15.91 


0.58 


35,593 


38.4 


2.01 


21.22 


0.64 


45,909 


34.9 


2.66 


17.78 


0.69 


40,930 


29.2 


3.07 


14.82 


0.69 


36,187 


28.2 


3.89 


11.20 


0.41 


29,798 


16.4 


1.68 


8.08 


0.25 


19,209 


28.5 


2.79 


11.82 


0.63 


29,833 


14.3 


2.16 


8.65 


0.32 


21.457 


25. t) 


1.21 


14.56 


0.88 


33,046 


57.8 


2.34 


32.34 


1.15 


69,358 


59.5 


1.98 


33.16 


0.57 


67,766 


80.8 


1.82 


41.42 


0.98 


84,562 


89.4 


5 11 


35.94 


1.55 


82,894 


84.0 


4.07 


33.35 


1.67 


76,649 


90.1 


4.78 


41.99 


1.40 


92,900 


91.1 


4.82 


46.83 


0.95 


100,078 


86.8 


2.89 


43.72 


1.43 


92,729 


78.8 


4.76 


37.46 


1.99 


86,927 


84.7 


7.38 


38.15 


1.81 


92,324 


90.3 


8.15 


41.70 


1.36 


98,460 


90.3 


11.46 


41.82 


1.48 


105,346 


91.6 


10.58 


37.33 


1.38 


94,936 


89.3 


10.79 


38.40 


1.51 


97,865 


88.7 


10.78 


38.72 


1.54 


98,569 


90.4 


0.37 


36.30 


0.40 


69,894 


92.9 


0.63 


40.58 


0.38 


78,254 


90.8 


1.20 


38.64 


0.76 


77,310 


89.9 


2.30 


39.98 


1.03 


82,987 


21.1 
13.0 


1.36 
1.21 


16.43 

8.84 




83,089 


0.05 


18,904 


9.1 


1.03 


5 65 


0.11 


12,889 


9.5 


0.81 


6.46 


0.11 


18,986 


11.4 


0.88 


7.74 


0.11 


16,497 


11.4 


0.81 


7.83 


0.22 


16,999 


89.1 


7.14 


66.12 


4.97 


157,237 


87.5 


5.78 


53.58 


1.33 


116,022 


89.1 


8.69 


64.83 


1.60 


143,499 


89.0 


9.25 


48.34 


4.18 


124,757 


88.4 


9.12 


69.73 


1.36 


152,400 


89.5 


10.23 


69.21 


1.68 


154,848 


89.7 


11.08 


33.13 


18.44 


160,047 


85.0 


6.26 


65.26 


3.50 


147,797 


84.9 


4.76 


60.06 


2.94 


132,972 


92.1 


11.53 


52.06 


5.93 


143,302 


88.1 


7.36 


62.88 


1.96 


138,918 


89.5 


10.77 


51.78 


0.65 


130,246 


91.8 


21.56 


43.02 


11.87 


170,210 


9L9 


19.95 


54.22 


5.35 


160,533 


89.8 


18.72 


43.50 


1.16 


120,624 


24.3 


4.00 


9.37 


1.38 


30,692 


92 


19.04 


31.79 


6.03 


119,990 


93.0 


21.93 


38.09 


10.83 


157,340 


93.2 


10.38 


42.48 


6.38 


125,243 


88.2 


11.47 


52.40 


1.79 


126,352 


88.5 


12.01 


4L23 


2.87 


111,138 


84.0 


12.79 


53.15 


3.40 


136,996 


88.2 


12.22 


49.98 


3.83 


131,855 


91.8 


37.01 


16,52 


12.. ^S 


1.52,653 


88.9 


1.05 


32 21 


1.89 


69,839 


90.8 


28.76 


32.81 


7.06 


144,313 


90.1 


30.59 


38.72 


2.90 


141,155 


10.1 
93.6 


0.63 
6.80 


7.12 
65.49 




14,415 




134,459 

30,829 


12.8 


3.38 


4.80 


3.70 


9.6 


3.10 


4.61 


0.90 


18.139 


9.4 


3.01 


5.10 


0.30 


16,351 


9.0 


2.82 


4.70 


0.50 


16,097 


6.2 


0.56 


5.00 


0.10 


10,764 



144 



The Standard Feeder — Part Ten 



tain only 7.38 pounds of digestible protein. The 
remaining 4.92 pounds are carried off through 
the bowels as waste, and do not aid in nour- 
ishing the animal. The amounts of digestible 
carbohydrates and fat are calculated in the 
same way. 

The calculations have been made for 100 
pounds of each kind of feed. American analyses 
have been used in making up the feeding values. 

While the dry matter in each loO pounds 
of feed is given in the first column, the diges- 
tible nutrients given are the amounts found in 
loo pounds of feed as it is usually fed. 

FUEL VALUE. In the last column of the 
preceding table is given the fuel value of the 
various feed stuffs. 

The value of feed for supplying animal heat 
and vital energy is measured by its fuel value, 
and it is said to contain so man.v "heat units"' 
or "calories." A calorie of heat is the quan- 
tity recjuired to raise the temperature of one 
pound of water four degrees. Thus the fuel 
value of one pound of digestible fat is esti- 
mated to be about 4,220 calories, and of a 
pound of digestible protein or carbohydrates to 
be about 1,860 calories. 

It has been found that an animal of a given 
weight requires feed that contains a certain 
number of heat units or calories. 

The table shows us how many calories are 
contained in 100 pounds of a given feed stuff. 
If we make up a ration containing enough pro- 
tein, and add enough coarse feed to make up 
the required number of calories, we have a ra- 
tion sufficiently close to the standard to meet 
all practical requirements. 

QUANTITY OF FEED. Different animals 
require different quantities of feed, and the 
same animal requires different <iuautities at 
dift'erent times. 

An ox standing in a stall does not require as 
much feed in a day as one that is being worked, 
if both are of the same weight, nor does a cow 
weighing 1,000 pounds and giving eight quarts 
of milk a day require as much feed as one of 
the same weight giving twelve quarts a day. 

BALANCED RATIONS, The quantity of feed 
required to feed a given animal one day is 
called a "ration." When this ration has the 
proper quantity of protein, carbohydrates and 
fat it is called a "balanced ration." The fol- 
lowing table gives the proper quantities of 
protein, carbohydrates and fat for 1,000 pounds, 
live weight, of the different animals named 
under the conditions given. Remember the ra- 
tion is for twenty-four hours' requirements, and 
for 1,000 pounds. Thus it might mean for one 
steer weighing 1,000 pounds, 10 sheep weighing 
100 pounds each, or 20 pigs weighing 50 pounds 
each, 

(See Table on page 145.) 

16 POUNDS GAINED FROM A BUSHEL OF 
CORN. 

Forty fat shoats, in fine condition, being fed 
4 bushels corn each day, fed on a short blue- 
grass pasture. 

Without Standard Food: 

July 19, average 150y2 Its,, total 6.020 lbs. 

July r.9, average 160 'l. lbs., total 6,4£0 lbs. 

Gained from one bu. corn in 10 days, 10 lbs. 
worth 35c. 

Fed the same with addition of Standard 
Food: 

July 29, average 160 V2 Its,, total 6,420 lbs, 

Aug. 8, average ITeVa lbs,, total 7,0E5 lbs, 

Gained from one bu. corn in 10 days, 16 lbs. 
worth 56c. 

10 days' gain from 40 bu, with Standard 
Food, 635 lbs. 

10 davs' gain from 40 bu. without Standard 
Food, 400 lbs, 



CALCULATING RATIONS. Suppose we de- 
sired to make a balanced ration for a steer 
weighing 1,000 pounds, in the first part of the 
fattening period, and have corn, alfalfa, oats 
and bran on hand for making the ration. We 
estimate a trial ration of 15 pounds of shelled 
corn, 9 pounds alfalfa hay, 3 pounds oats, and 
one pound of bran, and figure out the value of 
each. By referring to Table 1, we find that 
15 pounds of shelled corn contains 1.07 pounds 
proteiu. 9.91 pounds carbohydrates, ,75 pounds 
fat, and that the fuel value is 23,587 calories. 
We figure the alfalfa, oats and bran in the 
same way, and find that the combination makes 
a ration as follows: 

Carbo- Fuel 

Protein hydrates Fat Valui' 

lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. 

15 lbs. Shelled Corn. 1.07 9.91 .75 23,587 

9 lbs. Alfalfa Hay.. .95 3..35 .12 S,.544 

3 lbs, Oats 29 1.44 .12 3.744 

1 lb. Bran 12 .41 .002 1.111 

2.43 15.11 .99 .36.986 

Standard Ration.. 2.50 15.00 .50 34.650 

As far as nutrients are concerned, the above 
ration is very nearly a balanced ration; cer- 
tainly near enough for all practical purposes. 

With the two tables we give anyone can 
compound rations without trouble. Table I. 
gives tne digestible nutrients in each kind 
of feed, and Table II. shows how much of each 
class of nutrients is required for animals of 
various ages under various conditions, and for 
each 1,000 pounds of live weight. 

In finding the amount of each kind of nutri- 
ent in the feeds used in the above ration, we 
first referred to Table I, and ascertained the 
amount of each nutrient contained in 100 pounds 
of shelled corn. As we use 10 pounds for the 
ration, we take one-tenth of the quantities 
given in the table. This is found by multiply- 
ing the decimal fractions by .1 (one-tenth). As 
we use 9 pounds of alfalfa hay, we multiply 
the figures given in the table by .09 (nine- 
hundredths) to find the amount of each kind of 
nutrient contained in the 9 pounds. 

There is no fixed rule by which a ration may 
be computed. The only way is to make up a 
ration, figure out the nutrients in it and com- 
pare them with the standard ration as given in 
Table II. 

In making up a ration that is balanced ac- 
cording to feeding standards, the cost, palat- 
ableness and adaptability must always be con- 
sidered. 

The feeding of Standard Stock Food with 
any ration does not perceptibly Increase the 
amount of any kind of nutrient because of the 
small amount of it fed. Therefore, it does not 
help to balance the ration. It serves a better 
purpose. It makes the feed ration more palat- 
able, easier digested and better assimilated. 

It makes stock thrive. 



Extra gain in pork, 235 Ib^. 
Worth on the market at $3.50 for pork, $3,22. 
Cost of extra food, $2.50. 
Profit in extra gain, $5.72. 
Test continued Aug. 8th to 18th. Gain from 
each bushel of corn fed, under same circnm- 
stances, was ISVz lbs. of pork. 

C. H. Cowdin, 
Markham, Morgan County, 111. 

EXPERIENCE TEACHES. 

Herman, Nebr., March 19, 1904, 
This is to certify that I have used the Stand- 
ard Food for four years and am well pleased 
with what it has done for me, I have fed it 
to cattle, hogs and milk cows with good re- 
sults. Have never made a scale test, but would 
advise anyone to use it. I have bought 500 
lbs, more today. Joseph Olson, 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



Composition of Feeds 



US 



TABLE II — Sho-wing amounts of nutrients per 1.000 
pounds live -weight for a day's feeding 



Animal 



Oxen: 

At rest in stall 

At light work 

At medium work 

At heavy work 

Fattening cattle: 

First period 

Second period 

Third period 

Milch cows: 

Giving 11 lbs milk a day 

Giving 16% lbs. milk a day .. 

Giving 22 lbs. milk a day 

Giving 21}i lbs. milk a day.. 
Sheep: 

Coarse wool 

Fine wool 

Breeding ewes, with lambs 

Fattening sheep: 

First period 

Second period 

Horses: 

T.ight work 

Medium work 

Heavy work 

Brood sows 

Fattening swine: 

First period 

Second period 

Third period 

Growing cattle; 

Dairy breeds — 

2 to 3 months old, weighing 
about 1.501bs 

3 to 6 months old, weighing 
about 3001bs 

6 to 12 months old, weigh- 
ing about 500 lbs 

12 to 18 months old, weigh- 
ing about 700 lbs 

18 to 24 months old, weigh- 
ing about 900 Jbs 

Beef breeds: 

2 to 3 months old, weighing 
about 160 lbs 

3 to 6 months old, weighing 
aboutSSOlbs 

6 to 12 months old, weigh- 
ing about 550 lbs 

12 to 18 months old, weigh- 
ing about 750 lbs 

18 to 24 months old, weigh- 
ing about 950 lbs 

Growing sheep: 

4 to 6 months old, weighing 

^ about601bs 

6 to 8 months old, weighing 

about SO lbs 

8 to 11 months old, weighing 
aboutlOOIbs 

11 to 15 months old, weighing 
about 120 lbs 

15 to 20 months old, weighing 

about ISOlbs 

Growing swine: 

2 to 3 months old, weighing 
about 501bs 

3 to 5 months old, weighing 
about 100 lbs 

5 to 6 months old, weighing 
about 150 lbs 

6 to 8 months old, weighing 
about200 lbs 

9 to 12 months old, weighing 
about 2001bs 



Total 
Dry 
mat- 
ter 



Lis. 
18 
22 
25 



30 
30 
26 

25 

27 
29 
32 

20 
23 
25 

30 

28 

20 
24 

26 
22 

36 
32 
25 



Digest'le nutrients 



P. 


C. 


Lis. 


Lis. 


0-7 


8.0 


1.4 


10.0 


2 


11.5 


2.8 


13.0 


2.5 


15 


8.0 


14.5 


2.7 


15.0 


1.6 


10 


2.0 


11.0 


2.5 


13.0 


3 3 


13.0 


1.2 


10.5 


1.5 


12.0 


2.9 


15.0 


3.0 


15.0 


3.5 


14.5 


1.5 


9.5 


2.0 


11.0 


2.5 


13.3 


2.5 


15.5 


4,5 


25.0 


4 


24.0 


2.7 


18.0 



4.0 


13.0 


3 


12.? 


2.0 


12.5 


1.8 


12.5 


1.5 


12.0 


4.2 


13.0 


3.5 


12.8 


2.5 


13.2 


2.0 


12.5 


1-8. 


12.0 


4.4 


15.5 


3.5 


15.0 


3.0 


14.3 


2.2 


12.6 


2 


12.0 


7.6 


23.0 


5.0 


23.1 


4.3 


22.3 


3.6 


20.5 


3 


18.3 



Lis. 
0.1 
0.3 
0.5 
0.8 

0.5 
0.7 
0.7 

0.3 
0.4 
0.5 
0.8 

0.2 
0.3 
0.5 

0.5 
0.6 

0.4 
0.6 

0.8 
0.4 

0.7 
0.5 
0.4 



2.0 
1,0 
0.5 
0.4 
0.3 

2.0 
1.5 
0.7 
5 

0.4 

0.9 
0.7 
0.5 
0.5 
0.4 

1.0 

0.8 
0.6 
0.4 
0.3 



Fuel 
Value 



Calories 
16,600 
22,500 
27,200 
32,755 

34,650 
35,,500 
35,900 

22,850 
25,850 
30,9.50 
33,700 

22,600 
2rt,40O 
35,400 

85,600 
36,000 

22,150 
26,700 
32,750 
35,170 

57,800 
54.200 
40,200 



40,050 
33,600 
29,100 
28,300 
26,350 

40,450 
36,650 
32,150 
29,100 
27,350 

40,800 
37,3.50 
34,300 
29,650 
27.7.50 

70,4.50 
55,650 
52,000 
46,E00 
40,900 



/".—Protein. C— Carbohydrates. F.-Fat. 



W^hy Standard 
Stock Food is the 
Best Stock Food 
in the World 

It isn't so simply be- 
cause we say so. 

It isn't merely because 
we make it. 

We say so, because it 
is so and it is so because 
we make it so. 

No other manufacturer 
of stock food has so good 
a formula. 

No other manufacturer 
of stock food uses so ex- 
pensive materials. 

No other manufacturer 
is in so close touch with 
the live stock interests of 
the country. 

No other manufacturer 
knows so well what live 
stock need and stockmen 
require. 

We have had twenty 
years experience — and wc 
do the very best we know 
how. 

And that's why Stand- 
ard Stock Food is the best 
stock food in the world. 



IT MAKES 
Stock Thrive 



146 



The Standard Feeder — Part Ten 



W- "' 


Jgl 


R 


b^ 


r^r%^^«r^ 




WW»i 





The Beautiful Home and Some Fine Stock Belcsging to Harlan Burge 



GAINS 3 LBS. PER DAY. 

Bedford, la., Oct, 5, 1903. 

Gentlemen: I take pleasure in giving: you 
some facts and figures regarding the bunch of 
cattle shown in the picture sent you. These 
cattle, forty-three in number, weighed when 
put into the feed lot, March 15, 1903, 950 lbs. 
per head. They were on full feed until sold, 
July 27th, when they weighed 1,346 lbs., show- 
ing a gain of ninety lbs. per month, or three 
lbs. per head per day. I never had cattle do 
better. They sold for $4.85 per cwt. at home, 
with a three per cent, shrink. 

I have fed Standard Food for the last four 
years, feeding during that time about 4,000 
lbs., and I consider it a valuable addition to 
the grain ration. I am now feeding Standard 
Food to forty-one head of cattle and 100 hogs, 
and I intend feeding it during the coming 
winter. My cattle are now making a gain of 
100 lbs, per head per month. 
Yours truly, 

Harlan Burge. 

We refer to this letter with considera- 
ble pride, because it bears evidence of the 
entire satisfaction of an old customer 
who has fed Standard Food long enough 



and in quantities sufficient to prove its 
wortli. We know Mr. Burge must feel a 
pardonable pride in the ownership of the 
beautiful home with its pleasant sur- 
roundings which is pictured here. It is 
an index of what thrift and industry 
will produce in the great corn belt. 

WHERE OTHERS FAIL. 

Albion, Neb., June 13, 1903. 

About Nov. 20, 1902, I bought of your agent- 
P. C. McDonald, 2,000 lbs. of Standard Food 
and fed it to 150 head of cattle. They were 
rough Western cattle when put in, and when 
I shipped them to Chicago in May they were 
sleek and fat. 

I am well satisfied with the Food and when- 
ever I feed cattle for market I will use Stan- 
dard Food, as I think it does what you claim 
for it — "Makes stock do better, look better, 
sell better." 

I have also fed it to horses for a long time 
with good results. Wishing you every success, 
I remain, Yours truly, 

D. J. Gates. 



■'..-. • -•"■» 






tf^EHH^^^^^H^^^^^H 


^ 


HK^' 




„..Z^^^W 




K&9f^T^lB|^H|BMH 






*■ ■■^ ■■n?1 


_ 


,^^k4" ^'1) 


^ 




> ^^^^^^H 


^^ 


^^/^ 


■■ 


■^ jf. -^ ^^M 



■Western Cattle Finished With Standard Food by D. J. Gates 



The Farmer's Poultry 



147 




PART ELEVEN 

THE FARMER'S POULTRY 



n 



ilTS PROFITS. Nothing grows into 
money more quiclcly tlian Poultry, 
and nothing can be kept on the 

, , farm that will make better returns 

tor good care in the way of housing and 
feeding. 

Chickens pick up waste grain about the 
farm, hunt and destroy many injurious 
insects and turn these into good money. 
They add to the revenue of the farm, 
while it is being used for crops and other 
stock to the limit of 'ts capacity. 

The Best Ration 

It has been established that corn and 
wheat are the two best grains for laying 
hens, oats being a close third. Wheat 
bran is a good feed, as it is rich in the 
phosphates that go into the yolk of the 
eggs and the lime that goes to make 
shells, but there are not enough of these 
needed materials in anj' farm-grown feed 
to produce the best results in winter. 

A hen is a machine for the manufacture 
of eggs, and unless we furnish her with 
the materials that go to make eggs, we 
cannot expect her to manufacture them. 
It has been found, in all careful expe- 
riments, that highly concentrated feeds 
are most advantageous in inducing hens 
to lay, especially in winter. 

Standard Poultry Food is the most con- 
centrated and most perfectly compounded 
Poultry Food ever manufactured. It is 
the result of many years of experience in 
making concentrated foods for live stock. 
It is like Standard Stock Food in pro- 
moting digestion and assimilation, with 
the further advantage of furnishing ex- 
actly those elements needed to promote 
the greatest possible egg-production. Oys- 
ter shell meal, bone meal and dried and 
ground beef, together with various roots 

I and spices all very finely ground and 
mixed in proportions that long study of 
the matter has shown will produce the 
best possible results, are used in making 
this Food. 

Standard Poultry Food is sold at a low 
price and no poultry owner can afford 
to leave it out of the feeds he uses. It 
gives the combs the blood red color of 
perfect health, and causes chicks to ma- 



ture quickly and perfectly. This gives 
the owner the advantage of getting his 
early chickens into market in the quick- 
est possible time, and causes the pullets 
to mature quickly and begin to lay young. 
Mrs. Hansel, of Loup City, Nebraska, 
a farmer's wife, who has become known 
the world over on account of the per- 
formance of her hens in the great Aus- 
tralian Laying Competition, is a con- 
stant user of Standard Poultry Food, and 
to it she attributes much of her success, 
a success that has made sales for her 
both in this country and in foreign lands. 

Pure Bred Poultry 

While a very large number of pure- 
bred fowls are kept on the farms of this 
country, only a small number, compara- 
tively, keep pure-bred stock. 

But Pure-bred Poultry is just as much 
more valuable than scrub stock, as pure- 
bred cattle are better than native stock, 
and everyone should endeavor to improve 
his stock as rapidly as possible. 

Almost any flock of fowls may be 
graded up very rapidly by the use of 
pure-bred males, and, as it only takes a 
year to breed a generation, the persistent 
use of pure-bred males of the chosen 
breed will make the flock practically 
pure-bred in appearance and productive- 
ness in four or five years. A new male 
should be bought each year, and the 
grade pullets only, used as breeders. 

Selecting a Breed 

Selecting a breed is largely a matter of 
fancy, for all the recognized breeds have 
merits, altho some of them are better 
than others for the farm. 

The American Poultry Association, a 
large association of breeders of pure- 
bred poultry, is the only recognized au- 
thority in this country in deciding ques- 
tions concerning the breeds of Poultry. 
This association decides what breeds shall 
be recognized as pure-bred and what the 
color and shape shall be. It has divided 
Poultry into several classes, as follows: 

American Class, which includes the 
Wyandottes, Plymouth Rocks, Javas and 
Rhode Island Reds; 



148 



The Standard Feeder — Part Eleven 



Asiatic Class, which includes the Brah- 
mas, Cochins and Langshans; 

Mediterranean Class, which is composed 
of all the varieties of Leghorns, The An- 
dalusians. The White-Faced Black Span- 
ish and The Anconas; 

Polish Class, a class of ornamental 
fowls, characterized by heavy top-knots 
or crowns. This breed is given its name 
because of its top-knots, which formerly 
were called "polls"; 

English Class, which includes the Dork- 
ings and the Orpingtons; 

French Class, which includes the Hou- 
dar.s. La Fleche, and Creve Couers; 

Hamburgh Class, which includes all the 
varieties of the Hamburgs. 

Besides these, there are the Game, Ban- 
tam, Miscellaneous, Duck, Turkey and 
Geese, each having a Class. 

The most popular breeds of chickens in 
this country are, first, Plymouth Rocks; 
second, Wyandottes; third, White Leg- 
horns; and fourth, Brown Leghorns. 
After these come tlie Orpingtons, a new 
breed recently perfected in England and 
introduced into this country, 

'A'^^u^ "^^ - —''"* 




The Wyandottes, Plymouth Rocks and 
Orpingtons are usually called general pur- 
pose fowls and the Leghorns are known 
as egg-machines of the first class. All 
the great egg-farms of this country are 
stocked with White or Brown Leghorns, 
and they undoubtedly lay more eggs in a 
year than any other breed. 

The Plymouth Rocks, White and 
Barred, are in the lead, and the Barred 
Plymouth Rock is found oftenest on the 
farms of this country. It is an excellent, 
all-'round breed, laying a good number of 
eggs, attaining good size, hardy and ac- 
tive. 

The Poultry House 

A plain Poultry house is just as good, 
and often much better, than one that has 
numerous "fancy fixings" connected with 
it. As good a plan as can be followed is 
to build a plain, square or oblong, box- 
like house, facing the South, providing 
windows of good size for the south side. 
Twelve feet is a handy width, and it 
should be long enough to contain about 
four square feet of floor room for each 



fowl kept in it. This would make a house 
12x16 feet, large enough for about ' 50 
fowls, and allow them room enough to 
move about easily, even when confined 
during the day. 

If the front of each house is eight feet 
six inches high and the back three feet 
lower, it will be high enough to allow 
moving about in it freely, and at the 
same time be more easily kept warm by 
the animal heat from the bodies of the 
fowls. 

The windows should be made so as to 
slide to one side, and should be guarded 
by wire netting, fastened to the outside 
of the building, so the windows may be 
left entirely open during the warm 
weather. Unless the weather is quite 
cold, a small space for ventilation should 
be left at each window during the night 
time. 

The perches should all be of the same 
height from the floor and six inches un- 
der them a platform should be built to 
catch the droppings. The nest boxes, 
perches and all interior accessories 
should be so arranged that they can 
easily be taken outside to clean the house. 
Do not allow the jjerches to rest upon or 
touch the side walls at any point, as thi.-? 
gives the red mites or ticks that are sn 
troublesome, a chance to crawl on th<> 
walls and hide in the cracks. 

Cover the building, sides and tops, with 
the cheapest flooring procurable, that has 
no loose knots in it. Have this dressed 
on both sides and nail it securely in 
place. After the flooring is laid on the 
roof, put a good roof of shingles or other 
roofing over it, and line the inside of the 
sides with thick building paper. The 
roof will need no lining as it will be 
tight enough without. 

While a Southern exposure is prefer- 
able, an Eastern front is good, as it al- 
lows the early morning sun to shine in 
during the winter. Be certain that the 
house stands where it will always be dry 
inside. If the location is dry enough, a 
dirt floor, raised six inches above the 
common level, by filling in, to prevent 
dampness from getting in, will be found 
the best. 

Keep the floor, whether of dirt or wood, 
always covered with litter of some kind, 
such as short straw, chaff or leaves. 
Keep the Poultry house clean, and white- 
wash the inside three or four times a 
year. This will kill insects to some ex- 
tent, make it lighter inside and purify 
the air. 

Feeding 

Poultry should be liberally fed, but, ex- 
cept when being fattened, hens should 
not be given ajl they will eat, or they 
will become so fat that they will not lay 
well. 

The best rule is to watch the flock care- 
fully and feed a little less than would 
be eaten at once, or, still better, feed 



The Farmer's Poultry 



149 



all the ^raln by scattering it in litter 
on the floor of the house, or out of doors, 
and make the hens scratch it out. This 
will keep them busy, give them the exer- 
cise they need and compel them to eat 
slowly. 

Laying hens should be fed a mash in 
the morning, made of wheat bran, one 
part, and wheat middlings, or shorts, two 
parts, to which add as much Standard 
Poultry Food as the directions call for. 
Mix these dry and then dampen with hot 
water, stirring the mixture well so every 
part will become equally damp. Do not 
make the mash too wet. It should con- 
tain just enough water to make the mass 
a crumbly dough. Feed in a trough early 
in the morning and later give half a feed 
of oats, barley or wheat. About an hour 
before sunset in summer, and half an 
hour earlier in winter, give a full feed of 
corn. It is well, at this time, to give as 
much as the hens will eat, and if a little 
is left in the litter, it will keep them 
scratching early in the morning until they 
get their regular morning mash. 

Furnish pure water where the hens can 
get it at any time and have a pile of 
gravel or a box of some kind of grit, 
where they can get to it. 

In winter green feed in the shape of 
cabbage, chopped up turnips, potatoes or 
beets should be furnished every day or 
two. In summer, farm poultry will get 
all the green stuff necessary. If veg- 
etables cannot be had for them during 
the winter, the litter from clover or al- 
falfa hay is just as good. Clover, or al- 
falfa hay, chopped into short lengths or 
cut fine in a feed cutter, is fully as good 
as any green feed that can be given to 
fowls. 

Standard Poultry Food is absolutely 
necessary to the best results. Hens to 
which it is regularly fed, will lay in 
winter when eggs are high-priced and 
very profitable. 

The Care of Young Poultry 

Young Poultry of all kinds is easily 
raised and kept in perfect vigor, making 



WILL STAND BY IT. 
South Omaha, Nebr., Sept. 9th, 1904. 

I will now write to you of the results of 
using Standard Poultry Food for the last sev- 
eral months. 

With just about the same number of hens 
laying they have beaten 1903 a good deal. In 
May, 1903, they laid 447 eggs, in June 442, in 
July 282 and in August 280, making a total of 
1,431 laid in the four months named. In May, 
1904, they laid 705, in June 550, in July 460 
and in August 397, so that they have laid in 
the four months named, 2,112 eggs, beating the 
same period of 1903 by 681 eggs. 

I will say that I fed the hens about the 
same as last year. They were in the same 
yards and henhouse and were largely Hamburgs 
and Minorcas, the same as last year." 

If you wish to make use of this statement, 
you can make it as strong as you wish and I 
will stand for it. Yours truly, 

F. A, Agnew, 
Atty. at Law. 



rapid growth and maturing quickly, if fed 
Standard Poultry Food from the first. 
Standard Poultry Food being an egg- 
making food, is perfectly adapted to pro- 
moting growth in young chicks, as the 
egg is a perfect food in itself. Anything 
that will moke hens lay will make chicks 
grow thriftily and rapidly. 

Give the chicks a mash, made as for 
laying hens, of wheat bran, middlings and 
Standard Poultry Food, once a day, and 
frequently during the day, after the 
morning feed, cracked wheat and cracked 
corn in about the proportion of two parts 
of wheat to one of corn. 

After two weeks, the chicks can be 
given whole wheat, but will not be able 
to swallow whole corn for several 
weeks. 

The rule in feeding young poultry is to 
feed often and little at a time. If this 
is followed, there will be very little 
trouble with disease in the flocks. 

Young chicks may be allowed to run out 
and follow their mother after three or 
four days, if the weather is fine, but 
young turkeys should be kept confined 
for three or four weeks, giving- them a 
small yard to run in, moving this fre- 
quently. 

Young ducks, hatched by hens, must be 
kept confined until they learn to follow 
the mother hen, and then, if there is a 
stream near at hand, they are likely to 
desert the mother and take to the water. 

Strange as it may seem, young ducks 
are easily drowned in a hard rain, and 
should be prevented from getting their 
backs wet until the feathers begin to 
show through the down. 

Turkeys are rather hard to raise but 
proper attention to feeding and Standard 
Stock Food will bring them through. 
They should be given, for a few days, 
the curd made by slowly heating sour 
milk or buttermilk. Squeeze this curd 
dry and mix with it a little Standard 
Poultry Food, gradually increasing the 
quantity of the Food until the full 
amount is given. Provide them with 
good, sharp grit and be careful that they 

MRS. HANSEL'S HENS WIN AGAIN. 
Loup City, Neb., July 9, 1901. 

Gentlemen: It gives me much pleasure to 
inform you that my pen of Rose Comb Brown 
Leghorn pullets are leading again "n the great 
International Egg Laying Contest now being 
held in Australia, taking second place the first 
month and leading the entire one hundred pens 
at the end of the second month. These pullets 
were fed on your Standard Poultry Food from 
baby chicks up to the time they were shipped 
to Australia, and I thinlt are showing what well 
bred, properly fed stock can do, I know you 
will be pleased with the fine record they arc 
mailing. 

I have used your Poultry Food ever since it 
was put on the market and have only words of 
praise for it. I have a fine let of young stock 
on hand and use your Poultry Food every day 
and with the best results, and can recommend 
it to all raisers of poultry as the cheapest as 
well as the best poultry food on the market. 
Yours respectfully, 

Mrs. A, H. Hansel, 



150 



The Standard Feeder — Part Eleven 



do not get wet, and that they have a dry- 
place to sleep. Treat them carefully for 
two or three weeks, and then gradually 
accustom them to running out in fine 
weather, and presently they will become 
the hardiest fowls on the farm. 

One Cause of Failure 

It is perfectly safe to say that more 
than one-half the failures to make poul- 
try pay a handsome profit is due to the 
presence of lice and mites. In a large 
majority of cases where young chicks do 
not do well and old fowls die of obscure 
diseases, the trouble is to be accounted 
for by the presence of these little pests. 

The poultry mite, or tick, is usually 
called the red louse. It is not really a 
louse, but a minute tick and gets its 
common name because, where they are 
found, in a poultryhouse or chicken 
coop, about one in one hundred is red 
from the fact that it is full of blood 
sucked from the fowls. Your fowls can- 
not possibly thrive unless you get rid of 
these pests. 

Standard Insect Pcwder 

Standard Insect Powder is certain death 
to all these forms of insect life, and may 
be applied by dusting the fowls with it 
after they have gone to roost. Such an 
application will kill all the insects that 
are on their bodies, but as it may miss a 
good many of those hidden in the walls, 
the application should be repeated for 
several days. 

CHICKENS STOPPED DYING. 

Ridgeway, Mo., March 29, 1904. 
Gentlemen: A few mouths ago many of my 
chickens were dying. Hearing of Standard 
Poultry Food, I purchased a 4 lb,, box from my 
home dealer. After giving this to them I lost 
very few chickens. My hens are in a healthy 
condition, and I feel safe in recommending it 
to any one interested in poultry. 

Enoch D. Ejnery. 

FEOM 3 TO 27 DOZEN EGGS. 
4817 Pacific Ave,, Omaha, Neb., 

March 11, 1904. 
Gentlemen: I have been feeding your Stan- 
dard Poultry Food for the past six weeks to 
90 Plymouth Rock hens. When I began feed- 
ing it in January my hens were laying two to 
three dozen eggs a week. Four weeks ago I 
sold six dozen eggs, three weeks ago ten dozen. 
Two weeks ago seventeen dozen and last week 
twenty-seven dozen from these hens, and this 
increase was made during the cpld weather in 
February. Standard Poultry Fopd is the best 
I ever used. It is all right. 

Ji E, Bonewitz. 



A good liquid lice killer, applied with 
a sprayer or paint brush to the roosts 
and cracks of the walls, will kill them 
where they hide, and also kill the eggs, 
and thus cut off coming generations. We 
are preparing such a liquid for the mar- 
ket. Until this is perfected, a good solu- 
tion is made as follows: Take one-half 
pound of hard soap and shave into one 
gallon of water. Put it on the fire and 
bring it to a boil, by which time the soap 
will be dissolved. Remove from the fire 
and stir in two gallons of kerosene. This 
makes a thick, creamy emulsion which 
can be kept any length of time. To use, 
take one-half gallon of the emulsion and 
mix it with five gallons of soft water. It 
is necessary to use soft water, as hard 
water decomposes the soap and prevents 
the mixture from mixing together. This 
may be used as a dip, wash or spray, 
and if used in connection with Standard 
Insect Powder, every insect about the 
poultry house will be killed. 



A TEST IN MOULTING TIME. 

Orleans, Indiana, August 15, 1904. 

We have been feeding Standard Poultry Food 
for some time, and will say that it has given 
us very satisfactory results, so much so that 
we will want to buy in nundreds-pound lots 
later on when our present supply is exhausted. 

Since commencing to feed the Standard 
Poultry Food, our hens have become quite 
healthy, their combs taking on that bright, 
rich, red lustre which characterizes a healthy 
bird. The egg production has been much in- 
creased, being something near 35 per cent, in- 
crease in favor of the Poultry Food. Will say 
that I believe it to be the best egg producer 
on the market, and we shall feed it to our 
hundreds of black and white Langshans and 
Buft Orpington Ckls. and pullets this fall and 
winter to keep them up in that fine, healthy, 
robust condition. 

I believe that a person's profits will be al- 
most doubled by feeding the Standard Poultry 
Food, for a conditioner that will make hens 
shell the eggs out in moulting time, will surely 
make them lay any other time, The Lang- 
shans have a bad record as summer layers, but 
ours beat anything in these parts, not even 
excepting the noted Brown Leghorns, I was 
very slow in accepting your $2,00 offer, but am 
quite thankful now that I accepted it, as we 
were looking for a food that would increase 
the egg yield sufficient to pay for it and have 
a balance left to help keep business going. 

W, E. Edwards & Co. 
4817 Pacific St., Omaha, Neb., 

RECOMMENDS IT TO ALL. 

Tabor, Iowa, July 6th, 1904. 
I have used Standard Poultry Food with best 
results. I can recommend it to any poultry 
raiser, Mrs. Abbie Baggs, 



Standard Poultry Food — It Makes Hens Pay 



The Standard Feeder 



151 



BEST BUTTER RECORDS. 

Pfiucess 2cl, a Jersey cow, belungiug to Mrs. 
S. M. Shoemaker, Baltimore, Md., made a rec- 
ord of 46 pounds 12 Va ounces of butter in one 
week; the milk yield was cleimed to be Iti per 
cent fat. „ ,. 

In lSt)0 the Holstein-Friesian cow, Pauline 
Paul, owned by J. B. Dutcher & Son, Pawling. 
N. \'., was reported to have made 1.153 pounds 
t)f butter in one year. 

At the Chicago Dairy Show, in Chicago, 
November, 1S'.»1, the Brown Swiss Brienz cow, 
owned by Abe Bourquiu, Nokomis, 111., made 
y.32 pounds of butterfat in three days, the 
largest yield ever made in a public competi- 
tion by any breed. 

In the Home Butterfat Tests of Guernseys, 
made in 1899, Lily Ella made 912.5 pounds of 
liutter in one year. 

In April, 19U3, the Holstein-I' ricsian cow, 
Sadie Vale Concordia, A. R. ().. 1,124, made 
.ill pounds lt».16 ounces of butter in seven days 
under official supervision. She. also made a 
record of 123 pounds lU ounces of butter in 
thirty days. 

Gypsy, of Racine, (Jucrnsey cow, has a recoid 
of 11.246.8 pounds of milk in one year, mak- 
ing 713 pounds of butter. 

The Ayrshire cow. Rose Cleuna. 11,153, made 
455 pounds of butter in 365 consecutive days. 

The Guernsey cow, Topsy, has a record of 
4U8 pounds of milk, 34.26 pounds of butter, in 
seven days. 

In 1903, Charmaute Gron, 14,442, Guernsey 
cow, made a year's record of 11,875';4 pounds 
of milk, making 789.2 pounds of butter. 

In January, 19ul, the Holstein-Friesian cow, 
Lilith Pauline de Kol, 43,434, made 28i,4 
pounds butter in seven days, the largest oth- 
cial reco'rd to date. 



'HIGH PRlCiS FOR LIVE STOCK. 

The highest price ever paid for an.v cattle of 
any breed in this country was paid at the 
famous New York Mills' sale of Shorthorns, 
owned by Walcott & Campbell. At this sale 
was offered descendants of the famous cow 
"Duchess." In all 110 head were sold for 
$383,000, an average of .$3,482 per head. The 
highest price was paid by R. Pavin Davis, of 
England, for Sth Duchess of Geneva, who was 
sold for $40,600. Earl Bective paid $35,000 for 
liith Duchess of Geneva, and Lord Skelmers- 
dale bought the two-year-old heifer, 1st Duch- 
ess of Geneva for .$.30,600. 

The next best price ever realized for Short- 
horns in this country was at the sale of B. B. 
Groom & Co., Winchester, Ky., where 73 head 
of Bates bred Shorthorns sold at an average 
price of $1,691 per head. 

In April, 1882, heavy hogs sold in Chicago 
market for $9.35 per 100 pounds. 

In June, 1882, native beef cattle sold in Chi- 
cago for $9.30 per 100 pounds. 

The highest price ever paid for a carload of 
cattle was for the load that won the cham- 
pionship at the International Live Stock Expo- 
sition, at Chicago, in 19O0, the price paid be- 
ing $15.50 per loo pounds. 

The highest price ever paid for a beef ani- 
mal was paid for the Aberdeen-Angus steer. 
.\dvance. champion at the International Live 
Stock Exposition, Chicago, December, 1900. This 
steer was sold at auction for $1.50 per pound, 
on foot. 

At Chicago, May 15. 1901, the Hereford cow, 
"Dolly" 2d, 61,799, owned by John Hooker, sold 
at public sale, with heifer calf by her side, 
for $5,000. 

At Coopersburg. Pa.. May 30. 1901, T. S. 
Cooper sold the Jersey Bull, Mon Plaisir, 59,936, 
for $3,500. and the Jersey cow, Golden Rose- 
hay, 157,. 333, for $2,775. 

December 6, 1902, the Galloway bull. Im- 
ported McDougall of Tarboch, was sold at a 
public sale in Chicago, for $2,000. 

The record price for Hereford bulls to that 
time was broken when, on January 7, 1902, 
Thomas Clark, of Beecher, 111., sold "Perfec- 
tion" to G. H. Hoxie, Thornton, III, fgr $9,000. 



February 5, 1902, M. A. Judy & Son, 'Wil- 
liamsport, Ind., bought of C. H. Gardener, 
Blandinsville, 111., the famous yearling Aber- 
deen-Angus heifer for the record-breaking price 
of $6,500. 

The highest price ever paid for an Aber- 
deen-Angus bull was $9,1110, the price paid by 
B. R. Pierce, Creston. HI., to M. A. Judy & 
Son, Williamsport, Ind., for "Prince Ito." 

May 30, 1902, T. \A'. Lawson, Boston. Mass., 
paid $7,500 for the imported Jersey bull. "Fly- 
ing Fox," owned by T. S. Cooper, Coopersburg. 
Pa. 

In June, 1902, Texas steers sold in Chicago 
market for $7.65 per 100 pounds, the highest 
ever paid. ^,, 

June IS, 1902, J. F. Jennings, Streator, 111., 
paid $2,525 for the Polled-Durham cow, Golden 
Heather, the record price to that date. 

August 21, 1902, at a public sale, L. Lukius. 
Disco, 111., bought the Poland-China boar, "Old 
Tecumseh." for .$2,100. 

At Indianapolis, September 16, 1902, Clem 
Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind., sold 43 head of 
Herefords for an average price of $1,007. The 
bull, "Crusader," 85,596. sold for $12,000, and 
the cow, "Dolly 2d," 61,799, for $7,000. 

In October, 1902, Western grass range cat- 
tle sold on the Chicago market for $7.40 per 
100 pounds, the highest price to that date. 

In 1903, Averill & Gregory, sold to Dr. Wm. 
N. Landon, Syracuse, N. Y., the Holstein- 
Friesiau cow, Segis Inga, 36,617, for $1,600, the 
highest price paid for a female of this breed 
since 1888. 

April 1, 1904, George H. Northrup, RaceviUe, 
N. Y., sold a Rose Comb Black Minorca cock 
to Henry Schultz von Schultzenstein. Berlin, 
Germany", for $1,000, and another for $500. At 
the satne time he sold 17 fowls of the same 
breed for $1,900. 

HOG CENSUS. 
The number of hogs on the farms of the 
United States each year, for ten years, is given 

'^'TsW 44,165,716 

1896 42,842,759 

1897 40,600,276 

1S9S ::: 39,759.993 

1890 38,651,631 

190U 37,097,3-56 

1901 ' ■ 56,982.142 

1902 ■■ 48,698,890 

1903 '.'.'.'.'.'.'. 46,922,624 

1904 47^m627 

The total farm value of all the hogs m the 

United States, January 1, 1904, was $269,224.- 
627 

The number in some of the leading states 

was as follows: „ -ta, n^,:: 

Iowa 7,364,268 

Missouri 3,710,020 

ght"^''^ .■.■.•■■.■.■.■-■•■ 2fiiM 

Indiana ■.■.'.■.■.■.■.■.' 2,658,151 

Texas 2,404,808 

No o'ther state had as many as 2.000,000 hogs 
at that time, although Kansas, with l,8ob,J.io, 
was well on toward that number. 

MILCH CO-WS AND OTHER CATTLE. 
The following table gives the number of 
milch cows and other cattle in the United 
States, for ten years: 

Milch Other 

Cows. Cattle. 

is.,r: . 16.504.629 :54,364,216 

IvVk : 16,137,586 :i2,085,40!» 

Js97 15,941,727 :}0,508,408 

isi,s 15.840,886 29,264,197 

is49 .; 15,990,115 27,994,2'25 

1Q,,0 16,292,360 27,610,054 

1901 16,833,657 45,500,213 

iq 2 16,696,802 44,727,799 

iq03 17,105,227 44,659,206 

1904 17,419,817 43,629,498 

The farm value of all the milch cows in the 
United States, January 1, 1904, was $508,841,- 
489 

At the same time, the farm value of all other 
cattle was $712,178,134. 



152 



The Standard Feeder 



GESTATION TABLE. 



Below is a gestation table showing the time when colts, calves, lambs and pigs 
may be expected, the date of service being known : 



Time of 


Mares 340 


Cows 23<i Ewes 150 


Sows 112 


Time ot 


Mares 340 


Cows 233 


Ewes 150 


Sows 112 


Service 


Days 


Days 


Days 


Days 


Service 


Days 


Davs 


Days 


Days 


Jan. 5 


Dec. 10 Oct. 14 


June 4 


April 26 


July 5 


June 9 


April 13 


Dec. 1 


Oct. 24 


" 15 


" 20 


" 24 


" 14 


May 6 


" 15 


" 19 


" 23 


" 11 


Nov. 3 


" 25 


" 30 


Nov. 3 


" 24 


" 16 


" 25 


" 29 


May 3 


" 21 


" 13 


Feb. 5 


Jan. 10 


" 14 


July 4 


" 27 


Aug. 5 


July 10 


" 14 


Jan. 1 


" 24 


" 1.5 


" 20 


" 24 


" 14 


June 6 


" 15 


" 20 


" 24 


" 11 


Dec. 4 


" 25 


" 30 


Dec. 4 


" 24 


" IB 


" 25 


" 30 


June 3 


" 21 


" 14 


Mar. 5 


Feb. 7 


" 12 1 Aug. 1 


" 24 


Sept. 5 


Aug. 10 


" 14 


Feb. 1 


" 25 


" 15 


" 17 


" 22 


" 11 


July 4 


" 15 


" 20 


" 24 


" 11 


Jan. 4 


" 25 


" 27 


Jan. 1 


" 21 


" 14 


" 25 


" 30 


July 4 


" 21 


" 14 


April 5 


Mar. 10 


" 12 


Sept. 1 


" 25 


Oct. 5 


Sept. 9 


" 14 


Mar. 3 


" 24 


" 15 


" 20 


" 22 


" 11 


Aug. 4 


" 15 


'• 19 


" 24 


" 13 


Feb. 3 


" 25 


" 80 


Feb. 1 


" 21 


" 14 


" 25 


" 29 


Aug. 3 


" 23 


" 13 


May 5 


April 9 


" 11 


Oct. 1 


" 24 


Nov. 5 


Oct. 10 


" 14 


April 3 


" 24 


" 15 


" 19 


" 21 


" 11 


Sept. 3 


" 15 


" 20 


" 24 


" 13 


Mar. 6 


" 25 


" 29 


Mar. 3 


" 21 


" 13 


" 25 


" 30 


Sept. 3 


" 23 


" 16 


June 5 


May 10 


" 14 


Nov. 1 


" 24 


Dec. 5 


Nov. 9 


'• 13 


May 3 


" 26 


15 


" 20 


" 24 


" 11 Oct. 4 


^' 15 


" 19 


" 23 


" 13 


April 5 


" 25 


" 30 


April 3 


" 21 " 14 


" 25 


" 29 


Oct. 3 


" 23 


" 15 



The use of this table is a very simple matter. The first column gives the date of 
service. The columns headed "mares," "cows," etc., give on the same line the date 
when the progeny may be expected from such service. 



STANDARD FOOD \^INS 
IN HOG FEEDING TEST 

With a Profit of 195 Per Cent. 

Its value Demonstrated at the Iowa Experiment Station 



L 



The following comparison is based on Chicago selling weights 





Cost to Produce 
1 lb. of Gain 


Daily Gain 
Per Hog 


Net Profit Per 
Hog in 49 Days 


6 hogs fed corn and Stand- 
ard Food 


5 1-2 cts 


2.01 lbs. 


$2.02 






6 hogs fed corn only 


5 7-10 cts. 


1.81 lbs. 


$1.65 


In favor of Standard Food 1-5 cts. 


1-5 lb. 


$ .37 



The straight corn lot gained 532 lbs. shrunk weight. 

The Standard Food lot gained 592 lbs. shrunk weight. 

The cost of feeding Standard Food 49 days was 19 cents per head. 

The net profit on the investment in Standard Food was 195 per cent. 

The Standard Food lot shrunk less than any other lot. 

The straight corn lot returned SI. 46 per 100 lbs. on the corn eaten. 

The Standard Food lot returned S1.73 per 100 lbs. on the corn eaten. 



The Standard Feeder 



1S3 



Determination of the Age of Farm Ani- 
mals by Their Teeth 

(U. S. Department of Agriculture.) 
HORSE.— The horse has twenty-four 
temporary teeth. The male has 40 per- 
manent teeth, the female 36 or 40. The 
smaller number is more usual in females, 
due to the lack of the tusks. The tem- 
porary teeth consist of 12 incisors and 12 
molars; the 4 center front teeth, 2 above 
and 2 below, are called pinchers; the 
next four are called intermediate or lat- 
eral, and the next 4 corner teeth. The 
permanent teeth consist of 12 incisors, 4 
tusks and 24 molars. The dental star is 
a yellowish ring appearing next the 
enamel on the table or crown of the 
tooth. The following table shows, ap- 
proximately, the changes of the teeth 
with age: 

Toinporai-.v pinchers and 3 



Temporary intermediates or 



Temporary corner teeth out. 
Temporary corner teeth level- 



3 to 10 days: 
molars cut. 

40 to 60 days: 
laterals cut. 

6 to 9 months: 
19 to 25 mos. : 

ing. 

2% to 3 yrs: Permanent teeth replace pinch- 
ers. 

3% to 4 yrs.: Intermediates or laterals re- 
placed. 

4 to 4% years: Tusks cut. 

4% to 5 years: Corner teeth replaced. 
f> to 6 years: Leveling of lower pinchers. 

7 yrs.: Leveling of permanent Intermediates. 

8 years: Dental star and notches in pinchers. 

9 years: Dental star in intermediates. 

10 years: Dental star in corner teeth. 



CATTLE.— Cattle have 20 temporary 
and 32 permanent teeth. The temporary 
are 8 incisors in the lower jaw and 12 
molars. The permanent teeth are 8 in- 
cisors and 24 molars. Cattle have no in- 
cisors in the upper jaw. The table for 
cattle is as follows: 

At birth: Temporary incisors appear. 

5 to 6 months: Teeth decayed on border. 

6 to 7 months: Leveling of pinchers. 

12 months: Leveling of first intermediates. 
15 months: Leveling of second intermediates. 
18 mos. : Intermediate incisors become stumps. 

2 years: Permanent pinchers cut. 

2% to 3 yrs. : Permanent first intermediates cut. 
3% yrs.: Second intermediates cut (laterals). 

4 years: Corner teeth replaced. 

5 to 6 years: Leveling of permanent pinchers. 

7 years: Leveling of first intermediates. 

S years: Leveling of second intermediates. 

9 years: Leveling of corner teeth. 

10 to 12 years: Dental star in corner teeth. 

SHEEP.— Sheep have 20 temporary and 
32 permanent teeth. The table for 
changes is as follows: 

1 month: Milk incisors appear. 

3 months: Milk incisors decayed on border. 
15 months: Permanent incisors cut. 

2 years: First permanent intermediates cut. 
33 mos. : Second permanent intermediates cut. 
40 months: Corner teeth cut. 

HOGS:— Hogs have 28 temporary and 
44 permanent teeth. The table for 
changes is as follows: 

At birth : Temporary corner incisors cut. 
1 to 2 mos.: Temporary central incisors cut. 

3 months: Temporary incisors cut (lateral.) 
9 to 12 mos. : Permanent corner incisors cut. 
12 to 15 mos. : Permanent central incisors cut. 
18 to 20 months: Permanent lateral incisors. 




A Fine Bnncli Owned and Fed by Jolin Symns. Whltingr, Kan. 



BUYS BY THE TON. 

Whiting, Kansas. 
I bought a ton of Standard Food to feed to 
150 cattle, and will say that I never fed a 
bunch of cattle that did as well. After feed- 
ing Standard Food to these cattle for forty 
days, I re-commenced feeding it to another 
bunch of 60 head, and got just as good, if not 
better results. John Symns. 



SUCCESS WITH THE STANDARD. 

Arlington, Nebr., March 23, 1904. 
X do not believe there is anything that will 
equal Standard Food for hogs and shoats. I 
have had good success with it. I am feeding 
it to a load of young cattle and am well 
pleased so far with it. F. G. Menking. 



154 



The Standard Feeder 



STANDARD \^ORM POW^DER FOR HOGS 



Any man who raises hogs realizes the need of something to expel worms from 
the hog's digestive tract, for a large proportion of hog troubles and hog diseases are 
the direct or indirect result of worms. 

The hog-raiser wants for this purpose something that is reliable. 

He wants something that will do no harm. 

He wants something that will not only remove the worms, but will also remove 
the poisonous accumulations produced by the worms. 

And he wants something reasonable in price. 

Hogs are prone to worms, especially hogs fed on corn. They are more prevalent 

among young hogs than among old. In a great majority of cases worms in hogs are 

caused by sickness or derangement. A hog full of worms can- 

1^^'^ not grow and thrive and fatten, because the worms are not only 
CtaMIIARD ^ robbing him of the nutriment in his feed, but they produce de- 
^g%tipi bility and an unthrifty condition. 

OOWDER ^"^ have given a good deal of study to the subject of worms 

M" "oc^"""' in hogs and the best methods of expelling them, and after a good 

deal of experimenting we put on the market our preparation, 

«^. .^ STANDARD \^ORM PO\^DER FOR HOGS 

j^ "''■"'^*^""'' '^'^^ the fullest confidence that it would meet with the needs of 

jjh. ^^j^iiiiii^B^ the practical hog-raiser. The results obtained from its use have 
proved that it is the most reliable, effective and thorough prep- 
aration in the market for expelling worms from hogs. It not only expels the worms, 
but it neutralizes and removes their poisonous accumulations that cause disease. It 
cleanses and purifies the food canal and overcomes any deranged condition which has 
resulted from their presence. It will correct indigestion and any derangement of the 
digestive system caused by over-eating. It is not a flesh producer, but a destroyer of 
intestinal worms. It assists nature to regulate and overcome the deranged and poi- 
sonous conditions caused by these parasites. It should not be fed to brood sows dur- 
ing the period of gestation as it might cause abortion. 

Pigs should be treated for worms with Standard Worm Powder at weaning tinie, 
as a preventive of worms and disease. When shotes and hogs appear unthrifty and 
show indications of derangement they should be given thorough treatment with 
Standard Worm Powder to expel worms and poisonous accumulations and to prevent 
disease. 

Full directions on each package. It is put up in 60c., $1.00 and $2.00 packages. 
A dollar package is sufficient for 25 or 30 shotes of average size. 

It contains no base or filler to cheapen its cost. Its use should be followed by 
regular use of Standard Stock Food. 

It makes hogs thrive. 




STANDAKD MEANS JUST THAT. 

Ord, Net., July 13, 1904. 
I fed Standard Worm Powder to 40 shoats 
after losing 7, I suppose from the effect of 
worms. They did splendidly after using- the 
Worm Powder and soon quit dying, I can also 
recommend Standard Insect Powder for freeing 
poultry from lice and mites. W, A, Stark. 



PUTS HOGS IN CONDITION. 

Nemaha City, Neb., Aug. 30, 1904. 
Some time ago all of my pigs got the 
thumps. After trying several different things I 
got some of your Worm Powder for hogs, and 
it is the best thing to put hogs in good condi- 
tion that I have ever used. 

David Frazier, 



The Standard Feeder 



155 



STANDARD \^ORM POWDER FOR HORSES 



SniwmWoiN 

Powder 




SES 
nuKUuMnCoanuT 



Worms in a horse are almost invariably the result of a poor, debilitated condition 
of the animal. Their immediate origin is not fully understood, but they seldom are 
present in the intestines of a vigorous, healthy animal. It is when the horse is in- 
sufficiently nourished, or is deranged and run down that worms begin to thrive in 
the mucous accumulations in the intestines. The logical treatment is first to expel 
the worms and then to tone up the animal's digestive system. 

The most common of the intestinal worms is known as the lumbricoid. It is much 
like the common earth-worm, nearly white in color, and grows from 4 to 12 inches 
long, varying in thickness from the size of a straw to that of a lead pencil. Another 
common variety is the pin-worm, found usually in the large intestines. They are 
semi-transparent, thread-like, and from one to two inches long. 

The symptoms of intestinal worms are slight colicy pains at 
times, switching of the tail, frequent passages of manure, rub- 
bing of the tail or rump against the stall or fence, rubbing of the 
upper lip upon the stall, and the passage of worms themselves. 
Watch for the symptoms. The horse is in poor condition; does 
not shed his coat; the appetite is depraved. He licks the walls, 
bites his manger, licks parts of his body, eats earth, and is par- 
ticularly fond of salt. He is hide-bound, pot-bellied; the bowels 
are irregular, either constipation or diarrhoea being present. 

In the treatment of the horse for worms preparation should 
be made by allowing the bowels to become nearly emptied. This 
gives the medicine a chance to have greater effect. Then mix with the feed ration 
a tablespoonful of Standard Worm Powder for Horses. Follow these directions 
for three days, giving no feed excepting that with which the worm powder is mixed. 

You can depend upon it that Standard Worm Powder for Horses will rid your 
horse of worms. More than this, it carries out of the horse's system the poisonous 
matter which has resulted from the presence of worms, and leaves the horse in good 
shape to be built up by proper feed and care. But this is not enough. Dr. Michener, 
V. S., of the United States Bureau of Animal Industry, says: 

"It should be borne in mind that intestinal worms are mostly seen in horses that 
are in poor condition, and an essential part of our treatment then is to improve the 
the appetite and powers of digestion. This is best done by giving the horse vege- 
table tonics. Unless this is done to tone up the digestive organs the worms will 
rapidly accumulate again, even though they may have all been expelled by the worm 
medicine," 

This is a sensible proposition and makes our duty plain. 

After the treatment with Standard Worm Powder for Horses has been finished, 
put the horse on a light and moderately increasing ration and mix a ration of Stand- 
ard Stock Food with each meal. Nothing else in the world will so improve the ap- 
petite and powers of digestion. It will soon put the horse in good condition. 

It makes stock thrive. 



PRAISES STANDARD WORBJ POWDER. 
Wauneta. Kan., Nov. 5, 1904. 

Gentlemen: Please find check inclosed of 
$3 for which pleas3 send me a 2 lb. package of 
Worm Powder for Hcrses and 25 lbs. of Stock 
Food. I will try your Stock Food and if it 
gives as good results as your Worm Powders 



for hcgs I shall continue to use it on our farm. 
I never used anything for hogs that brought 
them like that stuff did. It seems as if I 
can see our Duroc-Jersey hcgs grow since I fed 
that 2 lb. box of Worm Powder. 
Yours for success, 

Mr, and Mrs. Henry Shrader. 



156 



The Standard Feeder 



STANDARD POULTRY FOOD 



It "Makes Poultry Pay It Makes Hens Lay It Makes Chicks G^o^v 

It Promotes Thrift and Vigor It Adds to Your Profits 



Standard Poultry Food in the past few years has gained the reputation in the 
poultry-yards of many of the leading poultry raisers in the country, of being the best 
egg-producer and growth-promoter ever put upon the market. 

Twenty thousand poultry raisers are now using it with surprising results. 
Added to the regular feeding ration it will do your fowls more good, keep them 
in better health and vigor, make hens lay more eggs, make chicks grow faster and 
yield a greater profit than you can possibly secure in any other way. 

Standard Poultry Food is different from other poultry foods in that it is not a 
stimulant, but a genuine, healthful food tonic. 

It produces eggs, promotes growth, induces vigor and vi- 
tality, not hy forcing, but inducing a healthy, natural condition, 
by keeping the digestive system in perfect order and by 
supplying the tonic elements which fowls secured for them- 
selves when in a natural, wild state. 
Its cost is slight — its returns big. 

It helps the fowl get more good out of the grain you feed. 
It saves your grain bills and increases your profits. 
Don't let your hens worry along, insufficiently nourished. 
Don't let them get fat and lazy and good-for-nothing. 
Avoid both extremes by feeding regularly Standard Poul- 
try Food, the great vitalizer, and reap a big reward in profits. 
It will do for you what it has done for others. 



Standard 

POULTRY 

rooD 




TkHSmbomCoww^ 



BELIEVES IN STANDARD POULTRY FOOD. 
Loup City, Nebr., June 23, 1904. 
1 can recommend Standard Poultry Food for 
feeding to poultry. It is also splendid for lay- 
ing hens. Yours truly, 

Mrs. B. K. Parkhurst. 

WANTS MORE. 
Spiker, Nebr., Feb. 15, 1904. 
Mr. Chris Holstein of Spiker, purchased a 
sack of Poultry Food from me and began feed- 
ing it tc his chickens. I called on him again 
in about 10 days and he purchased two sacks 
more. When he began using the food he was 
only getting 3 or 4 eggs a day from 60 hens; 
in a week he was getting 15 eggs per day and 
in 30 days was getting 30 eggs per day from 
60 hens. Mr. Holstein bought six sacks more, 
• so as to have it on hand. C. E. Norris. 



BRINGS A GOOD YIELD OF EGGS. 

LaPorte City, la,, Dec. 23, 1903. 
Standard Poultry Food increased my hens' 
laying in good shape, also it keeps them in a 
more healthy condition. I am well pleased 
with the results of Standard Poultry Food and 
can cheerfully recommend it to any one that 
wants a good yield of eggs, 

Mrs. H. M. Smith. 

DOUBLES THE EGG YIELD. 

Uniontown, Pa,, June 1, 1904. 
I have had one case of your Standard Poultry 
Food and found it to be the best ever used. It 
doubled the egg yield of my flock. I ordered 
two cases more from you about May 20th. Did 
you not receive our order? If not, ship it on 
receipt of this letter, as v/e are out, 

Moser & Bros. 



A larger package for the price than any other poultry food. 

Made of stronger, fresher, purer ingredients. 

Packages, 2 sizes, 25 cents and 60 cents. 

A 50-cent package will feed 30 hens 60 days. 

If your dealer does not keep it send to us direct. 

Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



The Standard Feeder 



157 



STANDARD INSECT PO^VDER 



Lice Steal Your Profits 

The most of your chicken troubles come from lice. 

The most of chicken failures are caused by lice. 

You can't allord to keep a lousy hen, nor to have a lousy chicken house. 

There's no need of it. 



STANDARD INSECT PO^WDER 

kills vermin of all sorts on poultry, animals and plants. 

It is one of the best insecticides know^n. 

Sure in its results, but absolutely harmless. 

Full strength and absolute purity guaranteed. 

Does not lose its strength. If kept dry it is good for years. 

May be used with safety and sure results for sitting hens and 
little chicks. 

Invaluable for calves, colts and pigs. 

It is a powerful disinfectant and deodorizer and should be 
sprinkled freely about chicken houses, stables, pens, cellars, etc , 
wherever a disinfectant is desired. 

Excellent for house-plants. 

Standard Insect Powder comes in 25 cent boxes with sprinkler-top. 

It is inexpensive, but it does the work. 

If your dealer cannot supply you, write to us. 




STANDARD INSECT POWDER FINE. 

Ord, Nebr., June 20, 1904. 
Standard Insect Powder is fine for freeing 
chickens of lice and mites. 

Mrs. B. Hackel. 

THINKS IT THE BEST. 

Arcadia, Neb., June 22, 1904. 
Standard Insect Powder is the best prepara- 
tion that I have ever used for freeing poultry 
of lice and mites. 

Mrs. A. G. Wing. 

SOLD EVERY BOX. 

Davenport, la., Sept. 7, 1904. 
I must say I am more than pleased with the 
Poultry Food. I think it is the best Food for 
laying hens I ever used. I have sold every box 
you sent me. ^ , „ , ^ ^ 

It is a little early for the Stock Food, but a 
number have said they would buy a little later 
on. Trusting I may hear from you soon, I am 
as ever, your agent, t, ^i. i 

Mrs. Geo. Bethel. 

"MILES AHEAD OF OTHERS." 

Lyons, Nebr., Sept. 20, 1904. 

I have raised chickens for the past IB years: 
have used nearly all kinds of Poultry Food but 
Standard Poultry Food is slm^jly miles ahead 
of any Food on the market. It keeps chickens 
healthy; makes them lay more eggs; it is the 
cheapest food on the market and quantity and 
quality is what counts. 

Standard Insect Powder is the cheapest In- 



sect Powder on the market, I am using this 
also, and have just bought another box. The 
top being perforated makes it nice to handle. 
You who are raising chickens give these a trial 
and let me hear from you. 

Mrs, Lewis Hanson, 

KEEPS THE FLOCK CLEAN. 

Ord, Neb., June 20, 1904. 
Standard Insect Powder is good for freeing 
poultry of lice and mites. It is the best that 
I ever used. Mrs. Adie Travis. 

DESTROYS LICE AND MITES. 

Ord, Nebr., June 20, 1904. 
After carefully using Standard Insect Powder 
I can say that it is the best preparation that 
I have ever used for freeing poultry of lice anu 
mites. Mrs. J. W. Mason. 

"BOTH ARE GOOD," 

Ord, Neb,, June 20, 1904. 
Gentlen:en: — 

I can recommend Standard Poultry Food and 
Standard Insect Powder; both are good. 

Mrs. Eunice M. Travis. 

STANDARD POULTRY FOOD SATIFIES. 

Arcadia, Nebr., June 24, 1904. 
Last winter I bought 100 lbs. of Standard 
Poultry Food to feed to my hens and can say 
that it gave very satisfactory results. 
Yours truly, 

Mrs. Blanche Buck, 



Standard Stock Food— It Makes Stock Thrive 



158 



The Standard Feeder 



STANDARD STOCK LINIMENT 



STANDARD 

STOCK 

LINIMENT 

1^ 



An old time-tried and valuable farm liniment for the use of man and beast. 
We have manufactured it for 18 years, in which time it has gained the confidence 
and unqualified endorsement of the public. 

For horses it is especially valuable in curing Spavins, Ringbones, Splints, Curbs, 
Sprains, Cuts, Scratches, Barbed Wire Wounds, etc. 

For household use it is applied externally for Rheumatism, 
Neuralgia, Cuts, Sprains, Bruises, Chilblains, Frostbites, Burns, etc; 
vv^ith uniformly good results. 

It will do all that any good external liniment can be expected to 
do, and its peculiar penetrating qualities make it efficacious where 
other remedies have failed. 

Keep it in the house and stables. 
It may save 'you much suffering and many dollars. 
It is backed by the Standard name and reputation, and that 
means the highest quality every time. 
Large bottle — 50 cents. 
If your dealer does not keep it, send to us direct. 




llrk< •■><«»■••"•<' 



*!ll**(»»'>^""" 




RECOGNIZES THE STANDARD. 

Adel, la., March U, 1901. 
I have fed Standard Food for two years and 
it has always made me money, but this winter 
I was induced to try another food, because it 
was cheaper, but it did not give me satisfac- 
tion, and my cattle were all scouring very bad- 
ly when your agent came to me and sold me 
Standard Food; and in three days every one 
of them had quit scouring, was back on feed 
again, and going along all right, The first 
thirty days after feeding Standard Food, not- 
withstanding the condition my cattle were in 
when I commenced the Food, they made a gain 
of 61 '72 pounds and the second month they made 
a gain of 89 pounds per head. To say I am 
pleased is to express it mildly and I shall con- 
tinue to feed Standard Food because I cannot 
afford to feed without it. 

Henry Rinehart. 

BUYS IT BY THE TON. 

Nassau, la., March 31st, 1898. 
Early in 1898 I commenced feeding your 
Standard Food to cattle and hogs and am becom- 
ing a firm friend of it, While I have not made 
test weights, yet I have fed the Food to hogs 
of all ages with uniform good results. They get 
more good out of the corn, which is our main 
food here. It makes the hogs grow and fat- 
ten faster and seems to put them in much 
healthier condition. I believe it is what it is 
claimed to be, a money maker for the feeder, 
and the best evidence I can give of that is that 
I and my sons are now buying it by the ton. 
Marcus McCain. 

DESTROYS THE WORMS. 

Le Mars, la,, Oct. 16, 1903. 
A few words in regard to your Worm Powder. 
My pigs were in very poor condition about two 
months ago. I bought a box of your Worm 
Powder and began using the Powder and fed 
the usual amount of Standard Stock Food with 
it. I fed the Pov/der at two different times 
and have been feeding the Food right along, I 
find it is all right for pigs as a worm destroyer, 
George Pritqhard. 



FOR FLESH AND FINISH. 

Bedford, 111., Dec. 14, 1898. 
I bought another hundred pounds of your 
Stock Food today from your agent, to feed to 
my hogs, for I know it pays to feed it for 
flesh and finish, I shipped one lot to St. Louis. 
They said they were the slickest hogs they ever 
saw, and I got five cents more on Ve hundred 
for tnem than any others were sold ior. 

Frank Springer. 

ALMOST THE HIGH RECORD. 

Please find enclosed the egg record during 
the month of January for twenty-three White 
Wyandottes owned by I. Brittendahl, of this 
city. 

What you are most interested in is this: He 
commenced feeding Standard Poultry Food De- 
cember 11th, and fed it all along and is feeding 
it at this time. Hence the result — 466 eggs 
in thirty-one days from twenty-three White 
Wyandottes. How is that? C. T. C. Lollich. 

This is the record: 



....14 
....14 
....18 
....17 
....13 
... .18 
....13 
....20 
....15 

January 10 16 

January 11 12 

January 12 18 

January 13 12 

January 14 11 

January 15 17 



January 
January 
January 
January 
January 
January 
January 
January 
January 



January 16 16 

January 17 12 

January 18 16 

January 19 17 

January 20 16 

January 21 17 

January 22 17 

January 23 14 

January 24 17 

January 25 15 

January 26 12 

January 27 12 

January 28 18 

January 29 14 

January 30 11 

January 31 14 



Total 



.466 



The Standard Feeder 



159 



STANDARD GALL CURE 



It Heals the Sore Places 



It cures Collar and Saddle Galls. 

It cures sore neck, sore back, sore mouth, sore teats and all cuts and abrasions 
of the skin. 

It is unequalled for rope-burns, wire cuts, old sores, scratches and other injuries 
and diseases of the skin. 

Keep it in the stable and have it handy when you need it. 

If you are troubled with cracked or sore hands at 
husking time you will find it will quickly heal them. 

It is easy and pleasant to use. 

Simply cleanse the affected parts and apply it two or 
more times a day. 

If we have no agent in your town handling our goods, 
send us 25 cents and we will send you a large box of 
Standard Gall Cure, postage paid. 




A BAD CUT HEALED. 
Sioux Center, la., Sept. 7, 1904. 
I can say I had a horse that was cut in his 
hind foot by wire and I could not work him for 
a month, and I used Standard Gall Cure for a 
week, and I worked him ever since, and this 
wound is healed up well. 

G. J. VandeBerg. 

STANDARD GALL CURE HEALS. 

Kent, Nebr., June 28, 1904. 
Standard Gall Cure is fine for healing sore 
shoulders on horses. Yours truly, 

S. Dutton. 

THE WHOLE LINE IS "STANDARD." 

Taylor, Nebr., June 29, 1904. 
Standard Stock Food is just the thing for 
hogs and horses. Standard Gall Cure is fine for 
sore shoulders and galls on horses. 

Chas. 0. Copper. 

NO BETTER PRAISE FOR ANYTHING. 
Laporte City, la., Feb. 9, 1904. 
No better praise ever came from anything 
than from Standard Worm Powder for hogs. 
Of all that I have sold every man puts his 0. 
K. on it. Yours truly, 

C. E. Harmon, 

LEARNED BY EXPERIENCE. 

Elyria, Neb., June 27, 1904. 
I have fed Standard Stock Food to fattening 
cattle for eight years, having bought one of 
the frst orders sold in Valley Co. I know that 
I can malie a better feed by the aid of Stand- 
ard Food and would not think of feeding cattle 
without it. 

Erwin Dodge. 

THE MOST RELIABLE. 

Loup City, Neb., June 27, 1904. 
Standard Worm Powder is the most reliable 
preparation for removing worms from pigs that 
I have ever used. Yours truly, 

U. R. Welsh. 



GOOD ANYWHERE ANY TIME. 

Schaller, la., May 7, 1903. 

I am entirely satisfied with the Food. I 
have used it this spring for brood sows before 
and after farrowing, and think it fine for them. 
I have the best lot of young pigs this spring 
I ever saw on my farm. All are thrifty, strong 
and healthy. No runts. 

I have also used it for fattening hogs and 
am well pleased with it in this line. I have 
today ordered 200 lbs. more for my pigs, which 
is the best proof I can give as to what I 
think about it. 

Standard Food is all right anywhere and any 
time, and for anything in the shape of stock a 
farn.er has. Wm. Seek. 

HEARTILY RECOMMENDS IT. 

Struble, la,, June 1, 1900. 
On February 2d, I bought 100 pound of Stand- 
ard Food to feed to a bunch of 23 head of hogs 
which were very hard to fatten. These hogs 
weighed 180 pounds average, when I began to 
feed the Food, and the 23 head made an aver- 
age gain of 2V4 pounds per head per day for 
the entire time I fed them, I had neyer used 
any Standard Food before and was rather skep- 
tical but I want to say that it will do all or 
more than you claim for it. I have since 
boi ght 500 pounds more to continue its use 
with my hogs, which means that I am thor- 
oughly satisfied with results obtained. I can 
heartily recommend Standard Food for growing 
and fattening hogs. A. P. Noble. 

GIVES STANDARD FOOD THE CREDIT. 
Denton, Neb., May 18, 1901. 

I have found raising hogs to be profitable 
and I give Standard Food the credit. I can 
save from fifty to seventy pounds on a sow 
through the suckling period by feeding Stand- 
ard Food, and can raise better hogs at seven 
months old with Standard Food than I can at 
nine months' old without it. I can recom- 
mend it very highly for young calves and cows; 
hnve also fed it to my horses and never had 
them do better. I have used Standard Food 
for two years and have just bought another 500 
pounds from your agent. John R. Spelts, 



;.aN 17 1905 

160 



The Standard Feeder 



STANDARD It Makes Stock Thrive. The old reliable. Tested 

STOCK 18 years. Endorsed by over 100,0.00 regular custo- 

FOOD mers. Makes extra gains. Produces a superior 

finish. Shortens the feeding period. Unequaled 

as a conditioner. 

3-lb. Boxes .... $0.50 25-lb. Boxes .... $3.00 

8-lb, Boxes.... 1.00 25-lb. Pails 3.00 

100-lb. Lots 10.00 50-lb. Boxes.... 5.50 

STANDARD Exterminates worms from hogs and neutralizes 
"WORM and removes their poisonous accumulations which 
POWDER cause disease. 
(For Hogs Only) 2-lb. Boxes . . . $0.50 4>^-lb. Boxes ... $ 1 .00 

10-lb. Boxes $2.00 

STANDARD Expels worms from horses and neutralizes and 

"WORM removes the poisonous accumulations from worms 

PO"WDER which reduce vitality, produce unthrifty condition 

(For Horses) and cause disease. 

2-lb. Boxes $0.50 

STANDARD Makes poultry thrifty; makes thrifty poultry pay. 
POULTRY Increases egg production; promotes growth of 
FOOD young fowls. Tonic; vitalizing; nutritious. 

3-lb. Boxes.... $0.25 7-lb. Boxes ...$0.50 

STANDARD Destroys lice and all kinds of vermin on poultry 
INSECT and domestic animals. 
POWDER i.jy^ Boxes, sprinkler top, $0.25 

STANDARD An invaluable remedy for all external injuries of 
STOCK the horse and other animals. 
LINIMENT 4-oz. Bottles $0.50 

STANDARD Cures all harness galls, scratches, grease heel cuts, 
GALL CURE barb wire wounds, etc. 

4-oz. Boxes $0.25 



Standard Stock Food Co., Manufacturers 

OMAHA, NEBRASKA. U. S. A, 



Page 
Average Yield of Cows 113 

Balanced Rations 100 

Balky Horses 1:!, 144 

Blue Ribbon Horses 107 

Boar, Management of 12 

Breeder's Gazette on block 

Foods 17 

Breeding Ewes 124 

Breeds of Poultry 147 

Breeds of Sheep 12i 

Brood Mares 105 

Brood Sows, Care of 74 

Brood Sows, Selection of 72 

Buying a Horse 100 

Buying Feeders 21 

Butter Records 151 

Carriage Horses 102 

Care of Stallions 104 

Care of the Foal lOii 

Cleanliness— For Hogs 73 

Comparative Digestion 139 

Composition of Feeds 142 

Corn-and-CobMeal 26 

Corn-Cob-Charcoal 82 

Corn Stalks for Steers 90 

Cost of Beef Production 34 

Cost of Pork Production 83 

Cost of a Colt 104 

Cotton Seed for Steers 26 

Cow Census 151 

Cows for the Dairy 112 

Cutsof Beef 21 

Dairy Breeds 112 

Dairy Cow, The Ill 

Dairy Hints 117 

Dairy Profits 112 

Digestibility of Feeds 142 

Digestion, Promotion ol; Prof. 

A. A. Bennett 8 

Digestion— What it is 139 

"Dosing" Horses 98 

Endorsement by Colleges 8 

Extra Profits from Standard 
Stock Food 37 

Failures with Poultry 149 

FallPigs '7 

Farrowing Time 71 

Fattening Hogs 78 

Fattening Horses 102 

Fattening Sheep 125 

Feeding Cattle for Market 19 

Feeding Horses 100 

Feeding Period of Sheep 126 

Feeding Ration 12 

For Cattle 23 

For Hogs 79 

For Horses 100 

For Dairy Cows 114 

For Sheep 125 

For Poultry 148 

Feeding Stuffs— Analyses of. . . 143 

Feed to a Purpose 115 

Feed -Quantity of 144 

"Finish" 30 

Fitting Horses 13'> 

Fitting Sheep 13i) 

Fitting Stock for Show Ring. .. 135 

General Farmer, The 9 

Getting on Full Ration i'' 



Page 

Green Corn for Hogs 81 

Grooming Horses 99 

Growing Pigs 77 



History of Standard Stock 

Food 3 

Hog Ai.inents 84 | 

Hog Census 151 

Hog Cholera 85 

Hogs Following btetrs 31,82 ■ 

Hog House, The 72 ; 

Hog Lice 73 I 

Hogs for Show 136 

Hog Trough 79 i 

Horse Breedii'g 104 

Horses, Care and I'L-L-aing ol.. 97 | 

Horse, Digestion of 140 

Horseman, The y** 

Horses— Preparnig lor Spring 

Work 103 

Horses — Preparing for \uiiter 99 

Horses, Spirit 9:* 

Horses, Stomach 100 

Illustrated Interviews — 

J.H.Abbott 62 

L. L. Aldrich 120 

Harvev Bacon 13 

E.G. Baird 120 

Isaac Barker 60 

Richard Blaco 48 

I. S. Bvers 54 

F. S. Cliilds 66 

C. A. Daniel 42 

Geo. Dinsdale 40 

Wm. Firoved 94 

F'rank Greene 43 

Fred Haage 92 

Edward Hakes 64 

Morris Hough 44 

Lewis Kratke 15 

J. P. Land 89 

Daniel Lenard 127 

W.T.Locke 14 

W. A. McCullough .56 

H. C. McGath 90 

Henry Meiner 109 

George Morris 46 

M. T. Munsinger 63 

J. A. Ollis, Jr 88 

Howell Rees 50 

1. H. Schroeder 52 

L. A. Schroeder 49 

F. K. Spires 5S 

W. R. Thiirber 68 

W. E. Weidlein 108 

I. F. Wheeler 118 

J. W. Whitney 65 

Iowa Experiment Station, Re- 
port 



Page 

Nicholson, Prof. H. H 8 

Nodular Diseases in Sheep 127 

Nutrients for a Day's Feeding 145 

Orange Judd Farmer on Stock 
Foods 18 

Pig, Weaning of 75 

Pig, Scours in 75 

Piirk Pointers 88 

Poultry 147 

Poultry House 148 

Price List WO 

Price of Standard Stock Food. .8, 38 

Raise Your Own Feed 11 

Raise Your Own Steers VO 

Ram, The 123 

Rearing Calves 115 

Roughage for Sheep 126 

Ruminants, Digestion of 139 



152 



Lambs 124 

Livery Horses 10b 

Livestock, High Prices 151 

Male Animal, Importance of.. 11 

Management of Feeders 22 

Marketing Hogs 84 

Market Terms 35 

Methods of Digestion 139 

Milk Test 117 

Milk Type 112 

Mule, the lOb 



Salt for Horses 

Salt for Steers 

Secretary Morton's Endorse- 
ment 

Scours in Calves 

Scouring in Steers 

Selection of Stock 

Sheep, Care and Feeding of... 

Sheep Characteristics 

Sheepman's Views 

Shelter for Cows 

Shipping Steers 

Shrinkage in Shipment 

Silage for Steers 

Skim Milk for Calves 

Soaking Corn 

"Standard Farmer— The, "Sto- 
ry 

Standard Gall Cure 

Standard Insect Powdt-r 

Standard Poultry Fond 

Standard Stock Food — 

Why Feed.' 

For Cattle 

For Hogs 

For Dairy Cows 

For Sheep 

For Show block 

Standard Stock Liniment 

Standard Worm Powder for 
Hogs 

Standard Worm Powder for 
Horses 

Substances in Feeds 

Swine, Care and Feeding of. .. 

Swine Plague 



101 
24 

11 

116 

29 

10 

121 

122 

127 

117 

32 

33 

24 

116 

26 

131 
159 
157 
156 

7 
85 
86 
114 
126 
137 
158 

154 



155 

142 

71 

85 



Teeth as Indicators of Age 1^3 

Thumps, in Pigs 86 

Trotter, The 102 

Turning to Grass 29 

Variety in the Ration 25 

Variety of Feed for Horses 102 

Veterinary Advice Free 8 

Weaning Lambs 124 

Worms in Hogs 85, 154 

Worms in Horses 107, 155 




TOttPM 





mill II mill 
000 894 434 9 



mm Mm thrive 



